Mpikisano kalasi nkhaka. Nkhaka mpikisano: ndemanga, zithunzi

Nkhaka - mmodzi wa mbewu otchuka nalo alimi munthu ndi mabizinezi ulimi. zomera kukula oyambirira ndi kupereka zokolola zabwino. Malinga ndi mipweya ya zipatso 95-97% madzi, muyezo kukhala carotenes, mavitamini ndi yaying'ono angapo ndipo macronutrients.

Nkhaka wa banja mphonda ndipo amadziwika dziko lathu m'zaka za m'ma XVI. Dziko ndi ngoziyi kukhala m'madera otentha a China ndi India. Pa phazi la Himalaya, mungapeze mitundu zakuthengo nkhaka yaing'ono zipatso zowawa ndi inedible. Tinayamba kukhala chikhalidwe pafupifupi 5-6 zikwi zapitazo. Tsopano nkhaka ambiri. Anasonyeza mitundu ingapo ndipo hybrids zomera. Mmodzi wa mitundu wotchuka kwambiri mu Russia anakhala nkhaka mpikisano (chithunzi).

Mbiri ya yatsoka

Mpikisano nkhaka (zosiyanasiyana kufotokoza pansipa) anaikidwa mu 1980, pa siteshoni kuswana experimental mu Crimea VIR. Mpikisano kulima m'dera anapatsidwa - zigawo kum'mwera kwa Russia. Koma ambiri izo kuphunzitsidwa sanali wakuda zone nthaka ulimi.

Obereketsa anabweretsa "mpikisano" (nkhaka) monga precocious. Pa chomera zipse zipatso masekeli magilamu 100 kukoma zabwino. Kuyambira chodzala pansi pamaso kukolola koyamba amatenga miyezi pafupifupi imodzi ndi theka, ndipo zosiyanasiyana kugonjetsedwa ndi matenda.

Nkhaka mpikisano: kubzala kufotokoza nthaka

Malinga zone nyengo, mbewu zingabzalidwe mu nthaka m'nyumba ndi panja. Koma kuti imathandizira kukula ndi kucha zipatso mu zone pakati pa filimu akulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito pogona zosakhalitsa. Pa kutentha ndi madigiri 20 kuti 25 okwanira moistening mphukira adzawonekera masiku 3-5 pambuyo kufesa. Osavomerezeka mbande kutenthedwa. Kutentha kuposa madigiri 35 zovulaza zanthete, iwo ziletsa kukula kwa zomera.

Penyetsetsani wamaluwa bwino zipatso pamene ankafika pa trellis kuposa mabedi yachibadwa. "Mpikisano" nkhaka bwino mizu mu dothi lachonde friable ndi okhutira mkulu humus. The zomera anafuna chinyezi nthaka ndi kutentha. Akulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito kubzala dera mu masentimita 40x40.

Mlingo wa mbali kukula ndi structural

"Mpikisano" (nkhaka) amatanthauza zosiyanasiyana yakucha oyambirira. Mbewu yofesedwa pa mbande oyambirira May, ankafika ku nthaka kumapeto kwa May kapena chiyambi cha June. The mizu mu nyengo kukula kusiyana wolimba kuposa gawo pamwamba. Pa tsiku 10 anapangira nyongolosi ya kutalika kwa kuya kwa mizu ndi 1: 3, pa usinkhu wa masiku 20 chiŵerengero izi 1: 2. masiku pokhapokha 50 nthaka nkhaka wofanana mobisa, kenako amayamba upambana izo. Akhakula ndi zokwawa tsinde mofulumira anatambasula m'litali. Izo ukutha ndi masharubu, amene zomera akhoza gwiritsitsani thandizo. Pa tsinde la anapanga masamba mtima woboola pakati ndi lobes asanu.

Nkhaka mpikisano: kufotokoza zosiyanasiyana za

Maluwa kumachitika atangobadwa chiyambi cha kumera wa mbewu. Ziwalo zoberekera dioecious: wamwamuna (wosabereka maluwa) ndi mkazi (ndi n'kuwasanganiza ndi). zosiyanasiyana The akuti ndi monoecious, ndiyo pa wina ndi chomera yomweyo anaika maluwa mwamuna ndi mitundu wamkazi. Painting owala corolla chikasu. Maluwa zavumbulutsidwa 6 koloko m'mawa mu M'madera a zitunda kumpoto ndi kum'mwera - pa 4-5 koloko m'mawa. Mungu ndi yotheka mu maola choyamba pambuyo kutsegula kwa corolla lapansi. Kubereketsa zomera imagwiridwa njuchi.
Pambuyo pa 12 masiku, onse maluwa kuguluka anapanga mazira anapanga Zelentsy. M'mikhalidwe yabwino, zomera akuyamba kubala zipatso pa tsiku 45. Werengani pambuyo zikamera.

kusamalira zomera

Mpikisano - nkhaka wodzichepetsa ndi matenda kugonjetsedwa. Chomera kosamugonjera matenda ndi powdery cinoni, bacteriosis (bakiteriya malo). Chifukwa cha ichi ndi mabuku pazipita yokolola amayenda.

