Kodi a Megreli ndi ndani? Kumeneko, chinenero, chikhalidwe

Mtundu wa Mingrelian ndi mtundu wosiyanasiyana wa anthu a ku Georgiya, makamaka akukhala ku Megrelia (Samargalo), ku Western Georgia. Zimaphatikizapo zigawo zisanu ndi ziwiri za utsogoleri: Abash, Senak (wotchedwa Tskhakai pansi pa Soviet rule), Khobi, Tsalendzhikh, Chkhorotsku, Martvil (kale Gegechkorsky) ndi Zugdidi. Derali ndi lofanana, kupatula anthu olankhula Chirasha ochepa m'mizinda ya Poti, Zugdidi ndi Senaki. Ambiri a Megreli amakhalanso m'madera a Gal ndi Ochamchira a Abkhazian Autonomous Republic. Galsky amawoneka ndi ambiri ngati gawo la Megrelia.

Malo

Malire a Megrelia kumpoto ndi Abkhazia ndi dera lamapiri la Svaneti. Kummawa ndi kum'mwera ndi mapiri a ku Georgia a Imereti ndi Guria, ndi kumadzulo - Nyanja Yofiira. Pa chigawo chonse cha mamita mazana asanu ndi atatu (4339.2). Pafupifupi 1260 km ndi mitsinje ya mitsinje ndi mapiri, ndipo ena onse ali m'mapiri ndi m'mapiri, makamaka kumpoto chakum'mawa (Tsalendzhikh, Chkhorotsk ndi Marvil). Madzi a m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi mtsinje wa Rioni, ali ndi nthaka yochuluka, yomwe mbewu zosiyanasiyana zimakula, kuphatikizapo silika, citrus ndi fodya. Kumadera otsetsereka, nyengo yozizira imakhala ndi kutentha kuyambira pa December mpaka mtengo wa 4-5 ° C mpaka July 23-24 ° C. Zosangalatsa zimatha kuposa mwezi umodzi. M'mapiri muli ozizira, makamaka m'nyengo yozizira (-6 - -2 ° C mu Januwale). Mvula ya pachaka ku Megrelia imachokera ku 1500 mpaka 2300 mm.

Chiwerengero cha anthu

Chiwerengero cha Mingrelia mu 1939 chinali anthu 323,811. Powonjezerapo anthu okhala ku Abkhazia ndi madera ena a Georgia, omwe dziko lawo ndi Megrels, ena amati chiŵerengerochi mu 1941 chinali pafupi ndi 500,000. Mu 1979, akuluakulu a chigawochi anali 405,500 anthu, kapena 10% a anthu a ku Georgia. 145,000, kapena 32%, amakhala m'midzi 5 ndi midzi ikuluikulu isanu ("dadebi"), ena onse - m'midzi 370. Muwerengero wa 1926, momwe dziko la "Megrely" linaganiziridwa mosiyana, anthu 242,990. Kudzizindikiritsa okha ngati a Megrelians ndipo 284,834 ankanena kuti Mingrelian ndi lirime lawo. Kuyambira apo palibe mawerengedwe a boma omwe achitidwa.

Chiyanjano cha chinenero

Megrelsky amatanthauza zilankhulo za Kartvelian (South Caucasus) ndipo sizimagwirizana bwino ndi Chijojiya. Ambiri omwe kale anali Soviet ndi akatswiri ena a kumadzulo a ku Ulaya amati Megrelian, pamodzi ndi Lazian, amapita ku gulu lina la banja la South Caucasus lotchedwa Megrelo Chan kapena gulu la Zanes. Katswiri wina wa ku Soviet, A. Chikobava, anatchula mayina awiri ofanana kwambiri a Mingrelian: kumadzulo, Samurzakan-Zugdid, ndi kum'maŵa kwa Senak. Chilankhulocho chilibe chinenero cholembedwa, ndipo ngakhale kuti anthu a ku Megreli amalankhula kunyumba, adayamba chilankhulo cha Chijojiya (kartli) ngati chinenero chamanja. Palibe zilankhulo za zinenero, mabuku ndi nyuzipepala, ngakhale kuti pakhala nthawi ndi nthawi kuyesa kupanga chinenero chakumapeto pamapeto a tsarist ndi nthawi yoyambirira ya Soviet. Nthaŵi zonse Megrelsky ndi imodzi mwa zinenero zofotokozedwa kwambiri ku South Caucasus. Masiku ano, maphunziro a chikhalidwe cha m'deralo ali ochuluka. Chiyanjano cha Chijojiya chimakhalabe malonda ndi boma. Chiŵerengero cha anthu omwe amalankhula Megrelian amatha, ndipo anthu ambiri ammudzi amadziona ngati a Chijojiya.

