SS asilikali: mbiri ndi zithunzi

Schutzstaffel, kapena Alonda detachment - monga Nazi Germany mu 1923-1945 gg. otchedwa SS asilikali, paramilitary Nazi Party (NSDAP). Ntchito yaikulu mayunitsi a nkhondowo pa siteji koyamba mapangidwe - msilikali wa mtsogoleri, Adolf Hitler.

asilikali SS: pachiyambi penipeni m'mbiri

Zonsezi zinayambira March 1923, pamene alonda ndi dalaivala wa Adolf Hitler, wopanga mawotchi ndi ntchito Emil Moris, pamodzi ndi ogulitsa katundu ofesi, ndipo ganyu ndale ndi Nazi Germany Yozefom Berhtoldom unakhazikitsidwa Munich, ndodo chitetezo. Cholinga cha utangoyamba dongosolo lomenyera nkhondo anali motetezera Mtsogoleri Adolf Hitler Nazi Party ku ngozi zotheka ndi provocations ndi zipani zina ndi magulu ena andale.

Pambuyo zoyambira odzichepetsa monga kasamalidwe chitetezo wagawo kwa NSDAP nkhondowo wagawo wakula mu Vaffen-kukolopa zida squadron zozitetezera. Maudindo ndi asilikali Vaffen-SS zinali zazikulu nkhondowo unit. Chiwerengero anali anthu oposa 950 zikwi okwana mayunitsi 38 nkhondowo inakhazikitsidwa.

Mowa Hall Putsch la Adolf Hitler ndi E. Ludendorff

"Bürgerbräukeller" - mowa nyumba Munich pa Rozenhaymershtrasse, 15. Area omwera kuloledwa kuchita kwa anthu 1830. Kuyambira masiku a Republic Weimar, chifukwa cha mphamvu zake, "Bürgerbräukeller" anakhala kudzachita wotchuka zochitika zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo wa khalidwe ndale.

Choncho, usiku 8 9 November 1923 mu holo ya omwera munali kupanduka, amene cholinga anali kulanda boma panopa Germany. Nkhani yoyamba anali mnzake wa Adolf Hitler pa maganizo a ndale Erich Friedrich Wilhelm Ludendorff, kutanthauza ndi zolinga zofanana ndi zolinga za kusonkhana uku. Kulinganiza chachikulu ndi inspirer ya mwambowu anali Adolf Hitler, ndi Nazi Party mtsogoleri - mnyamata Nazi Party. M'mawu ake kwa boma, anaitana mwankhanza kuononga adani ake onse National Socialist Party.

Kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha Beer Hall Putsch - kotero nkhani anakhala chochitika ndale - anadza kwa asilikali SS, lotsogoledwa nthawi msungichuma ndi mnzake wapamtima wa Mfumu J. Berchtold. Komabe, akuluakulu a German mukanatani mu nthawi kwa gulu la Nazi ndipo anatengedwa miyeso kuthetsa iwo. Adolf Hitler anatsutsika ndi kumangidwa ndi chipani NSDAP ku Germany anali oletsedwa. Kumene, sipafinikanso ndi ntchito zoteteza wa asilikali olondera kumene-zankhondo. SS asilikali (chithunzi anapereka m'nkhani) monga nkhondowo mapangidwe ndi "asilikali mantha", anali kusungunuka.

zosakhazikika Mtsogoleri

Anamasulidwa ku ndende mu April 1925, Adolf Hitler analamula wake anyamata chipani ndi msilikali Yu Shrek kupanga msilikali munthu. "Shock asilikali" mmalo kunapatsidwa kwa asilikali kale. Akusonkhanitsa anthu eyiti, Yu Shrek amalenga timu chitetezo. Pakutha 1925 chiwerengero cha nkhondowo mapangidwe anali pafupi anthu zikwi. Kuyambira tsopano, iwo amapatsidwa dzina la "SS asilikali Nazi Party."

Kuti agwirizane gulu SS NSDAP akhoza kukhala aliyense. Kuti ofuna kuti "aulemu" malo amene anali kuperekedwa zinthu amphamvu:

• zaka 25 mpaka zaka 35;
• Malawi m'dera la osachepera zaka 5;
• pali guarantors awiri kuchokera pakati pa mamembala a chipani;
• thanzi labwino;
• mwambo;
• wabwinobwino.