Silnovetvistoe mbewu - nthambi zazikulu angafikire mamita awiri mu msinkhu. Choncho m'pofunika kukhazikitsa mizati wapadera mu nthaka, ndipo akukonzani ndi dongosolo pamwamba kuonetsetsa kukula yunifolomu. Young tsinde zina kumangirako thandizo choimirira.

Malamulo zoyambirira za kusamalira nkhaka mitundu "mpikisano":

- kuthirira yake;
- Kupalira zonse;
- kudyetsa zina zapadera;
- kwambiri kumasula nthaka.

Nkhaka madzi bwino yotengedwa kuchokera pansi ndi sikokwanira chuma kudya. Ndi kupanda chinyezi zomera akhoza kwambiri kwanthawi kumbuyo mu chitukuko - kugwa kuchokera n'kuwasanganiza ndi zipatso ang'ono anapanga. Choncho n'kofunika kupereka madzimadzi zokwanira kukula yoyenera.

Chifukwa kutumphuka nthaka awonongeke mothandizidwa ndi tithe kumvetsa kumasulira kwake. Ndondomeko Izi zipangitsa mwa kundipatsako kwa mizu ya zomera mpweya wokwanira, amene ali wamng'ono kwambiri m'nthaka.

Nkhaka kuwonjezera mpweya ndi mpweya chofunika. Chomera atembenuza izo kudzera dzuwa nkhani organic. Ena akatswiri amalangiza ntchito kuvala, makamaka bwino wosakanikirana manyowa wamba.

mitundu zokolola

Pa nthawi yokolola wa landings pa mita lalikulu, ndi kuisamalira mukhonza kuwapeza makilogalamu 3.3 kuti 3.8 wa nkhaka. Pa zokolola magawo bwanji fruiting nthawi - izo angafikire masiku 90. Dontho lakuthwa kutentha amachepetsa nthawi ya mapangidwe zipatso ndi zokolola kalasi.

makhalidwe wosabadwa

Mpikisano nkhaka zipatso ndi kufotokoza izi. Ndi mabulosi onyenga (kapena vwende). The gawo lamkati tichipeza zipinda angapo wodzazidwa ndi mbewu. Zipatso chowulungika-cylindrical, mdima mtundu wobiriwira, chachikulu, pamwamba ndi lili ndi timabamputimabampu lalikulu ndipo lili zofewa spikes wakuda. Wakucha nkhaka m'litali kungakhale kwa 14 masentimita. Momwe aliyense misa ukufika 130 mphindi magalamu. Easy kusonkhanitsa, chifukwa chipatso zelentsov yaitali mwendo 5 mpaka 7 masentimita.

Wamaluwa kuzindikira mkulu "mpikisano" palatability nkhaka zipatso mitundu mu mwatsopano kapena zam'chitini. No kuwawa, sweetish thupi ndi yowutsa mudyo. The mitundu ikuluikulu ya "mpikisano" nkhaka anasonkhanitsa ndemanga kwambiri positive.

The kuipa mitundu nkhaka "mpikisano"

Ngakhale kuti nkhaka ankalimbanawo ndemanga (chithunzi Ufumuyo) amatengedwa bwino, zosiyanasiyana ali zolakwika. Zipatso pasanapite chikasu pamene iwo atsala pa bedi kwa nthawi yaitali pambuyo kucha. Choncho khungu linabwera ming'alu Mwamsanga nkhaka fungo enieni chifukwa mbewu mapangidwe ndondomeko anayamba. Ngati chisamaliro si kuchuluka zokwanira madzi ntchito kuthirira mbewu, mkwiyo wa kumachitika mu zamkati. Specific zosasangalatsa kukoma anamva m'dera phesi ndi amagwirizana ndi kudzikundikira mu khungu kukurbitatsina glucoside. Mkulu mpweya kutentha ndi dzuwa lowala kulimbikitsa kuonera zolaula.
Komabe, kutsatira malamulo a kusamalira zomera, n'zotheka kukwaniritsa kofunikira kwambiri chomera zokolola. Ndipo zipatso wamkulu m'munda abwino kwa pickling ndi kutetezedwa.