Zomwe anthu ambiri amakhulupirira

Ena amanena kuti Megrels ndi Ayuda a Chijojiya. Inde, izi si choncho. Ayuda a Chijojiya anabwera mu dzikolo mu 586 BC. E. Ndipo ankakhala kudera lonselo. Mu 1971, aliyah awo anayamba Israeli, chifukwa chiwerengero chawo chinachepa kuchoka pa 55,400 kufika 3,200 mu 2010.

Kodi a Megreli ndi ndani?

Mawu omaliza akuti "margali", mwachiwonekere, akuwonekera m'mawu achigriki Μάνραλοι, omwe Ptolemy m'zaka za m'ma 2000 BC. E. Anapanga anthu a Colchis. Mbiri ya Megrelians ikugwirizana ndi dera lomwe linali lodziwika kwa Agiriki akale ndi Aroma, monga Colchis kapena Lasik, ndi ku Western Georgians monga Egrisi. M'zaka za m'ma XIV. Anakhala ufumu wosiyana ndi mafumu ake omwe anali akalonga a Dadiani otchedwa Odishi. Chigawochi chinayamba kutchedwa Megrelia kokha m'zaka za zana la XIX. Kuyambira nthawi zonse wakhala mbali ya chikhalidwe cha Chijojiya ndi ndale, makamaka chifukwa cha GOC. Nthawi zina, Megrelia anali ndi zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana, poyerekezera ndi kum'mawa kwa Georgians (Kakhetians ndi Kartlis), osiyana ndi madera akumadzulo (Imeretia) ndi mapiri a Liha. Mafumu achigiriki, Aroma ndi Byzantine anali ndi mphamvu yaikulu kumadzulo kwa Georgia. M'zaka za m'ma XVII. Dzikoli linagawanika pakati pa Persia ndi Ufumu wa Ottoman. Gawo lakumadzulo, kuphatikizapo Megrelia, linali pansi pa ulamuliro wa Porta, ndipo gawo lakummawa linali gawo la Persia. Tchalitchichi chinagawikanso muwiri, ndipo Megrelia, yomwe inali ndi zitsulo zake zokhala ndi timbewu ndi timitengo, inakhala imodzi mwa chuma, kufikira potsirizira pake chitengedwa pansi pa zida za ku Russia mu 1804 monga gawo lodzilamulira. Mkhalidwewu unathetsedwa pambuyo pa kuuka kwa anthu a Megrel mu 1856-1857, omwe adagonjetsa likulu la chigawo cha Zugdidi. Mu 1867 Ufumu wa Russia unathetseratu mwakhama. Pansi pa ulamuliro wa Russia, vuto lalikulu la malungo linathetsedwa mwa kukhetsa mathithi. Pa nthawi yochokera 1918 mpaka 1921 gg. Megrelia anali mbali ya Georgia wodziimira. Mu 1921, idakhala gawo la USSR.

Ponena za izo, omwe a Megrelian, amavomereza momveka bwino mfundo imeneyi, kuti panali mikangano yochepa pakati pawo ndi anansi awo. Kufanana kwawo ndi anthu a ku Georgians, anafulumizitsa m'zaka za m'ma 1900 motsogoleredwa ndi zamakono, pambuyo poti maiko a Soviet adatha. Kuyesayesa kwina kosavuta kwa Mabolsheviks akumeneko kukhazikitsa ulamuliro kunalephera. Ubale pakati pa aAbkhazi ndi a Megreliyani m'madera ozungulira a kumwera kwa Abkhazia adasokonezedwa ndi lamulo la Georgianization, lopangidwa ndi Megrel Lavrenty Beria mu 1940 ndi 1950. Nkhondo ya pakati pa anthu a ku Georgians a m'deralo (makamaka a Megreli) ndi Akhakhazi anawuka m'ma 1960 ndi 1970. Mu July 1989, panali nkhondo yamagazi ku Abkhazia, chifukwa cha zofuna za nthambi ya Abkhazian; Anthu oposa 20 anaphedwa. Mingrels, omwe maonekedwe awo ndi chilankhulidwe chawo ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi maonekedwe ndi chilankhulidwe cha anthu a ku Georgiya, kukana kukakamizidwa ndi ndale komanso kuthandizira kulimbana ndi boma la Georgia.

