Mizimu Nikolay Leonidovich, Soviet mlengi wa magalimoto oti muli nazo zida: yochepa yonena

Mizimu Nikolay Leonidovich - mkulu mlengi wa Kirov thanki mbewu. Iye anapanga zopereka kwambiri kuti Kugonjetsa mu Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo. Zipatso Dukhov ntchito zinali zofunika kwambiri chifukwa chitetezo cha USSR. Uyamiko kwa Iye, ndi okhawo US pa zida za nyukiliya kunatha.

banja

Mizimu NL anabadwa October 26, 1904 mu dera Poltava, mudzi Veprik. Mary M., mayi ake anali mwana wa mwinimunda osauka. Leonid, bambo anga anali ngati wothandizira zachipatala. Kenako anasamukira ku shuga fakitale m'mudzi kumene mkazi tsogolo moyo. Chaka atakwatirana, Leonid ndi Nikolai Mariya anabadwira.

mapangidwe

Pa zaka 7, Nicholas anapita ku sukulu ya pulayimale mu kumidzi Veprik. Atamaliza maphunziro ake mu 1914, anapitiriza maphunziro ake Gadyachsky chakale zolimbitsa thupi. Zinali chiphunzitso chachikulu cha zilankhulo, kulola mizimu mwangwiro katswiri English, German ndipo French. Mu 1919, kusukulu anali lidzasinthidwa sukulu chilemetso cha gawo 2. Nicholas maphunziro mu 1920

Mwayi kupitiriza maphunziro Nicholas anaonekera zaka 22 zokha. Factory Komsomol kusonkhana anaganiza kupereka mizimu ya tikiti ku ntchito luso wa Kharkov ntchito m'dziko ndipo anayambitsa geodetic. Atamaliza maphunziro ake, iye anatha kulowa popanda tione Leningrad Polytechnic yunivesite ku dipatimenti makina, kumene anaphunzitsidwa kapangidwe ndi kubala mathirakitala ndi magalimoto. Iye maphunziro Institute mu 1932

Experience ntchito

Mizimu Nikolay Leonidovich, amene yonena akufotokozedwa m'nkhani ino, anayamba kugwira ntchito ndi zaka 14. Poyamba panali mlembi wa komiti a wosauka mu kumudzi kwawo. Mu 1921 anakhala wothandizila waudindo. Ankachititsa kalembera kwa mawerengedwe a misonkho. Kuyang'anira kuwerenga chipinda cha distilikiti. Rayzemlesa anali mlembi ndi mutu wa ofesi kaundula. Mu 1925 ndinapeza ntchito monga wogoba Chupahovsky Beet mbewu. Patapita nthawi iye anasamutsidwa ku dipatimenti ya luso ndi normalization.

Chikadzangotha maphunziro Mizimu ndinapeza ntchito pa Leningrad mbewu "Red Putilovets". Poyamba panali alipidwa wantchito wamba. Koma patapita zaka zingapo ndinayamba m'malo mlengi aakulu.

Mizimu Nikolay Leonidovich: ubwana Mlengi

Chidwi chinachake pulani ndi kumanga Nikolai anayamba kutuluka mwana. Pamene iye anali ndi zaka 7 kokha, anadza kwa oyandikana nawo anyamata, kwa amene anapanga zida matabwa nkhondo msewu. Monga wachinyamata, Nicholas mosavuta kukonza mawotchi ulonda, zipangizo, kubowola. Pambuyo zolimbitsa thupi anamanga wailesi. Kotero m'mudzi panali wailesi choyamba.

Jobs tanko- ndi thalakitala

Nikolai Leonidovich chinkhoswe mu kulinganiza kapangidwe ka zinthu zosiyanasiyana mathirakitala "Universal" Mu zaka zoyambirira za ntchito pa Leningrad Kirov chomera (LB) Mizimu. Ntchito pa chilengedwe cha woyamba Soviet "magalimoto zonyamula", "Leningrad-1." Iye anakhala nawo ntchito yomanga Kireni.

Mu 1936 iye anatengedwa ntchito pa kusintha kwa galimoto oti muli nazo zida. Anam'samutsira SKB-2, pamene iye anayamba kumanga mphamvu ndi njira ya kuwerengetsera samatha thanki. Izi deta Patapita zaka zingapo ndi anzake ntchito. Kenako anaikidwa mutu wa gulu la okonza, amene ankachita nawo mu wamakono wa akasinja T-28. ntchito inatha mu 1938, panokha mizimu anatengedwera adakwera kufala kwa kapangidwe latsopano.

Kumapeto kwa 1938 anasonyeza ntchito yatsopano lalikulu la asilikali thanki KV-1, amene kenako anakhala kutulo kwa Germany. Mu 1939, LB anayamba kuŵeta zida zatsopano pansi zojambula la mizimu. Mu 1940 anaikidwa Wachiwiri mutu wa SKB-2. Yakhala mlengi atongi wa KV-1 ndipo anapanga zopereka kwambiri kulengedwa kwa KV-2.

