Nkhondo ya Leipzig (1813)

Nkhondo ya Leipzig - mmodzi wa nkhondo yaikulu pa Napoleonic Nkhondo. Inachitika mu Saxony 4 - 7 October 1813 Woyesana kunkhondo anali asilikali a asilikali Napoleon ndi chimodzi odana French mgwirizano.

ANAKULIRA nkhondo

Russian ndawala Napoleon mu 1812, unatha mu wolephera. Zimenezi zinachititsa kuti chilengedwe cha adani a mfumu chimodzi odana French mgwirizano. Iwo wapangidwa ndi Russia, England, Prussia, Spain, Portugal, Sweden.

Woyamba nkhondo yaikulu zinachitika pakati pa Otsutsa pa Bautzen, wopambana amene anadza asilikali French. Asilikali chimodzi odana French Mgwirizano anakwanitsa akugonjetsa Napoleon pa Grosberenom, Katzbach, ndi Dennewitz Kulm. Mu 1813, adani unkatchedwa zolawula pa Dresden ndi Saxony ndipo anayamba wotchuka nkhondo ya Leipzig.

The vuto madzulo a nkhondo

Pofuna kumvetsa zimayambitsa mthunzi Napoleon ndi kugonjetsa asilikali ake, ayenera kuganizira mmene zinthu zilili ndi nkhondo ya Leipzig. 1813 anakhala wolemera zokwanira Saxony. Chakumapeto kwa chaka cha kuti gawo 3 patsogolo anagwirizana makamu: North (pansi pa lamulo la Swedish Korona Prince Jean Bernadotte), Bohemia (ku Austria Field polimbana K. Shvartserber) g ndi Silesia (Prussian General G. Blucher). Anadza kwa nkhondo; ndipo Polish Army (Gen. L. Benningsen) yochepa unachitikira mu malo.

Napoleon zoyambirira ankaganiza kuti akanthe kusagwirizana asilikali, koma mofulumira kagwiridwe, kusowa nthawi ndi khama anakakamizika kusiya zolinga zake. Mfumu wa asilikali French anaikidwa mu chigawo cha Leipzig.

Kapangidwe ndi mphamvu ya Otsutsa

Munthu sankadziwa mbiri ya nkhondo, funso angakhalepo: "N'chifukwa chiyani nkhondo ya Leipzig imatchedwa nkhondo ya amitundu?". chakuti mbali Napoleon mu mkangano kutengela French, mizati, Dutch, Italy, ndi Belgians ndi Saxon. Pa nthawi yomweyo monga mbali ya anagwirizana asilikali anali Austrians, asilikali a Sweden n'kulanda, anthu a Russian ufumu wa Prussians, Bavarians.

Asilikali French inkakhala amuna 200,000 ndi 700 mfuti ziwanda. Bohemia kumenyana ndi asilikali 133 sauzande, amene anali 578 zipolopolo. Silezkaya asilikali inkakhala amuna 60,000, ndi North - 58 000, limene lili 315 mfuti 256, motero. Asilikali Polish anali 54 zikwi asilikali ndi 186 zipolopolo.

Events October 4

Nkhondo ya Nations mu 1813 pafupi Leipzig kuti anayamba pa malo asilikali ataima Bohemia. Ngakhale pamaso nkhondo izo m'magulu atatu. Kuukira chachikulu pa French anaika mbali yoyamba molamulidwa ndi M. B. Barklaya de A Tolly. Pa tingalimbanirane, mmawa wa October 4, gulu anagwira ambiri am'midzi. Koma Austrians anakana MB Barclay de A Tolly kuthandiza ndi iwo anakakamizika abwerere.
Napoleon ndi asilikali okwera pamahatchi Corps molamulidwa ndi Murat anayamba yojambula m'deralo ndi. Wachau. Ndi Cossack Regiment walunjika IE Efraimu, anali m'gulu la asilikali a Alexander Ine, asilikali French ayikidwa ku malo poyambira.
Other Napoleon atathamangitsidwa nkhondo ya adani m'dera ndi Viderits Möckern. Pa Kukada, ndewu anaima mbali zonse. Mdani maudindo ndi pakutha nkhondo si zimasandulizidwadi. Pa nkhondo Otsutsa ataya pafupifupi 30 chikwi. Aliyense.

Zotsatira za tsiku loyamba

Pa tsiku loyamba la nkhondo ya Leipzig kunatha mu Jambulani. mbali zonse analandira tsankho chigonjetso (asilikali Napoleon pa Lidenau ndi Wachau, anagwirizana - pansi Mekerne), zomwe zimakhudza vuto wonse. Koma malo a Mgwirizano odana French anali bwino chifukwa chakuti iwo anathandiza wa Bennigsen ndi Bernadotte. Napoleon angathe kuwerenga kokha pa mpanda wamng'ono wa Rhine.

