Kodi tanthauzo la mawu oti "Men, Tequel, Fares" amatanthauzanji? Aroma: Olesya Nikolaeva, "Mene, Tekel, Fares"

"Mene, tekel, fares" - mawu osamveka omwe amakondweretsa anthu kwa zaka zambiri. Kodi ndi chiyani? Yankho likupezeka mu Baibulo. Nkhani yosangalatsayi imayikidwa mu chaputala chachisanu cha buku la Danieli, lomwe liri mu zolembedwa za Chipangano Chakale.

Mbiri ya Ulosi

Mfumu ya Babulo yotchedwa Belisazara inakonza phwando lalikulu kwa olemekezeka ake. Atamwa vinyo, adalamula antchito kuti apereke mbale zolowa ndi golidi zomwe atate wake Nebukadinezara anaba nazo kuchokera ku Kachisi wa Yerusalemu ndipo ananyozedwa ndi ntchito yachikunja. Mwa zinthu zopatulika, ambuye oyandikana nawo ankamwa vinyo. Pa bacchanalia, dera lonselo linatamanda mopembedza mafano achikunja. Pa nthawi yomweyi, chochitika chodabwitsa chinachitika, chomwe chinkawopsya Belisazara ponyenga, - dzanja linawoneka mlengalenga, ndikulemba pamtambo wowerengeka wosamvetsetseka kwa mfumu.

Belisazara anali wamanyazi, adagwedezeka kwambiri, pomwepo adadziitanira yekha makamu ndi anyamata, kotero kuti awerenge ndikumasulira mawu olembedwa. Kwa yemwe ati adzapirire nazo, Ambuye walonjeza ulamuliro waukulu. Koma palibe amene anabwera kudzawerenga kapena kufotokoza tanthauzo la zomwe zinalembedwa. Ndiyeno mfumukazi inamukumbutsa za munthu waumulungu Danieli, amene Nebukadinezara anabweretsa ku Babulo, limodzi ndi Ayuda ena okhala mu ukapolo ku Yerusalemu. Danieli ankadziwika chifukwa cha mzimu wake wapamwamba, nzeru zaumulungu ndi luso lofotokozera maloto.

Wandendeyo adakana mphoto ya Belisazara, ndipo adawerenga mawuwo ndikuwatanthauzira. Koma asanamukumbutse mfumu ya nkhani ya atate wake, amene Mulungu anamupatsa ulemu ndi ukulu, koma adagwiritsa ntchito molakwa mphatsozi. Nebukadinezara anali wodzikweza ndipo anakhala wopanduka komanso woopsa. Chifukwa cha ichi, Ambuye adachotsa nzeru zake zaumunthu kwa iye ndikumupatsa nyama, mpaka mtsogoleriyo atazindikira kuti maufumu onse ndi mafumu anali olamuliridwa ndi Wamphamvuyonse yekha.

Danieli anadzudzula Belisazara chifukwa chakuti nkhani ya atate ake, ngakhale kuti ankadziwika kwa iye, sanamuphunzitse kanthu kalikonse. Belisazara anaiwala Mulungu ndipo, pamodzi ndi gulu lake lonse, mafano olemekezeka. Chifukwa cha ichi, Ambuye anatumiza zala, zomwe zinalembera mfumu chigamulochi: "Mene, mene, tekel, uparsin."

Zisonyezero zosonyeza mawu

Mu Baibulo la Elizabethan, mawu akuti "uparsin" amalembedwa ngati "zizindikiro". Kotero mu kutanthauzira kwa Chisilavo cha Tchalitchi mawu awa akuwoneka mosiyana kwambiri: "Mene, tekel, fares (uparsin)." Kutembenuzidwa kwenikweni kuchokera m'chinenero cha Chiaramu kumati: "wanga, wanga, shekeli ndi polmini" ndizoyeso zogwiritsa ntchito m'mayiko akale akum'mawa. Mitengoyi ndi pafupifupi magalamu 500, hafu ya millimita, 250 magalamu, ndipo shekel ndi pafupifupi 11,5 magalamu.Koma chofunikira sichinali chiyero chenichenicho, koma tanthauzo lophiphiritsira la mawu awa: "Mene, tekel, fares." Kutembenuzidwa kwa mawu amodzi kungamveke motere: "Kuwerengedwa, kuwerengedwa, kuyeza, kugawidwa". Danieli anawatanthauzira motere: Mulungu anawerengera (kumvetsa) tanthauzo la ufumu ndi kuwuleka, kuyeza ndi kuunika kwambiri (ndi kosafunikira) ndi Belisazara yekha. Chuma chake chagawanidwa ndikupatsidwa kwa olamulira ena - Aperisiya ndi Amedi. Usiku umenewo, Belisazara anawonongedwa ndi Dariyo wa Amedi, Babeloni adapita kwa Aperisi, ulosiwo unakwaniritsidwa.