Anthu okhala

Ngakhale kuti mumzindawu umakhala waukulu kwambiri, anthu ambiri a ku Megreli amakhala kumidzi. Kuchuluka kwa chiwerengero cha anthu m'madera otsetsereka sanasinthe kwambiri mizinda. Nyumba zomwe anthu a ku Megreli amakhala ali ndi nyumba yawo yokhala ndi mipanda yokhala ndi mipanda yokhala ndi mipanda yokhala ndi mipanda yokhala ndi mipanda yokhala ndi mipanda yokhala ndi mipanda yokhala ndi mipanda yokhala ndi mipanda yokhala ndi mipanda yokhala ndi mipanda yokhala ndi mipanda yokhala ndi mipanda yokhala ndi mipanda yokhala ndi mipanda yokhala ndi mipanda yokhala ndi mipanda yokhala ndi mipanda yokhala ndi mipanda yokhala ndi mipanda yokhazikika. Mudziwu ukhoza kuthamanga makilomita angapo. Poyambirira, midziyi idatchedwa gulu lodziwika kwambiri lachibadwa. Masiku ano, anthu omwe amakhala ndi chikhalidwe chimodzi amatha kukhalira kumudzi wina. Nyumbayi yakhala ikukula bwino, poyerekeza ndi matabwa oyambirira kapena matope a pansi zakale, monga Amhara, Jarvala ndi Godor. Ambiri akumidzi a ku Megreli masiku ano amakhala m'nyumba zamatabwa zamatabwa kapena njerwa zokhala ndi zipinda zogona m'chipinda chachiwiri ndi kumadera ena (khitchini, pantry). Pali mizinda 5 ku Megrelia. Mkulu mwa iwo - Zugdidi, Poti ndi Senaki - ndi osakaniza nyumba ndi nyumba zokhalamo, monga malamulo, zipinda ziwiri mu nyumba zisanu ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri.

The Economy

Pomwe anthu a Mingrelians ali, ntchito zawo zachuma, zomwe koposa zonse, zimachokera ku ulimi, akuti. Mwachizoloŵezi, anthu amadya gomi (Panicum italicum) ndipo, kuyambira m'zaka za zana la XVIII, chimanga, chomwe chikhalirebe chimanga chochuluka cha ulimi, ngakhale kuti nthaka yobiriwira ndi nyengo ya pansi pano inachititsa kuti chitukuko cha tiyi ndi zamasamba chikhale chachikulu. Georgia anapereka ku USSR zipatso zopitirira 90 peresenti ya tiyi komanso tiyi 97, ambiri mwa iwo anakulira ku Megrelia. Kubereketsa nkhumba, kubereketsa ng'ombe ndi kubereka nkhosa ndizofunikira. Mfakitale a Mingrelia amapangidwanso, kupanga uchi ndi tchizi. Banja lomwe liri m'mudzimo ndilo gawo lalikulu la zachuma. Poti ndi doko lalikulu. Malo osungirako nsomba, omwe anali pamenepo, kwa nthawi yaitali adatseketsa mzindawo.

Zithunzi za dziko lonse

Mwachikhalidwe, mabanja ambiri ku Megrelia akuphika nsalu ndi thonje. Kuphika madengu, mbiya komanso kupanga zipangizo zamatabwa zinapangidwa. Mapiri amapanga mapepala ndi zovala. Lero zamisiri zamakono zimapitilira, ngakhale pang'onopang'ono.

Malonda

Poyamba, a Megrelians a Georgia anali otchuka chifukwa cha luso lawo la zamalonda ku gombe lonse la Black Sea. Masiku ano, malonda amalamulidwa ndi boma ndipo amachitika m'masitolo a kumadzulo, ngakhale m'matawuni onse ali ndi misika yodzikongoletsera komanso pamsika wamisika, kumene alimi akugulitsa katundu wawo.