Events October 5

Pa tsiku limeneli nkhondo akanapanda anakhalabe. Only kumpoto kwa asilikali Blucher a analanda midzi ndi Oytritssh Golis ndipo anabwera pafupi Leipzig. Usiku Napoleon regrouped asilikali kuti abwere ku mzinda. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, asilikali French anaika pa Arc tcheru pafupi Leipzig. Poyankha, Napoleon ndi asilikali ogwirizana atazunguliridwa ndi semicircle la Silesia - kumpoto, North ndi Polish - kum'mawa Bohemia - kum'mwera.

Events October 6

Nkhondo ya Leipzig Anapitiriza m'mawa pa 6 October. Pa tsiku limeneli, asilikali a ku France anatenga malo kumbuyo, ndi imfa mwa mfundo zofunika za bwino potsimikizira-kuukira. Boma maganizo a asilikali Napoleon anawomba kusintha kosangalatsa mwadzidzidzi wa Achisaxon apakavalo Division ndi Württemberg kumbali anagwirizana. kusakhulupirika awo zinachititsa kuti depopulation za malo chapakati, koma mfumu anatha mofulumira kutaya kwa malo ziziyenda zinthu. Army kuukira odana French Mgwirizano, nayenso, si bwino. Ichi chinali chifukwa nthawi zosiyanasiyana ndi kosagwirizana zolawula pa wongokhala mayunitsi ndi otetezedwa.
Nkhondo yaikulu mu tsiku lino unachitikira pansi Probstgeyde, Tsukelgauzenom, Goltsgauzenom, Dozenom, Paunsdorf ndi Losnigom. Pakutha tsiku la French anakwanitsa kugwira udindo pafupifupi flanks onse, kupatula pakati. Koma iwo anataya pafupifupi onse a nkhondowo zida zake ndi Napoleon ankadziwa kuti zimenezi zingachititse chiwonongeko chotheratu cha asilikali.

Events October 7

M'mawa wa pa October 7, asilikali Napoleon anayamba abwerere. Adani sanali cholinga kuswa asilikali French pa njira kwa Elster, iwo anatumiza asilikali awo kukathyola Leipzig. Kuti tichite zimenezi, mizati atatu zinalengedwa, amene mwamsanga kupita ku mzinda. Am'deralo anapempha osati kuyamba nkhondo, koma odana French Mgwirizano adamfunsa okwana Kudzipereka Napoleon. Pa nkhomaliro ndi ogwirizana anadzasokoneza pa mpanda.
French lamulo dala aphulitsa mlatho pa Elster, kudula asilikali ake ndi anagwirizana ndi kuwalola kuthawa. Koma inabzalidwa mu mlengalenga pasadakhale ndi zina anatsala mu mzindawo. Iwo anali kuthawa mwa kusambira. Asilikali ambiri anaphedwa zoyenera madzi. Mmodzi mwa iwo anali kulamulira J. Poniatowski. Madzulo asilikali odana French Mgwirizano anakwanitsa Leipzig.

zotsatira za nkhondo

zomvetsa General Napoleon zinasonyeza kuti pafupifupi 60 chikwi. Asilikali, za nambalayi wa asilikali anataya odana French mgwirizano. asilikali Imperial anakwanitsa kupewa okwana kugonjetsedwa kukuchitika chifukwa chakuti zochita za ogwirizana sanali bwino mgwirizano ndi olamulira European zambiri sakanakhoza kufika vutoli.

Kodi zotsatira n'kofunika andale amene anatsogolera nkhondo ya Leipzig. Chaka 1813 kunapezeka kuti kovuta kuti Napoleon. Pambuyo kugonjetsedwa mu Nkhondo ya Leipzig Pambuyo kugwa Chitaganya cha Rhine. Pambuyo kumasulidwa kwa kanthu German nkhondo kufalitsa ndi gawo la France. Mu March, ndi ogwirizana anatenga Paris ndi kudziko panali ulamuliro wachifumu unayambanso.

Kukumbukira Nkhondo ya Leipzig

Nkhondo ya Leipzig (nkhondo ya amitundu), mmodzi wa lofunika kwambiri mu mbiri ya nkhondo Napoleonic. Umenewu umatchedwanso kuti "Nkhondo ya mafumu atatu"
M'chikumbumtima ya nkhondo mu Germany mu 1814 zinachitikadi kupambana zazikulu.
Mu 1913, lalikulu chipilala "Chipilala ku Nkhondo ya Nations" chinatsegulidwa ku Leipzig.

Suli kutali nawonso anamanga St. Aleksievsky kachisi, kumene lero m'manda asilikali akugwa. Tikumbukenso kuti GDR ankafuna kuwononga chipilala, pamene iye anayesedwa ulemerero mitundu German. Komabe, pa nthawi anayamba kuonedwa ngati chizindikiro cha ubwenzi ndi Russia ndi maulamuliro asankha kupulumutsa chipilala.
Komanso 100th chikumbutso nkhondo mwambo ndalama (3 zizindikiro) wamasulidwa.
Lero, Leipzig ali pamtunda wa zakale ochepa wodzipereka kwa mbiri ya nkhondo kwambiri.