The amenewa ya White Sea. malo Geographical, makhalidwe a White Sea

White Nyanja, imene mibadwo yosiyana otchedwa odzola, North, Solovki ndi modekha amatanthauza Ocean Arctic mbali European la Russia. Mu Scandinavia wakale anamutcha Gandvik, amene anawamasulira amatanthauza "Bay wa njoka."

History of anapeza

Nyanja beseni wakhala kuyambira cha m'ma 11 pa makadi. Pa nthawi imeneyo, anthu a Novgorod, zinali zofunika kwambiri pa maganizo a zamalonda navigation. chakuti mu nkhalango ozungulira anthu nyama zambiri ubweya wopatsa. Posakhalitsa anayamba kuoneka pa gombe m'mudzi wa alenje, amene yomweyo anagulitsa chikopa ndi kupanga nyama tidapita kutali amalonda. Mu 1490s oyambirira mkulu wa Tsar Ivan III inamangidwa ndi wamalonda zombo ndi doko lonse. Kwenikweni zombo anatumizidwa ku gombe la Denmark ndi kumbuyo.

Posachedwapa, pa White Nyanja anayamba zimadutsa Chingelezi ndi zombo Dutch. Iwo anali ndi wamalonda zombo, ndi kutumiza. Mmodzi wa iwo anali m'chombo, "Edward Bonaventure" pansi pa zothandizira mipingo yawo kwa Mfumu ya Great Britain Edward VI. Pakati pa 1550 ku Moscow ndi London anakhazikitsa pafupi asapita malonda. Patapita zaka zingapo Nyanja White wakhala mmodzi wa matawuni akuluakulu msika wa Russia. The Dutch, British ndi Danes nthawi zonse anapanga ulendo wautali kuti kugombe la kuthetsa atsopano otchedwa Kholmogory. Kenako mudziwo anadzatchedwa mu Arkhangelsk. Ngakhale amalonda yachilendo ziphuphu ndi tsitsi wotchipa, masikolala ndi ofufuza chidwi mu amenewa otsika kwambiri a White Sea. Komabe, mbali ya ulendo kwambiri kwa chaka kobvuta amphamvu ayezi kulowerera.

Kufotokozera madzi

Kuya pafupifupi ya White Nyanja zimasiyanasiyana mamita 50 200. Shoal ikusonyezedwa mu Onega ndi Dvina kumalo kumpoto kwa beseni ndi. Mfundo kuya - mamita 340. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti Nyanja White ali m'dera laling'ono mwa kutsuka mbale Russia. Dera lomwe limafotokoza kuli ndi malire 90 okha zikwi makilomita lalikulu Pa nthawi yomweyo m'madzi pali zilumba zambiri sing'anga-kakulidwe, mwachitsanzo, Solovetsky.

Mitsinje yaikulu loyenda mu White Nyanja, naperekanso Mezenov, Ponoyu, Kem, Onega ndi kumpoto Dvina. madzi malire akuti ndi mzere wa kulekana wa Kanin Peninsula ndi Kola. Madoko aakulu Byelomorsk, Arkhangelsk, Kem, Onega, Kandalaksha, Mezen ndi Severodvinsk. Bay njoka za madzi m'zigawozo Russia. Pool anapereka Khwalala mmero, Onega ndi Dvina mlomo Gulf wa Kandalaksha.

Mbali iliyonse ya gombe ali dzina lakelake: Terek, Karelian, Chilimwe, Kanin, Zima, Abramovskiy, Lyamitsky, Konushinsky ndi zina ..

Kutentha ndi amenewa a thamanda

The madzi mu White Nyanja ndi zonse ozizira, choncho ali osavomerezeka kusambira popanda maphunziro apadera ndi zida izo. Kutentha padziko zimasiyanasiyana -1 digiri +14.

White Nyanja m'nyengo yozizira kwakukulukulu yokutidwa ndi nkhungu wosanjikiza ayezi. Kuwonjezeka kutentha kwa madzi kokha kuchokera May kwa August. M'nthawi ya chilimwe, kanjedza kuuka kwa madigiri 16 m'chigawo chapakati cha beseni ndi. Pa akuya mamita 50 kutentha likhalebe pafupi ziro. The amenewa ya White Nyanja amagwirizana ndi yeniyeni hydrological boma. Chifukwa inflow lalikulu la mitsinje ndi pansi, ndi mlingo osachepera kuwombola ndi Barents Bay desalination ntchito kwambiri kuposa dziwe. Choncho, amenewa ya White Nyanja ndi za 26 ppm. M'madera ena, chithunzi ichi alibe upambana mlingo wa 18 ppm. Pa mamita 100 kuya amenewa ya White Nyanja ukufika 31 ppm. chifukwa stagnation ndi desalination akatswiri anaitana beseni wozungulira woboola pakati.

deta Hydrological ndi nyengo

Pa White Nyanja mafunde likukhudza kuchuluka kwa madzi mu chosambira ndi Barents lomwe lili ndi khalidwe theka-diurnal. The inflow kwambiri noticeable kuti ndi estuary Semzha ndi Mezen Bay. Kumeneko, madzi limatuluka kuti mamita 7. Mafunde pafupifupi White Nyanja zimasiyanasiyana 0,6 3 m.

Beseni amalembedwa ndi mikuntho kawirikawiri. M'dzinja yoweyula kutalika kungakhale kwa mamita 6. Panthawi zosiyanasiyana pa chaka pa kunyanja ya kum'mawa ndi kum'mwera kumadzulo mphepo, koma ambiri amayambira kumpoto ndi gusts amphamvu. Kutanthauza uyenderere zochitika akubwera kugwa mu ukulu wa 1 mita. Kwambiri pachaka nyanja ali ndi ayezi. Limatsogolera chikuchitika kwa May kwa June, ndi kokha pa mapeto a July ndi August, kutentha madzi limakupatsani kusambira mofulumira kapena mwakachetechete kutenga kukwera pa bwato. Komabe, ngakhale chilimwe, kumpoto cha m'dera kukhalabe akuyandama ayezi makulidwe mpaka masentimita 40.

chuma dziwe

Nyanja White wolemera mankhwala nsomba ndi Seaweed. M'zaka zaposachedwapa, kupanga nyama amphibious wakhala kusintha. madzi ambiri hering'i, duwa m'nyanja zikuluzikulu whitefish, nsomba, fulonda, smelt ndi m'nyanja zikuluzikulu. Mwa nyama abomawo chiphatso kusaka kwa zisindikizo, zisindikizo ringed ndi beluga zinsomba. Kumpoto kwa anthu am'deralo beseni kuwombera gavok ndi seagulls. Kuchokera algae mtengo tingaone fucus ndi kelp. Komanso moyo pano bivalves.

Osati mfundo mafakitale view amakopa Nyanja White? Resources kwenikweni umaimiridwa ndi mchere ngati, monga mchenga, miyala, chipolopolo ndi nsangalabwi. Ndi posachedwapa, Akatswiriwa anapeza pa nyanja wapatali tinatake tozungulira ferromanganese.