Kusiyana kwa ntchito

M'madera achikhalidwe achikhalidwe a Megrelia, makhalidwe osiyana a amuna ndi akazi amachitidwa mopepuka. M'mbuyomu, kugawidwa kwa amuna ndi akazi kunkagogomezedwa pa kubadwa, pamene anyamata anapatsidwa kulima kapena lupanga, ndi atsikana - ngati chiwombankhanga kapena mkasi. Ntchito zaulimi zinali zosiyana, ngakhale kuti amuna ndi akazi ankagwira ntchito m'minda. Ntchito zakuthupi, monga kupanga tchizi, kuyeretsa, kuphika, kusamalira ana ndi kumeta, inali udindo wazimayi okha. Amunawa anali atagwiritsira ntchito mbiya, kuyika madengu ndi kupanga zipangizo za khitchini, koma mzimayiyo - ndipo amalingaliridwabe - ndi mwiniwake wa nyumbayo. Masiku ano, anthu ogonana omwe ali ofooka amachitabe kusungirako nyumba, ndipo amuna akukonzekera kunyumba, akuthandizira kugula komanso, pang'onopang'ono, kusamalira ana. Atsikana asanalowe m'banja amachita ntchito zochepa panyumba. Kuwonjezeka kwa chiwerengero cha amayi ogwira ntchito kumatsimikizira kuti iwo ndi ofanana kunyumba.

Malo okhala

M'nthaŵi ya Soviet, dziko la Megrelia linali la boma ngati mafamu osonkhana. Malo osungirako katundu, minda ya zipatso, ndi minda ya zipatso adaloledwa, ndipo nthawi yambiri yogwiritsidwa ntchito pa ulimi. Pambuyo pa kusintha kwa mphamvu ku Georgia, minda yothandizana nayo idapatulidwa mwadzidzidzi ndipo malo adasokonezedwa.

Ubale

Gulu lofunika kwambiri la chiyanjano apa ndilo banja lapanyumba. Ma Megrelo amalemekeza kwambiri chiyambi chawo ndi dzina lawo. Mtundu uliwonse uli ndi womwini wake ndi chizindikiro. Mayina a Megrethe amathetsa mayina awo pa - (a) I, -yah ndi -ava. Pansi pano pali patrilocal, patriarchal and patrilineal. Mzere wa ubale umachokera pa ubale wa mwamuna ndi wosiyana. Kuwonjezera apo, pali maubwenzi apamtima okhudzidwa, monga kubvuta kwa ana omwe anali ndi mkaka wa mayi mmodzi, wotchedwa chiyanjano (chomwe chingathenso kupezeka pakati pa akazi), ndi chikhalidwe cha mulungu, ngakhale kuti zaka ziwiri zokha zidayamba . Ngakhale amayi nthawi zambiri amatenga dzina lawo la atsikana akwatirana, ana amatenga dzina la bambo awo. Akatswiri ena amanena kuti chikhalidwe cha amayi omwe kale anali achikazi chingathe kupezeka m'madera a Georgian ndi Megrelian, monga momwe amachitira ndi miyambo ina yachipembedzo ndi zilankhulo. Mbumba ya mingrelian inali yofooketsa, makamaka m'midzi. Kusakhala ndi olandira ana sikunasokonezedwe, chiyanjano chogonana chimalowa m'malo mwa amuna okha, ndipo kukhala ndi makolo a mkwatibwi kungathe kuchitika popanda manyazi.

Ukwati ndi banja

Mwachikhalidwe, ukwati unakonzedwa ngakhale atabadwa ndi m'bale wamkulu wa mkwatibwi kapena amalume ake ndi mayi. Ukwatiwo sukanakhoza kuchitika ngati banjali liri ndi dzina lachidziwitso, linagwirizanitsidwa kupyolera mu chiyanjano chodziwika kapena kukhala wa banja lomwelo. Kuwonjezera pa vuto lomaliza, kutchinga kulibebe lero. Okwatirana ndi anthu a m'mudzimo amapewa, ndipo mwana wamkazi wamkulu nthawi zonse amakhala wokwatira poyamba. Pasanathe chaka chimodzi chikwati, okwatirana omwe sali okwatirana sakanatha kulankhulana wina ndi mzake m'malo ammudzi. Ambiri a zaka zaukwati m'madera akumidzi anali kuyambira zaka 13 mpaka 14, ndipo kubapa kwa akwatibwi kunali kovomerezeka kuti anapereka malamulo angapo ovuta. Maukwati amakono sakwaniritsidwa, ndipo ngakhale kuti okwatirana adakwatirana msanga ndipo posakhalitsa atakhala ndi ana, pakalipano zaka zosachepera ndi zaka 17. Ayenera kuti akazi akhalebe anamwali musanakwatirane. Kusudzulana kumachitika kaŵirikaŵiri, makamaka m'madera akumidzi, koma sikovuta kukwaniritsa, ndipo ufulu wa amayi kulikonse amatha kulemekezedwa ndi kutetezedwa ndi lamulo. Mwambo waukwati wa boma sulinso wachipembedzo, ngakhale kuti maanja amakhala nthawi zambiri okwatirana mu tchalitchi. Pambuyo paukwati, nyumbayo ndi patrilocal. Njira yaikulu yowonetsera kubadwa inachotsa mimba.

