Miyeso Anti-inflationary ku Russia

Zochita ntchito zachuma za mabungwe a zachuma si zolondola ndi mabuku muyeso wa kufufuma, komanso kuunikira momwe polojekitiyi woona wa zodabwitsazi ndiponso kusintha kwa iwo. Mu ndondomeko imeneyi, choyamba ndi yapadera tanthauzo structural kusintha kayendedwe mtengo.

Limatchula za zinthu

Pamene "moyenera" kufufuma kukwera mitengo mankhwala, kupulumutsa pakati pa ubwenzi m'mbuyomu. Pankhaniyi, mtengo ndi zofanana zinthu pa misika katundu ndi ntchito. Pamene akusamala mlingo wa ndalama ya anthu si yafupika, ngakhale kuti mtengo wa ndalama kale anapeza atayika. Pamene magawanidwe wosiyana wa kusokonekera ndalama, pali kusintha structural kupanga katundu. Izi ndi chifukwa kusinthasintha vutoli mtengo. Chinawonjezeka makamaka mofulumira mtengo wa katundu tsiku ndi tsiku inelastic akumufuna. Zimenezi, zinagwira yafupika khalidwe la moyo ndi kuchuluka mavuto chikhalidwe.

Linanena bungwe kuchokera pamalo

Mavuto obwera chifukwa cha vutoli wa nkhaniyi mitengo mogwirizana ndi zida lolamulira m'mayiko osiyanasiyana kuchita kugwirizana ndondomeko. The ofufuza akuyesera kuti muganize amene bwino ndinazolowera ziriri pano ndi kukhala dongosolo kuthetsa izo. M'mayiko osiyanasiyana, nkhani imeneyi anathana mosiyana. Mu kusanthula zinthu zayamba n'komwe wonse osiyanasiyana zinthu zenizeni. Mwachitsanzo, mu England ndi America pa mlingo boma, patsogolo zapatsidwa kwa chitukuko cha pulogalamu liquidation. M'mayiko ena ntchito yolenga ndi miyeso zovuta anatengera.

njira Keynesian

Kusanthula miyezo odana inflationary mfundo zachuma, muli njira ziwiri vutoli. Mmodzi wa iwo anayamba ndi Keynesians ano, ndipo chachiwiri - otsatira a sukulu neoclassical. Mu njira choyamba, mitsuko odana inflationary a boma ndi kuchepetsedwa kuti akuyendetsa msonkho ndalama. Izi zipangitsa kuti zimakhudza mphamvu kugula. Chifukwa izi, ndithudi, kufufuma lili. miyeso Anti-inflationary zachilengedwe Komabe, komanso kungasokoneze pa ulimi, kuchepetsa. Zimenezi zingachititse kuti stagnation, ndi zina mavuto, kuphatikizapo kuwonjezeka mlingo wa ulova. Chiwerengero cha kufunika mu gawo mavuto amadziwikanso zimatheka ndi kuchititsa mfundo zachuma. Yotithandiza wake mitengo ya msonkho kuchepekela, anayambitsa pulogalamu ya ndalama ndi ndalama zina. Woyamba mitengo otsika zakonzedwa kwa iwo amene alandira ndalama otsika ndi sing'anga. Akukhulupirira kuti njira kukuza ogula kufunika kwa ntchito ndi mankhwala. Komabe, ikusonyeza chizolowezi, monga miyeso odana inflationary likhoza kuvutika zinthu. Komanso, chipinda cha mchitidwe wa ndalama ndi misonkho zayamba kuchepetsedwa ndi kuchepekedwa bajeti.

chiphunzitso neoclassical

Malinga ndi iye, kuti kutsogolo lamulo chuma ndi ngongole. Ndi kugawa njira zina zimakhudza zinthu. Akukhulupirira kuti miyeso odana inflationary boma ayenera umalimbana kuchepetsa kufunika ogwira. Okhulupirira chiphunzitso cha chifukwa n'chakuti Kukwezeleza kukula ndi ntchito kukhalabe chongopeka ndi kutsitsa mtengo zachilengedwe ulova kumam'phunzitsa imfa ya ulamuliro pa vutolo. pulogalamuyi akuchita Bank ku Central lero. Yokhala, si pansi pa boma. The Bank ndi mbali yaikulu pa msika posintha kufalitsa ndalama ndi mlingo chiwongoladzanja pa ngongole.

pulogalamu kusintha

Monga mbali ya boma ano msika si zingatheke kuthetsa zinthu zonse kufufuma (okhawo, ndi kuchepekedwa bajeti, imbalances mu chuma, ziyembekezo za amalonda ndi anthu, ndi zina zotero). Ndichifukwa chake ambiri a dziko mmalo moyesera kuthetsa vutolo konse kuyesera kuti chiphwanye vutoli, kuteteza kuwonjezeka awo. Masiku ano, ambiri zopindulitsa kuphatikiza zing'onozing'ono yaitali miyeso odana inflationary boma. Tiyeni tione iwo mwatsatanetsatane.