Mu chikhalidwe cha dziko lapansi

Mawu akuti "Mene, Tekel, Fares" akhala chizindikiro cha chikhalidwe cha dziko lapansi. Monga momwe zilili m'Baibulo, amagwiritsidwa ntchito mophiphiritsa lero kuti "ayese" ntchito, zochita ndi zolinga za munthu. Tisaiwale kuti mau awa anali kuneneratu za mapeto a munthu amene ali ndi mphamvu ndi maudindo amene adadzikuza yekha ndikupita mopitirira malire. Choncho, chiganizo cha "Mene, Tekel Fares" chikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngakhale pamene akufuna kufotokozera kugwa kwa wolamulira ndi satrap. Sizodziwikiratu kuti phokoso lokhalira maliro ("Inu munagonjetsedwa m'nkhondo yowonongeka"), yomwe idapitilira maliro a Bolshevik omwe anafa, akusonyeza kuti ngakhale kuti munthu wina wodzitcha, amatha kudya phwando m'nyumba yachifumu yokongola, mbiri yosangalatsa ya mbiri yakale imasonyeza zodabwitsa pamtambo.

Momwemonso, kutchulidwa kwa "Mene, Tekel, Fares" mu nyimbo "Brick wina mu khoma" ndi Pink Floyd, yovomerezedwa ndi ophunzira akuda ku Africa ngati kutsutsa motsutsana ndi tsankho, imamveka mofanana.

Mukhoza kumva mau osakhoza kufa m'mafilimu a ojambula mafilimu apanyumba ndi akunja ("Stalker", "History of the Knight", etc.).

Mujambula ndi zithunzi

Kujambula kwa Rembrandt yayikulu "Phwando la Belisazara", lopangidwa mu 1635, laperekedwanso ku mawu akuti "Mene, Tekel, Fares". Tanthauzo lake liwululidwa mothandizidwa ndi njira zojambula zojambula bwino. Chisamaliro chapadera chimaperekedwa ndi mbuye kumakhudzidwa ndi maganizo a zolembedwa zodabwitsa ndi zodabwitsa pazithunzi zamakono.

Osasokonezeka ndi mphamvu ya zojambulajambula pa owona ndi kujambula "Phwando la Beltesasar" ndi Vasily Surikov, lomwe linalengedwa mu 1874. Zojambulazo zojambulazo zimapereka kukoma kwa nthawi, zovuta komanso tanthauzo la zochitika zomwe zikuchitika.

Wolemba mabuku wa ku France dzina lake James Gilray anagwiritsa ntchito chiwembu chokhudza Belisazara chifukwa chojambula chinyengo cha Mfumu Napoleon.

M'mabuku

Mawu awa, omwe asanduka mapiko, amapezeka m'mabuku ambiri olemba. Limeneli ndilo buku lolembedwa ndi olemba mabuku a ku Russian, Ivan Nazhivin, amene amadziwa kuti chiwonongeko cha 1905 chasintha. Chenjezo lapadera ndi mawu awa m'magulu a zowonongeka "B. Ababulo "ndi Michael Weller. Kutchulidwa kwa mawuwa kuli m'buku la "The Name of the Rose", lolembedwa ndi Umberto Eco, mu zolemba za "Tirmen" za olemba Chiyukireniya omwe amapanga pansi pa chinyengo cha Henry Oldie, mu ntchito ya V. Erofeev "Moscow-Petushki", mu ndakatulo zachilendo za Dmitry Prigov ndi ntchito zina.

Buku la Olesya Nikolayeva

Kumayambiriro kwa Zakachikwi zatsopano, adayambitsa ntchito yotchedwa "Mene, Tekel, Fares" Olesya Nikolaeva, wolemba Chirasha ndi wolemba ndakatulo. Mu 2010, adapatsidwa Chigamulo cha Mpingo wa Russian Orthodox wa St. Peters Olga pazochita zake zowunikira, ndipo mu 2012 adalandira Patriarchal Literary Prize. Ndi chikondi chachikulu, kuseketsa ndi chisoni, wolembayo akubwezeretsa dziko la Russian monasticism ndi machitidwe a ubale pakati pa Akhristu. Tinganene kuti ndi milomo ya olesya Nikolaeva, Ambuye amauza anthu okhulupirira kuti ayime, ayang'ane okha kuchokera kunja ndikuyang'anitsitsa ngati akukwaniritsa lamulo lalikulu la Khristu: "Kondanani wina ndi mzake." Kukondedwa ndizofunikira zachilengedwe za munthu aliyense. Kuchokera ku chikondi chomwe chazirala pa dziko lapansi, dziko liopa mantha popanda mantha. Kusokoneza, chidani, kuzunzidwa pakati pa Akhristu ndi chinthu chomwe chimapangitsa chikondi chenicheni kwa Mulungu ndi anthu ndikusocheretsa kwambiri ntchito zauzimu ndi makhalidwe a ana a Mulungu. Mawu akuti "Mene, tekel, fares", omwe ali ndi mbiri ya bukuli, omveka mmalo mwa zochitika za mwana wachinyamata, "ovulala" chifukwa chosowa chikondi, kumvetsetsa ndi kukhululukira pakati pa anthu amtengo wapatali a dziko lachikhristu. Ndipo apa pali_kuitana kuti muime ndi kuganiza.