Komanso, kuti akhale membala wa chipani ndi moyenera, SS msilikali, phungu anali kutsimikizira kuti iwo ali apamwamba a mtundu Aryan. Amenewa anali malamulo a SS boma (Schutzstaffel).

Maphunziro ndi maphunziro

Waffen SS asilikali adatenga malo maphunziro yoyenera ankhondo, zomwe zinachitikadi mu magawo angapo ndipo miyezi itatu. Zolinga zazikulu za tamaliza maphunziro a analembedwa kumene usilikali anali:

• kwambiri thupi olimba ;
• chidziwitso cha manja ang'ono ndi chuma wangwiro;
• indoctrination ndale.

Kuphunzira luso la nkhondo kunali kovuta kwambiri kuti munthu mmodzi yekha pa anthu atatu akhoza kukathera kupita mtunda wonse. Pambuyo zofunika kulemba anthu usilikali maphunziro anatumizidwa ku sukulu zapadera pamene analandira mapangidwe zina lolingana mtundu osankhidwa a armament.

pophunzitsidwa zina nzeru asilikali ankhondo zinali zochokera osati pa ukatswiri wa asilikali, komanso kukhulupirirana ndi kulemekezana pakati pa ofuna mu alonda kapena asilikali. Apa ife ankasiyana asilikali Wehrmacht kwa asilikali SS, amene amapereka patsogolo chilango okhwima ndi kukhwimitsa mfundo yolekanitsa akapitawo ndi amuna.

Mkulu watsopano mayunitsi a nkhondowo

Kumene analenga makamu payekha, amene ankasiyana kudzipereka wopanda ndipo sanakhulupirike kwa Mfumu, Adolf Hitler Ufumuyo lofunika kwambiri. The maloto yaikulu ya mtsogoleri wa Nazi ku Germany anali cholengedwa cha mapangidwe osankhika, wokhoza kuchita ntchito iliyonse imene imakhudza iwo ndi Party wa Nazi. Kuti tichite zimenezi chofunika mtsogoleri amene angachite ndi ntchito imeneyi. Choncho, mu January 1929, malangizo a Hitler Reichsfuhrer SS Heinrich Luitpold Himmler anakhala wa athandizi Hitler okhulupirika mu ulamuliro wa Hitler. Personal wantchito nambala ya SS latsopano mkulu - 168.

ntchito monga mutu wa anthu osankhika unit wa bwana watsopano anayamba ndi kumanga mfundo ogwira. Osauka amafuna watsopano ogwira, Heinrich Himmler chitakonzedwa msilikali wa nkhondowo mapangidwe theka. SS Reichsfuhrer panokha maola kuphunzira zithunzi za ziwalo ndi mamembala phungu wa SS, kupeza zolakwa zawo "chiyero mafuko." Koma posakhalitsa, chiwerengero cha asilikali ndi alonda SS kuchuluka kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa pafupifupi 10 nthawi. kupambana amenewa SS mkulu anafika kwa zaka ziwiri.

Chifukwa cha kutchuka kwa Waffen-SS anakula kwambiri. Zinali Heinrich Himmler amatamanda ndi analembedwa wotchuka kuwolowa manja bwino kuti mafilimu onse za Great kukonda dziko lako nkhondo - "Heil Hitler," ndi kukweza dzanja lamanja molunjika pa makona a 45º. Komanso, kuthokoza kwa Reichsfuhrer anali akweza mawonekedwe a asilikali Wehrmacht (kuphatikizapo SS), chimene chinafika mpaka kugwa kwa Nazi Germany mu May 1945.

Dongosolo la Mfumu

ulamuliro wa Schutzstaffel (SS) wakula kwambiri chifukwa malamulo la Fuehrer. Mu lofalitsidwa kuti akunena kuti palibe ali ndi ufulu kupereka malangizo kwa asilikali ndi akapitawo a SS, kuwonjezera mabwana awo mwamsanga. Komanso, anali analimbikitsa mayunitsi onse SA, kumenya asilikali, lotchedwa "Brownshirts" munjira ina iliyonse kuti muthandize malembedwe aantchito wa SS Army, kupereka yotsirizira ndi asilikali awo bwino.

Yunifolomu ya Waffen SS

Kuyambira tsopano Fomu SS msilikali anali ndinasintha osiyana troopers zovala namondwe (SA), mabungwe a chitetezo (DS) ndi ena mayunitsi kuphatikiza mikono ya ulamuliro wa Hitler. Chinthu chapadera cha yunifolomu lankhondo la SS anali:

• wakuda jekete ndi thalauza wakuda;
• shati yoyera;
• kapu wakuda ndi tayi wakuda.