pulogalamu yaitali

dongosolo ndi odana inflationary miyeso monga:

1. The kufooka chikoka cha zinthu zina. Pankhaniyi vuto ndi muchepetse inflationary pa spillovers chuma cha likulu lina. Iwo zimapezeka mu mawonekedwe a ngongole yochepa ndi ngongole kulipira kuchepekedwa bajeti dziko.
2. Kukhazikitsa malire osafunika kukula pachaka okwanira ndalama.
3. Kuchepetsa kuchepekedwa bajeti, kuyambira ndalama zake ndi kuwonetsetsa kuti ngongole Bank chapakati kumabweretsa kufufuma. ntchito kuzindikira kuchepetsa ndalama ndi kuwonjezeka mu misonkho.
4. Alipire zoyembezereka za boma, chilimbikitso panopa akumufuna. Kuti tichite zimenezi, mitsuko bwino mfundo odana inflationary ayenera kutikonza kupambana kukhulupirira kwa nzika zonse. atsogoleri dziko ayenera zimathandiza kuti ntchito bwino msika. Zimenezi, ndi amadza zabwino ogula kuwerenga maganizo. Pankhaniyi miyezo odana inflationary m'gulu la liberalization za mitengo, zolimbikitsa kupanga polimbana monopolization ndi zina zotero.

The pulogalamu yochepa

Izo umalimbana ndi slowdown afika kufufuma. Pankhaniyi, chofunika patsogolo okwanira akaphatikiza popanda kuwonjezera kufunika okwana zimatheka ndi makonzedwe a ubwino ena kuti mabizinezi chinkhoswe mu yopanga ndi-katundu ndi ntchito kuwonjezera yopanga chachikulu. Part katundu akhoza privatized ndi boma, umene kupereka kulowetsedwa zina za bajeti. Izi facilitates kwambiri yothetsera mavuto a wosaperewera. Komanso yochepa boma dongosolo la miyeso odana inflationary kumachepetsa kufunika kudzera kukhazikitsa wambirimbiri magawo a makampani latsopano. Wonjezerani kukula kumathandiza kuti katundu imports. Yotsimikizika chikoka nyamuka mu chiwongola dzanja pa chiwongola dzanja. Izo kumawonjezera mlingo ndalama.

miyeso Anti-inflationary ku Russia

Kwa zaka zingapo, Bank ku Central pamodzi ndi Unduna wa Zachuma imachitika pulogalamu cholepheretsa. Mpheroyi akutenga ndalama ruble ndi wotsatira yotsatana kuchepa kwa liquidity dollar mu msika zoweta. Zochitika zasonyeza kuti dongosolo chotero kwa njira odana ndi kufufuma sanathe kuonetsetsa bata mtengo. Komanso, ntchito zawo ndi loopsa kwambiri kwa dziko. Pakuika kupanga kwenikweni anali wodzikweza kwambiri njira yopulumukira. Komabe, ndalama zimene wakhala kukankhira kunja za bizinesi, kupeza zinthu zina. Choncho, panali kuwonjezeka kwambiri phindu katundu, akuchuluka mu mabuku malonda a zinthu zapamwamba komanso zofunika zina. Pa nthawi yomweyo profitability likulu "otentha" mobwerezabwereza akulengeza Bank ku Central, Yehova kwambiri anasintha zolinga za ndalama. ndalama zakunja wakhala kopindulitsa n'kukhala rubles. Anakhala m'madera kwambiri kukula kwa intermediation ndalama. Lero, mu gawo lino pali malipiro pazipita, amene si limodzi ndi chizindikiro kudzazidwa. Pa nthawi yomweyo chinawonjezeka ndi kudalira wa makampani ndalama magwero kunja. Ntchito ya ndalama dziko nthawi yomweyo posatuluka yekha kwa yokonza ankadutsa Ogula zakunja ndi ntchito pa malonda akhalire. Ngakhale ruble zinali kupereka ubale kuthetsa kampani zoweta ndi makasitomala. Ndalama dziko, anakhala pafupifupi palibe kufunika kwa chuma Russian ndipo akudikila kufufuma.

mayendedwe zingamuthandize

Mogwira kulimbana ndi ziriri pano, akatswiri ambiri amaona mu zolimbikitsa bwino chuma. njira imeneyi imaphatikizapo ntchito zachilengedwe, choncho odalirika zipangizo kasamalidwe. Ndalama zina ziri mu kufunika kumsika zoweta, wazamalonda nthawizonse kupeza mwayi kutenga ndalama ku banki a dziko lawo kapena m'mayiko ena. Mu nkhani iyi, amagulitsa adzakhala mwaufulu kutembenuza phindu mu ndalama dziko. Ngati ndalama mu chuma udzakhala wochuluka, iwo adzatumizidwa ku madipoziti banki kapena ndalama zakunja. Ntchito pakati umuna ayenera kugwira chiwongola dzanja pa mlingo linaperekedwa pofuna kuletsa kusinthasintha lalikulu matalikidwe mu ngongole msika. Komabe, akatswiri amanena kuti zinthu ku Russia ndi zotheka ngati Bank ku Central adzakhala "ukonde ngongole" kwa mabanki malonda. Pankhaniyi, adzatha azikuuzani mawu mitengo, osati kudalira msika. wa ngongole Bank chapakati adzamva zofunika. Komabe, iwo ayenera kupita ku kuchotsa kanthawi owonjezera liquidity. Net kukongoza Choncho kuonetsetsa profitability ntchito pa msika lotseguka. Zimenezi, adzapereka zofunika odana inflationary kwenikweni.