Mu 1941, mbewu anasamuka ku Chelyabinsk. kampaniyo anadzatchedwa ndipo anali kudziŵika kuti chidule CTZ. Pamaziko a m'deralo fakitale thalakitala anayamba kupanga KV akasinja zino. Mu July wa chaka Mizimu yomweyo anaikidwa patsogolo mlengi wa Division Chachitatu ndipo anapita Chelyabinsk. Ntchito bungwe msanga. Ndipo mu October 1941, Nikolai Leonidovich anakhala kazembe wamkulu mlengi wa mbewu. Mu 1943 anaikidwa mlengi mkulu CTZ. Iye anagwira ntchito mpaka 1948

Panthawi imeneyi, Mzimu zachitika latsopano msonkhano-mzere ulimi wa akasinja KV. Iye anatsogolera chitukuko cha zosintha awo ndi zida zankhondo. Tinali wachibadidwe modernized akasinja sing'anga T34. Motsogozedwa Dukhov unachitikira kukhala latsopano IC mndandanda (1, 2, 3, 4). Mu nthawi unawonongedwa izo thalakitala latsopano S-80 ndi kanyumba chatsekedwa analengedwa.

The ntchito makampani nyukiliya

Mu 1948 Nikolay Leonidovich Mzimu anabweretsedwa ku ntchito pa polojekiti atomiki CB-11. Iye anakhala m'malo mwa mlengi mkulu Yuri Kharitonov. Motsogozedwa ndi gawo Nikolai Leonidovich anali ndi udindo kwa chilengedwe cha woyamba Soviet mlandu nyukiliyazo basi ndi bomba la atomiki. Mu 1949, Mizimu nawo kuyezetsa ake pa Semipalatinsk mayeso malo. Ndipo mu 1953 - bomba wa hydrogen.

Popeza 1954, Mzimu anasanduka Dayilekita, mlengi otchuka ndi wotsogolera sayansi ya nthambi yoyamba ya KB-11. Nikolay Leonidovich anali mbali yaikulu ya ntchito za anayambitsa - chilengedwe cha zipolopolo kwa zida za nyukiliya machitidwe kuyambitsa mlandu wake, ulamuliro zida ndi zipangizo.

Soviet mlengi wa monse NL ankaona woyambitsa wa sukulu ya kapangidwe ka zokwana nyukiliya. Patatha zaka 10 pansi pa utsogoleri wa Dukhov 3 mayunitsi m'badwo basi yapangidwa. Ndipo anamanga zipolopolo miyala ballistic, torpedoes, woyamba mivi zimafika kwa yapamadzi, Air Force ndi Air silikhali. Kwa iwo, kuwonjezera chiwerengero cha zipangizo zosiyanasiyana zinalengedwa. 3 mibadwo ya zipangizo wakhala anayamba motsogoleredwa ndi mizimu

• oscillographic;
• bezostsillograficheskaya;
• makina ndi kulembetsa yadigito.

Mlengi, Mphunzitsi

Engineering ndi mamangidwe ntchito Nikolay Leonidovich pamodzi ndi kuphunzitsa. Kuyambira 1935 mpaka 1940. Iye anali pachibwenzi ndi kuphunzitsa ophunzira mu Leningrad msewu ndi Polytechnic mabungwe. Mu 1944 Mawotchi Engineering koleji ndi thanki ndi dipatimenti amwambo zomangamanga linatsegulidwa. Mutu wa Dipatimenti anaikidwa Mizimu. Iye anachititsanso boma ntchito ndi Kupenda m'banja.

Nikolay Leonidovich, Soviet mlengi, wakhala Ufumuyo zofunika kwambiri kuti kuphunzitsa akatswiri kwambiri oyenerera. mizimu yomwe amadzuka ndi Utumiki wa nkhani ya mphoto ya phungu wa zomangamanga madigiri sayansi. Ndipo woyamba 3 Protection wadutsa mu 1962

moyo

Mizimu Nikolay Leonidovich anakwatira Maria Alexandrovna, amene anali kukhala mpaka imfa yake. Ntchito mizimu zonse zakhala zili mu malo oyamba. Koma banja linali lofunika kwambiri kwa iye. Mkazi wake anali tcheru kwambiri ndi kumvetsa. Nthawi zambiri, pamene iwo anasankhidwa kuti filimuyo, anaona pakati pa zochita Nikolay mwadzidzidzi n'kupita okha ndi kuganizira. Iye mwakachetechete, kuyesera mantha maganizo ake kutenga iye kunyumba. Ndipo panjira, pamene iwo adakhala pansi mu galimoto, Mizimu anayamba kulemba kuwerengetsera yotsatira.

mwana wamkazi wa banja Zoe anabadwa, yomwe kenako bwinobwino m'banja ndi anapatsa makolo zidzukulu - Svetlana ndi Igor. Nikolay Leonidovich nthawi yosowa a mpumulo nthawi ndi nthawi yokwanira kuti iwo.

imfa Dukhov

Mizimu Nikolay Leonidovich anafa May 1, 1964 chifukwa matenda aakulu, ngakhale sakhalitsa. Health mlengi chinasokonezedwa ndi ntchito mwakhama pa ntchito ya nyukiliya nkhondoyi, pamene onse anali kugwira ntchito pa malire a mphamvu zake. Nikolay Leonidovich anaikidwa mu manda Novodevichy.

Mphotho ndi maudindo

Mu 1954 Mizimu Nikolay Leonidovich (1904-1964 gg.) Analimbikitsidwa ndi msilikali wamba. Iye anali dokotala wa sayansi ndi luso. Iye anali wopambana wa Lenin, State ndi anayi Stalin mphoto. katatu analandira udindo wa Hero wa Socialist Labor. Mu 1953 iye anali membala wa Academy of Sciences wa USSR. Iye anali kupereka mendulo zingapo ndi malamulo anayi Lenin, wina - Suvorov digiri yachiwiri ndi chimodzi - Red Star ndi mbendera ya Labor.