St. Alexander Nevsky. Icon wa Aleksandra Nevskogo. zithunzi pamanja Orthodox

Chinthu chofunika kwambiri mapangidwe malingaliro zimene zangochitika makamaka kapena munthu mbiri yake chithunzi luso. Ndi chifukwa chake mu Mpingo Orthodox amamangiriridwa kufunika kwambiri kwa mafano. Iwo tionetseni guises woyera, Kusinthidwa, ŵakusanga kutali madding khamu. Amenewa zikuoneka kuti ife chizindikiro cha Prince Aleksandra Nevskogo - wamphamvu wankhondo, wotetezera wa dziko Russian.

Childhood ndi unyamata Prince

Moyo Aleksandra Nevskogo, wasenza pambuyo kupeza thupi lake wokoma 1380, komanso a mbiri yakale amasonyeza kuti woyera tsogolo anabadwa May 30, 1220 mu Pereslavl. bambo ake anali Prince Yaroslav (mu ubatizo Theodore), ndipo mayi ake - Ryazan Mfumukazi Theodosia Igorevna. Pamene mnyamatayo anali ndi zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri, bambo lace kulamulira Novgorod waukulu umene adatenga ndi Alexander. Kuyambira ali mwana, Prince anaphunzira kukambirana luso ndi zaka chosakwanira khumi ndi bambo ake, anapita kunkhondo wake woyamba pa Emajõgi mtsinje (womwe masiku Estonia).

Guardian wa Land Russian

Posakhalitsa anafika imodzi mwa nthawi yovuta kwambiri m'mbiri ya Russia. Kuchokera kummawa, kuchokera kuthengo Mongolian steppes, anali kuyandikira gulu la wongosamukasamuka, ndi kumadzulo atalanda khamu Germany. zinali yovuta, koma, ngati izo zinachitika mu nthawi ya mbiri yathu, Ambuye wandituma Russian nthaka mtetezi ndi Mpulumutsi. Anakhala Alexander Nevsky, chizindikiro umene nthawi anauziridwa kumenyana ndi adani a mibadwo yambiri ya asilikali Russian.

Kugonjetsedwa kwa Swedish ndi German ankhondowo

zochita zake choyamba chinali chachikulu kugonjetsedwa mu 1240, asilikali a Sweden atalanda m'kamwa mwa Neva, ndipo zoti titenge Ladoga. Prince sanali pa nthawi imeneyo simudafikire zaka makumi awiri, koma, mwamphamvu modalira Mulungu ndi odzazidwa ndi kulimbika, iye ndi asilikali ake inapha linagonja pankhondo Scandinavians. Pokumbukira mlingo umenewu wa anthuwo anayamba kulemekeza wake Aleksandrom Nevskim.

Asilikali a Sweden anachita, koma anali Ankhondo German amene anagwira bonnet wake, ndipo mu 1242 ndipo Pskov. Alexander, pa mutu wa makamu ambiri, anamasula mzinda, ndipo m'chaka cha chaka kuti anagonjetsa Akhristu pa ayezi mwa nyanja Peipus, mu nkhondo omwe anapita uko mu mbiri monga Nkhondo ya Ice. mapemphero ake kwa Utatu Woyera ndi anamanganso mmikono Latins anali kwathunthu achotsedwa dziko Russian.

Zokambirana pa gulu ndiponso moona imfa ya Prince

Moyo Aleksandra Nevskogo likutionetsera ife ndi chithunzi cha osati mkulu mantha, komanso nthumwi anzeru. Kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha malire a kumadzulo a boma, iwo anazindikira kuti nkhondo momasuka ndi Khan Batu, amene lotsogoleredwa ndi Chitata khamu, pa nthawi anali zoopsa chifukwa Russia, ngakhale nayo nthawi kusonkhanitsa mphamvu zanu pambuyo nkhondo yapita.

Alexander anapita kanayi pa Golden gulu ndi zokambirana ndi, chifukwa cha zomwe osati anakwanitsa kutenga nkhondo, komanso anafesa kusagwirizana pakati pa mdani, kuti mbali yaikulu ya asilikali Khan ndi ogwirizana ake.

Iye anamwalira kwa Ambuye Alexander Nevsky November 14, 1263 mu Gorodets kubwerera ku gulu. zofuna zake wotsiriza unali kuyamba chithunzithunzi kumene kumakhala Amonke, komwe adalandira dzina la Alexis. Pambuyo pa imfa ya thupi mwachilungamo masiku asanu ndi anayi pambuyo adaperekedwa kwa Vladimir, ndi anthu pa nthawi yomweyo zonse umboni kusowa kwake zizindikiro za ziphuphu.