Banja

Mabanja akulu ndiwo magwero a chithandizo chachuma komanso cha mtima. Iwo adasungidwa m'madera akumidzi a Mingrelia, koma lamuloli, makamaka za abale okwatira, amapereka njira kwa banja losakwanira, lomwe limaphatikizapo agogo awo kapena abale ndi alongo osakwatiwa. Achibale oyandikana nawo amakhalabe m'dera lanu, monga lamulo. M'madera, pali chizoloŵezi chopanga mabanja a nyukiliya.

Cholowa

Zakale, malo ndi katundu adalandira cholowa mwa amuna, makamaka pakati pa abale, ngakhale amayi ali ndi ufulu wopezeka payekha. Malamulo amasiku ano amathandiza cholowa chamtundu uliwonse, ngakhale kuti boma silingalowerere pazinthu zoterezi, zomwe zimaonedwa kuti ndizogwirizana ndi chisankho cha ogwirizanitsa a mamembala a banja lawo komanso achibale awo. Wills ndi kawirikawiri.

Socialization

Ana ndiwo malo apabanja. Ana aang'ono sawalangidwa kawirikawiri thupi. M'mbuyomu, ana analeredwa kuti akwaniritse maudindo awo. Anyamatawa analimbikitsidwa kuti azikakamizika ndi kukwera, kukasaka ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zida; Atsikana anali okonzekera kusunga nyumba. Mphamvu ya atateyo inkawoneka bwino, monga zinalili kulemekeza makolo ndi makolo omwe anamwalira. Zitsanzo zimenezi, zomwe mahatchi adzichotserapo ndi magalimoto, zimakhala zolimba masiku ano, ndipo kukwaniritsidwa kwawo ndi udindo wa banja lonse. Chikhalidwe chimayamba kutenga nawo mbali pazochitika zachuma, pamene ana amapita kusukulu ali ndi zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri. Kuyambira paunyamata, kuyambitsidwa kwa kayendetsedwe ka mabanja apabanja wayamba.

Bungwe lachikhalidwe ndi ndale

Megrelia, monga gawo la kale lomwe la Georgian SSR ndi USSR, anali kuyang'aniridwa ndi Party Communist. Madera omwe akuphatikizapo Mingrelia asankhidwa ku Bungwe Lalikulu la Georgian SSR komanso ku mabungwe awo a m'madera ndi m'midzi. Derali silinali woimira kapena kudziimira pawokha, mosiyana ndi Abkhazia, Ajaria ndi South Ossetia, omwe adasankhidwa kuti akhale "nthumwi" ku Council of Nationalities. Pambuyo pa chisankho cha boma lachikomyunizimu la ku Georgia mu October 1990, udindo wa a Chikomyunizimu m'madera aderalo unachepetsedwa kwambiri ndipo m'malo mwake anthu ena adatsatidwa.

Bungwe lachikhalidwe

Mapangidwe a makalasi mu Megrelia ndi akatswiri. Ophunzira apamwamba a anthu a m'midzi omwe ali ndi miyendo yoyera mumzindawu anali ndi mphamvu zazikuru m'derali kupyolera mu phwandolo la chikomyunizimu ndi maboma ena kapena maboma. Maphunziro ndi ntchito m'maofesi ali ndi udindo wapamwamba. Anthu akumidzi akuwoneka ngati "chigawo", ngakhale kuti mabanja akumidzi amalemekezedwa chifukwa choteteza njira yawo ya moyo.

Bungwe la ndale

mabungwe zofunika m'munda anali kumidzi, m'matauni ndi chigawo mabungwe ndi magulu a m'dera phwando. Nsonga n'kuyamba ndi matupi woimira m'dera wodzilamulira. M'mbuyomu, bungwe m'mudzi anali kwambiri sanali chipani, ngakhale mu mzinda ndi pa Boma, monga ulamuliro, achikomyunizimu anali ambiri. Today yayitali chogwidwa ndi boma lina m'dera kapena kusankha kapena kukhala olamulira. Iwo anali m'malo mwa oimira zipani palokha ndale.

