Philosophy: tanthauzo, magwero

Kodi nzeru? tanthauzo ndi kosatheka kupereka bwino kale chifukwa cha chidziwitso chake cha zimasiyana mu nthawi zosiyana za mbiriyakale, ndipo ngakhale mu umodzi ndipo nthawi yomweyo mu masukulu osiyanasiyana ndi malangizo a maganizo kungakhale osiyana kwambiri, kuphatikizapo matanthauzo ofananafanana. Lake m'dera phunziro ali anazindikira ndipo komabe anazindikira mosiyana.

Philosophy Kale

"Chikondi cha nzeru" - kuti latembenuzidwa kuchokera ku mawu a Chigiriki "nzeru". tanthauzo yemwe anamangidwa pa izo. Akukhulupirira kuti woyamba kudzitcha kuti nzeru zapamwamba Pythagoras, ndi momwe iye anasonyeza kudzichepetsa kwake kwakukulu Iye akhapidziwa kuti si milungu ndi nzeru, ndi zivundi chabe kuti kulibe, ndi iwo angakhoze kokha mumamukonda iye, mulimonse kuulondola.

Ancient nzeru za Agiriki anali yoyenda yokha kuchokera zithunzi nthano ndi miyambo yachipembedzo komanso ziphunzitso za makhalidwe abwino ndi andale. Nthawi zambiri zinaoneka pafupifupi n'chimodzimodzi ndi sayansi, monga chidziwitso koona, osati umalimbana kukwaniritsa zolinga zabwino. Komano, nzeru anali sindicho kudziwa waukulu ndi chizolowezi loterolo.

Pafupifupi onse alipo chivundikiro nzeru. Tanthauzo la mutu wake, Komabe, sikuti ndi dziko lonse. kugawa chake chija - ndi metaphysics. phunziro ili si kwambiri kuti pali zambiri zoyamba ndipo ambiri onse ndi mfundo za bungwe la mdziko, kuganizira monga lonse, ngakhale amene ali kumbali ina ya dziko.

M'malemba Plato mawu akuti "nzeru" - tanthawuzo zimene Yesu ndi ophunzira ake.

Ngati kalelo kunali ufulu wa chipembedzo ndi makhalidwe abwino, kenako kalekale "zinaphatikizidwa" ndi Chikhristu ndi zamulungu. Only mu masiku ano nzeru mu West chakhala ndi wopatulika kwa chipembedzo chodabwitsa ndi kamodzinso anayamba mwachangu kusuntha pafupi ndi sayansi.

Modern kudziwa nzeru

M'njira zamakono tanthauzo loyambirira la mawu anachoka ku maziko, ndiko kuti, alibenso funso nzeru. Tsopano nthaŵi zambiri monga sayansi kuti Maphunziro ambiri makhalidwe zenizeni za dziko ndi munthu.

Koma ngati tanthauzo ndi olondola: Nzeru - sayansi? Ena anzeru chiyani kuyesa kuyandikira sayansi, pogwiritsa ntchito sayansi njira ya nzeru, koposa zonse, ndi zomveka. Izi view amatchedwa scientism.

Pa nthawi yomweyo, ngakhale njira chakale chidziwitso nzeru si choncho chilengedwe ndipo sakudziwika ndi onse: ena anzeru kuweruza logic ndi chifukwa. Iwo nthaŵi zambiri M'malo mwake, kupasuka nzeru ndi sayansi. Izi malo wotchedwa antiscientism.

Mukhoza chimatanthauza nzeru mwa nkhani zake, koma pali osiyanasiyana. Mu zaka mazana makumi awiri, unakhala ambiri amaganiza kuti alibe mutu malo apadera (monga kuyenera amalanga zina). Iye ali sanali katswiri nkhani m'dera - padziko lonse lapansi lonse. Komanso kwambiri isiyana ndi nzeru za sayansi: chabe sangakhoze konse apadera.