Canonization ndi zithunzi oyambirira

kukumbukira anthu a ntchito ulemerero wa kalonga ankakhala ku tsiku la imfa yake, koma kulambira wopembedza adatsata kupeza zinthu zakale wokoma 1380. Mwalamulo, iye canonized zana ndi theka pambuyo pake, mu ulamuliro wa Ivana Groznogo.

Mwa zikalata wa bungwe Moscow mu 1547 ndi yankho, chimene, mwa oyeramtima canonized Chinawonjezeka ndi Alexander Nevsky. zithunzi zojambulidwa pa nthawi oyambirira, ndi kum'patsa mu zovala kumene kumakhala Amonke, kupanga Choncho kutsindika pa monasticism, anatengera pa mapeto a moyo. Malipenga mbali makamaka zinthu zauzimu olephera wake.

Komabe, pali chizindikiro chimodzi, olembedwa zaka zana pamaso zochitika - "Nkhondo ya ku Novgorod ndi Suzdal", umene uli kale ndi kampira oyera mozungulira mutu ukufanizidwa ndi Prince Alexander Nevsky. Zizindikiro monga izi ndi kachitidwe koyamba boma la canonization, ankaziona kuti yovomerezeka, ndipo masiku awa a m'chipani kwambiri. Mu nkhani ya chithunzi alipo ndi mfundo ina chidwi - akuonetsedwa pa izo chochitika zinachitika yaitali asanabadwe Aleksandra Nevskogo, amene ayenera kutsindika timelessness aliko wa woyera uyu wa Mulungu.

Zizindikiro nyengo Pre-Peter

Kukula kwambiri iconography ake alandira kale m'zaka za m'ma XVI, pambuyo Council Moscow, ndi unapita mu mbali ziwiri. Iwo bwino anakonza m'mawu ake, Metropolitan John (Sychev). Anatsindika kuti chipulumutso cha Russia woyera Prince mofanana anatumikira ndipo monga wankhondo wolimba mtima ndipo ndinali mmonke odzichepetsa.

Iko kunali kutanthauzira kumene kumakhala Amonke la fano, zinkachitika mu zizindikiro za nthawi chisanadze Petrine. Mwachitsanzo, chizindikiro cha St. Alexander Nevsky a Novgorod Sofia tchalitchi ndi m'manja mwa kalonga atanyamula mpukutu, limene lolembedwa adzaitana kuopa Mulungu ndi malamulo Ake. Pamodzi ndi Alexander akuonetsedwa woyera: John Abraham ndi Rostov.

Icon wa St. Vasiliya Blazhennogo

Imodzi mwa ntchito chapadera cha luso lakalekale ndi fano hagiographic wa St. Aleksandra Nevskogo, limene lili mu Moscow, pa wotchuka St. Vasiliya Blazhennogo. Pa ukufanizidwa mu matchalitchi amene amati ndi Prince kudzipatula ataima pa msinkhu wathunthu, mu manja dalitso vozdevshego dzanja. Ichi ndi chithunzi zachilendo kwambiri Aleksandra Nevskogo.

Mtengo wake kwagona kuti manyazi zokhudzana ndi gawo chapakati cha zikuchokera lili osati zochitika zenizeni za Mkulu wa moyo, komanso anthu amene anachitika nthawi. Anthu a ankapenta izi wosaoneka akuona pamaso pa Alexander ndi zothandizira mipingo yawo wake wakumwamba. Pakati zithunzi izi - ndi Kulikov nkhondo, ndi kulimbana ndi Crimea Khan Giray, ndi zambiri. Tikutero makamaka kwa chigawo cha uzimu cha moyo wa Prince zinazo, ndipo ikusonyeza kutumikira Mulungu ndi Mpingo.

nyengo Petra Velikogo Zithunzi

Wachibadidwe anasintha kutanthauzira kwa fano iconographic wa Aleksandra Nevskogo mu ulamuliro wa Peter I. Tsar-wokonzanso mwaganizapo yekha m'malo mwa nkhondo yolimbana ndi mitundu yonse ya kuwonjezeka mlendo. Monga chizindikiro cha kulambiridwa zozama za kuloŵedwa lake laulemerero, anakhazikitsa mu 1710 ku St. Petersburg Woyera Utatu Alexander Nevsky ansembe yotchedwa lomwe kenako analandira udindo wa Lavra.