chuma nsinga

Iwo chongopeka zingakweze mitengo ndi kungasokoneze pa ndalama za gawo lenileni zachuma. Pa nthawi yomweyo boma ngongole amafuna malipiro chidwi kwa ndalama. Chifukwa, iwo apanga wachiphamaso mavuto kwenikweni. Choyamba, ngongole pang'onopang'ono kotunga kukula, wachiwiri - kuwonjezeka ogwira akumufuna. chuma kumapangitsanso kupanga chinthu adzamasulidwa kutha pamene wathunthu wa ngongole.

misonkho

Kukula kwa malonda zoweta ndi kovuta kusokonezedwa zosafunika ndi akuluakulu a zochita zake, kupereka malipoti ndi macheke ambiri. Akatswiri amanena mavuto lalikulu ndi dongosolo msonkho. olemba angapo akumufunsira sichingapatule kwa milandu onse, kupatula amene ikuyendetsedwa ndi ntchito za boma, tochepa ndi sing'anga. Ndi muyeso uwu mpumulo awiri bajeti sadzakhala, koma pang'ono kuletsa mfundo mogwirizana sanali msika pakati pa boma ndi amalonda. kukhwimitsa odana inflationary adzalola malonda kuchita ntchito yake chikhalidwe, amene kuligonjetsa maalumali mankhwala ndi kupereka nzika ndi ntchito ndipo malipiro. Pamene msonkho osachita malonda an'dzacosa mwa mithunzi. Izi miyeso odana inflationary likhale kuwalimbikitsa kwambiri kwa kukula kwa gawo yopanga.

Komanso

Kuwonjezera pa pamwamba, akatswiri amati kugwiritsa ntchito njira zina odana inflationary. Iwo ayenera kukhala monga kupeza zotsatira za izi sanafune kuti kukonzekera yaitali. Pakati pawo, makamaka akatswiri zikusonyeza kuyambitsa pafupi prohibitive ntchito pa wolowa mphamvu. Izi kuonetsetsa dziko yaiwisi zipangizo chitetezo yaitali, kubwezeretsanso zoweta msika mafuta, kuwonjezera mpikisano. Zimenezi, ayenera kuyambitsa mitengo m'munsi.

Pomaliza

Lero, kufufuma ndi imodzi mwa njira yoopsa kwambiri ndi kuwawa kwambiri. Iwo ali kungasokoneze pa gawo ndi zachuma. Kufufuma - si kuchepa mphamvu kugula ndalama. Iye udzaononga njira ya lamulo zachuma, nullifies khama zonse mu ndondomeko ya structural kusintha, kumabweretsa misika vutoli. Nature wa chikwaniritso cha kufufuma angakhale osiyana. Njira sangatengedwe kukhala monga chifukwa cha zochita zina za boma. Kufufuma chifukwa cha chinyengo kwambiri dongosolo la zachuma. Kuchokera pamenepa, ndizoonekeratu kuti onse madziwo si mwachisawawa, koma asathe. M'nkhaniyi, chitukuko cha miyeso odana ndi kufufuma kukhala lero ntchito yaikulu ya boma. Monga zinanenedwa pamwamba, kuchoka pulogalamu vuto zimafuna njira yaitali. Komabe, iwo ndi ntchito pokhapokha pamene mudzalipidwa ziyembekezo mwamsanga kufufuma kwa anthu. Kuti athetse vutoli, muyenera kukhala dongosolo kulimbikitsa njira msika ndi kum'khulupirira ambiri nzika. Monga miyeso kuvomerezedwa zithetsedwe kufufuma, kumene, ayenera kuchita kuchepetsa kuchepekedwa bajeti. Ziyenera adzanyamula kukumbukira kuti mapulogalamu onse adzakhala ntchito pokhapokha ngati pa nthawi yomweyo kukhala ndi kulimbikitsa nchito kupanga. Kuchepetsa kufunika kwa ndalama chingapezeke mwa kulimbitsa msika chofunika, mwayi kuti aganyali m'matangadza, wololera wamba bungwe. Chifukwa cha zinthu adzakhala anapanga kuti asunge otsika zotheka mlingo wa kufufuma. Iwo nkhabe dzakhala zimakhudza kwambiri pa limagwirira msika ndi kusokoneza chitukuko wabwinobwino wa dziko.