Nthawi ya Mavuto. Mwachidule za zazikulu

Nthawi zina wobvutika mwachidule kukhala monga kuchepa mphamvu anafotokoza. nyengo imeneyi itadziwika zaka masoka achilengedwe, mavuto - chuma ndi anthu, - ndi phukusi la alendo. stagnation uwu unakhalapo kuyambira 1598 mpaka 1612.

Nthawi ya Mavuto mu Russia mwachidule za zazikulu

Chiyambi cha Mavuto a zinali zodzaza yimitsira wa ku Rurik mafumu anafa yovomerezeka olandira Ivana Groznogo, si mfumu yovomerezeka mu Russia. Mwa njira, wolowa nyumba yomaliza imfa inkakhala mwachinsinsi kwambiri. Iwo sikukudziŵika mpaka tsopano. Mu dziko, kulimbana ndi mphamvu pamodzi ndi zokhota. Mpaka 1605 wachifumu anakhala Boris Godunov, amene gulu crouches njala. njala ndi kukakamiza anthu kuchita kuba ndi kuba. Thonje kugalukira anamaliza kusakhutira ya misa, amene anakhala ndi chiyembekezo kuti wovulalayo Godunov Tsarevich wotchedwa Dmitry ndi moyo ndipo posachedwapa kukhazikitsa bata.

Choncho, chifukwa nthawi zovuta zakambidwa mwachidule. Ndipo zomwe zinachitika pambuyo? Monga kuchitika, panali Zonama wotchedwa Dmitry, amene ali thandizo lochokera ku Poland. Pa nkhondo ndi wonyenga anaphedwa Tsar Boris Godunov ndi mwana wake Fyodor. Komabe yaitali wachifumu anali pa osayenera ndi: anthu anagonjetsa Zonama wotchedwa Dmitry Ine ndi Tsar Vasiliya Shuyskogo akufuna.

Koma ulamuliro wa mfumu yatsopano unalinso mwa mzimu nthawi ya mavuto. Mwachidule, nthawi imeneyi tinganene motere: pa chiwembu ndi Ivan Bolotnikov anaonekera Zonama wotchedwa Dmitry II, kuthana ndi zimene mfumu amalowa pangano ndi Sweden. Komabe, wotero ankapatsidwa kuchita zoipa koposa zabwino. Mfumu kutsitsidwa ku mpando wachifumu, ndi dziko anayamba kulamulira anthu olemekezeka. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, bungwe la Zitsulo asanu anabwera ku likulu la dziko anayamba kufalitsa Chikatolika, ndi kulanda zonse. Amene zina kulimbikitsa vuto la anthu wamba.

Komabe, ngakhale mavuto onse ndi wadzaoneni ya Time ya Mavuto (mwachidule izo akufotokozedwa monga nyengo koipa m'dziko lathu), Russia ndi mayi anapeza mphamvu kubadwa kwa ngwazi ya. Iwo kupewedwa kutha kwa Russia pa mapu a dziko lapansi. Tikuyankhula zokhudza asilikali Lyapunov: Novgorod wotchedwa Dmitry Pozharsky ndi Kuzma Minin anasonkhanitsa anthu ndi kuthamangitsidwa kuchokera kudziko lakwawo a m'derali. Kenako, Zemsky Sobor unachitikira, imene mpando wachifumu anasankhidwa Mihaila Fedorovicha Romanova. chochitika inatha ndi nthawi yovuta kwambiri m'mbiri ya Russia. Wachifumu anatenga kulamulira mafumu atsopano, amene anagwetsedwa ndi chikominisi yekha m'zaka za m'ma makumi awiri. Nyumba ya Romanov anabweretsa dziko kunja ku mdima, ndipo analimbitsa ake pa dziko lonse.

The zotsatira za Time wa Mavuto. mwachidule

Zotsatira za mavuto kwa Russia ndi louma kwambiri. Chifukwa cha chisokonezo dziko wataya mbali yaikulu ya malire ace, ali ndi vuto kwambiri anthu. Mu munda panali kuchepa zoopsa anthu akatha ndipo ataya chiyembekezo. Komabe, zimene sizimakupha zimakupanga kukhala wamphamvu. Ndipo anthu a ku Russia anatha kupeza mphamvu kuti adzathe kukhazikitsa ufulu wawo komanso kusonyeza okha mozungulira dziko. Nakhala kudzera koipa nthawi, Russia wakhala atachira. Chinayamba zamanja, chikhalidwe, anthu anabwerera ku ulimi ndi ulimi nyama, kuima cholanda pa msewu waukulu.