Kuti anatengedwa zotsalira za Prince St. Vladimir. Pa nthawi yomweyo chikalata wapadera wa Synod analamula kuti apitirize womuimira pa mafano zovala zankhondo, ndi mfuti mu miinjiro achifumu ndi ermine padded. Choncho, ankalimbikitsa ankatembenukira kwa anamanganso wauzimu zogonjetsa asilikali, anapanga wotchuka dzina lake Aleksandr Nevsky. Zizindikiro kuchokera nthawi imeneyo ndipo sanalinso umaimiridwa ndi mmonke odzichepetsa ndiponso wankhondo aakulu, kumbuyo lawo lapansi.

Icon Painting azimuth zotsatirazi zaka

yapadera ya wopatulika kalonga Alexander Nevsky ntchito mu XIX atumwi, imene mpando wachifumu Russian, anapita atatu la mfumu, amene anavala dzina lake ndi kunena naye monga woyang'anira woyera awo. Nthawi imeneyi lidalembedwa ambiri zithunzi za kalonga, chitukuko kopitirira mzere iconographic anayamba m'nyengo ya Petra Velikogo.

Kumapeto kwa XIX - oyambirira XX m'ma kupenta Russian zachitika otchedwa achipembedzo ndi dziko kalembedwe. Nakhudza ndi iconography. nthumwi zake kwambiri wa zitsulo VM Vasnetsov, amene analenga yaikulu luso fano kwa Prince Vladimir Cathedral ku Kiev, ndi MV Nesterov, utoto mafano Mpingo wa Mpulumutsi pa Magazi mu St. Petersburg. Mbali yoyamba dzina lake Aleksandr Nevsky anapereka bogatyrom epic, pamene lachiwiri - mmonke odzichepetsa.

Akachisi anamangidwira pomulemekeza

Kukumbukira St. Prince ndiwo zomangamanga mpingo. lero basi Moscow, pa mphambano ya Alexandrovka ndi Novokryukovskoy, akukonzekera kutsegula zitseko zake kwa yomangidwa kumene parishi ya Alexander Nevsky. akuimanga kale anayamba kutseka pansi. Ndipo iye yekha mu likulu. mpingo wina wa Alexander Nevsky ukugwira ntchito pa University MGIMO - Institute of Relations International. N'zolimbikitsa kwambiri kuti oimira mtsogolo ophunzitsidwa ndi oleredwa Mwachitsanzo, kotero woyenera kutsanzira.

Kachisi wa Prince Woyera zinamangidwa kale m'mizinda yosiyanasiyana. Izi St. Petersburg ndi Riga, ndi Tula. Yapadera cholembedwa ndi tchalitchi mu Nizhny Novgorod, inamangidwa m'chaka cha 1858 ndipo lero kwawo atatha zaka za makani kulibe Mulungu. chizindikirochi mu Aleksandra Nevskogo Cathedral mzinda uwu Volga ulemu monga zozizwitsa.

Mtengo wa St. Prince lero

Kodi zikutanthauza kuti mbiri yathu Woyera Prince Alexander Nevsky, zithunzi tiri pafupi kwambiri ku mtima uliwonse patriot zoona? Mwachionekere, kwambiri, chifukwa zabwino pa zaka zovuta nkhondo, choncho akufunika waluntha filimu Sergeya Eyzenshteyna za ngwazi yadziko, wopambana wa ku Germany pa ayezi mwa nyanja Chud, anapereka asilikali mphamvu yatsopano, kuthyola achifasizimu. dzina lake - mbendera kwa anthu onse amene anatuluka nkhondo dzikolakwathu, ndi pemphero ft wake - chitsanzo cha kukhulupirira thandizo ndi chitetezero cha Utatu Woyera.

Wokhulupirira woona aliyense ali ndi funso za momwe, kodi ndi momwe angatetezere chizindikiro angamvetsere molondola, kuti limalangiza maganizo athu ndi kukhumba moona mtima kwa Mulungu - Mlengi ndi muweruzi malo anthu ndi mtetezi ku mavuto. Izi ndi zoona mwamtheradi. Ndipo chizindikiro Aleksandra Nevskogo, mu mpingo kapena kunyumba kulalikira kwa ife mfundo wosatha wa si kuchepa mphamvu - chikhulupiriro Orthodox ndi chikondi kwa dziko, ndipo ilo liri, naika chipulumutso chathu.