kasamalidwe chikhalidwe

Kuthetsa mikangano ndi yokonza anavomera kupereka maphunziro omwe si ofunda monga banja, mudzi ndi gulu anzawo, komanso mabungwe ofunda, monga chipani, masukulu, mabungwe m'dera ndi mabwalo amilandu. Makhoti ntchito pa chigawo ndi milingo oyang'anira tauni. Ikuchitika ndi kutuluka gawo, yomwe angathe kuyendera zodziwitsa ndi malo osiyana. oweruza onse osankhidwa kale pafupifupi nthawizonse zakhala a Party Communist.

nkhondo

anthu Megrels nthawizonse zakhala chapatsogolo nkhondo Chijojiya ndi anansi Muslim. Turkey kangapo anagwira dera, kwa nthawi yotsiriza mu 1918. Kulinso mikangano ndi mbali zina za Georgia pa mavuto dynastic ndi m'mphawi zipolowe mu XIX ndi oyambirira XX zaka. Mu nthawi ya Soviet, mikangano mafuko kunali kochepa. Mu July 1989, zochitika m'madera kum'mwera kwa Abkhazia Komabe, kwambiri anakula ndi Abkhaz-Mingrelian ubwenzi.

zikhulupiriro chipembedzo

Chipembedzo chachikulu cha Samegrelo, komanso ena Georgia - Chijojiya Orthodoxy. Mpingo Orthodox ndi dziko autocephalous. Poyamba, aliyense Fuko anali woyang'anira yake woyera ndi chizindikiro (dzhindzhihati) kuti akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito zauzimu kutetezeredwa. St. George anali zotsalira zofunika kwambiri woyera ndi nambala yake amati kusungidwa mu Mingrelian mipingo chopatulika m'mudzi wa Ilori. Archangeloi Michael ndi Gabriel (nthawi zina amalambira mmene gulu limodzi) analinso umembala mkulu Megrelia; oyeramtima ndi malo enieni ukatswiri ndi maholide awo nthawi zonse analemekeza. Miyambo ndi zikhulupiriro za Chikristu chisanayambe ali osokonezeka ndi miyambo ya chipembedzo. Poyamba Megrels ankakhulupirira mizimu nkhalango ndi milungu yachikunja. Zochitika za zikhulupiriro zimenezi amapitirizabe miyambo ndi zikhulupiriro kubadwa, ukwati, imfa, chaka chatsopano kapena madyerero yokolola. Megrels si palimodzi chipembedzowo wokhulupirika, pamene watsopano owolowa manja mfundo za chipembedzo chifukwa cha chitsitsimutso achipembedzo, monga kwina mu Georgia.

art

About amene Megrels akuti luso lawo - amuna m'dera amadziwika polyphonic awo kuimba ndi capella, ndi nyimbo ndi kuvina, pamene kalembedwe Chijojiya, ndi makhalidwe awo. Wapadera zida m'dera nyimbo, monga larhemi ( "nzimbe," mawonekedwe zitoliro), tsopano inatha.

mankhwala

Colchis limene mbali anali Samegrelo, anali wotchuka kwambiri kwa Agiriki akale ndi mankhwala. Wanyanga Medea anabadwa pano. mankhwala ambiri otchuka zilipodi, ena omwe mbali mankhwala amakono Chijojiya. Ambiri Mingrelian wakonda mankhwala amakono poyerekeza ndi chikhalidwe. akazi zambiri ochepa tsopano akubereka kunyumba.

imfa

Imfa Samegrelo maliro poyera ndi intensively. M'madera onse a kumidzi ndi m'tauni ya imfa umalimbikitsa zimakhalira pachibale ndi mgwirizano wa banja. Kuti banja la womwalirayo ati chithandizo. Ambiri miyambo miyambo azinga mwambo ndi kuikidwa m'manda, akadali kulemekezedwa. Ndi thupi akhululukidwa kwa masiku anayi, imene palibe chakudya m'nyumba simuli okonzeka, ngakhale alendo achibale ndi anzake anakonza anadzuka. Wokumbukira amadziwikanso umachitika pa tsiku la makumi anai, chaka akamwalira. Pachikhalidwe pafupi mwamuna wachibale sadzakhala amete kapena ntchito Loweruka chaka chonse. Maliro ukhoza kwa zaka 10 mpaka 15, imene Nsembe ku manda, makandulo ndi mankhwala. Mu Mingrelians alinso lofanana ndi la tsiku onse akufa (suntaoba), pamene mabanja kukaona manda a achibale.