Komanso, pa malaya kumanzere kwa jekete ndi / kapena jekete tsopano kuzitambasula digito chidule zikusonyeza amayanjana ndi makamaka muyezo wa Waffen SS. Chiyambireni cha nkhondoyi ku Ulaya mu 1939, yunifolomu SS wa asilikali anayamba mutate. kukhazikitsa okhwima madongosolo a Heinrich Himmler pa mitundu umodzi wakuda ndi woyera, anasiyana payekha asilikali msilikali Adolf Hitler kuchokera ophatikizana manja mtundu formations ena Nazi anali poslableno angapo.

Party fakitale yopanga mayunifolomu a asilikali chifukwa wakewo yaikulu, zinali amalephera kupereka mayunitsi onse a SS yunifolomu. Asilikali akufuna kusintha mabaji a Schutzstaffel ndi kuphatikiza manja kupanga Wehrmacht.

tithe asilikali a Waffen SS

Mofanana ndi wagawo nawo nkhondo, SS asilikali pali utsogoleri wolowezana musachoke m'gulu lankhondo. Pansipa pali tebulo poyerekeza a maudindo lofanana servicemen ya Soviet Army, ndi Wehrmacht ndi Waffen SS.

Usilikali udindo wapamwamba mu ankhondo osankhika Adolf Hitler anali Reichsfuehrer SS, zomwe mpaka May 23, 1945 a Genrihu Gimmleru, zomwe zinagwirizana ndi kulamulira kwa Union a Soviet Red Army.

Mphotho ndipo kusiyana mu SS

Asilikali ndi akuluakulu a anthu osankhika wagawo wa Waffen SS anapatsidwa malamulo, mendulo yaulemu ndi zizindikiro zina za kusiyana, komanso asilikali a mayunitsi ena lankhondo la asilikali a Nazi Germany. Panali ochepa mphoto chosiyana amene anayamba mwachindunji ndi "asokonezeka" wa Mfumu. Zikuphatikizapo mendulo kwa 4 ndi 8 zaka a utumiki osankhika unit wa Adolf Hitler, ndi mtanda wapadera ndi swastika, amene anaperekedwa kwa SS 12 ndi zaka 25 za utumiki wodzipereka kwa Mtsogoleri wake.

Ana auzimu okhulupirika a Mtsogoleri wawo

Flashback SS msilikali: "Kupita mfundo takhala ntchito, kukhulupirika ndi ulemu. chitetezo National ndi Ndikugwira - izi ndi makhalidwe chachikulu kuti tiphunzire. Anatithamangitsa uphe anthu onse amene anali kutsogolo kwa mbiya ya mfuti wathu. Kumverera chisoni sayenera kusiya lalikulu German msilikali kapena mkazi, kupempha chifundo, kapena maso ana. Ife anauzira Mwambi: ". Tengani imfa ndi kubweretsa imfa" Imfa wamba. Asilikali anadziwa kuti kupereka yekha ngati nsembe, mwakutero anathandiza Wamkulu Germany polimbana ndi mdani wodziwika, chikominisi. Ife adadzikweza ankhondo a tsogolo la dziko osankhika a Hitler. "

mawu awa wa mmodzi wa asilikali wakale wa dziko la ulamuliro wa Hitler, wamba oyenda wagawo SS Gustav Frank, chozizwitsa anapulumuka pambuyo Nkhondo ya Stalingrad ndipo anagwidwa ndi Russian. Kaya anali mawu a chisoni kapena losavuta unyamata wofuna kudzionetsera makumi awiri Nazi? Lero n'zovuta kunena.

Mayesedwe a amathandiza Nazi Germany

Pa mayesero Nuremberg alonda ndi asirikali a Wehrmacht ndi SS adatsutsidwa monga mamembala a gulu la zigawenga, kotero anamenyela otchulidwa kumenyana mphamvu Ankawaphwanyira ufulu nawo ena a mdziko awo akale nkhondoyo.

Komabe, German SS asilikali amene zaka pa nthawi ya Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World chiyani musalumphe zaka 18, anamasulidwa ku uchimo ndi chothetsera maganizo a anthu ochepa msilikali wa.

Dziwani kuti chibwenzi, dongosolo la kuphunzitsa asilikali a Waffen-SS lalandiridwa m'magulu ano m'mayiko ena a ku Ulaya ndi ku United States.