Ali Kandalaksha Bay? Kufotokozera, zizindikiro zithunzi

Ali Kandalaksha Bay? Iwo lili kumpoto cha kumadzulo kwa White Nyanja, pakati pa gombe kum'mwera kwa Kola Peninsula (Kandalaksha gombe) ndi gombe la Karelia. Kutalika kwa malo madzi a 185 Km, ndipo pakhomo m'lifupi ndi 67 Km. Gulf Shores, popangidwa 10 chikwi. Zaka zapitazo, pambuyo pa mthunzi wa glacier, kwambiri kuligaŵa ndi fjords yaing'ono (milomo), madzi pali mazana a zilumba zing'onozing'ono, ndi zilumba ndipo ambiri miyala m'madzi.

mbali

Mu Kandalaksha Bay ili mbali kuya kwa White Sea. Kukulitsa ndi mamita 200 pansi juts kuchokera m'dera nyanja. Malowa zimangochitika pakati pa Bay lapansi. Mu dera la kumadzulo kwa maganizo izi kuya maganizo (343 m). Komabe, akuya kwambiri kupatulapo kuposa ulamuliro. Kukula pafupifupi m'dera madzi pafupifupi 20 m, gombe izo penapake amachepetsa, nufikira 10 mamita osaya littoral -. Iwo akhoza kukhala Kandalakshsky Bay anafotokoza. Hot amatuluka zambiri zinkachitikira 1.8-2 m, koma palinso amene kukwaniritsa 3 m. Tidala yoweyula amapita ku Belomorian pakhosi, anakafika kum'mwera ndi kumadzulo. Pa pafupifupi chilimwe kutentha madzi ukufika 14-15 ° C, ang'onoang'ono madzi chobisa kumalo akhoza analimbikitsa 25 ° C.

mbali nyengo

Nyengo ya Gulf ndi osalimba kwambiri, nyengo kusintha kwambiri chifukwa kayendedwe ka zowononga ndi kusintha pafupipafupi malangizo mphepo. Mphamvu ya Gulf Stream kusonkhezera m'chigawo, pamlingo wocheperapo kusiyana ndi Murmansk gombe. Avereji ya July kutentha - 13-14 ° C, mu February - kuchokera -10 ° C kwa -12 ° C. Osazizira nthawi kumatenga masiku 110-120. Kandalaksha Bay ali ndi ayezi m'chaka ozizira m'ma October, pa ofunda - ngakhale mu December ndi January oyambirira. Kusungunuka amatenga malo mu May.

Kukula kwa gombe

Area wa Kola Peninsula anali wokhalamo anthu atangochoka limatsogolera wa glacier - mu VII-VI Zakachikwi BC. e., mu Mesolithic. Pa Gulf pa malo yakale pofukula pachibwenzi ku oyambirira Iron Age. Pa Nyamuliranani Island mu XVII-XVIII zaka Siliva ncho, koma nkhokwe zake ang'onoang'ono. Industrial chitukuko linayamba kumanga 1915-1916 wa Murmansk sitima. Pa magombe mu zaka 1910-1938 anali kugwira ntchito yodula mitengo. Tsopano kudutsa Kandalaksha Bay unachitikira yofunika zoyendera njira zimene zichita mafuta ndi katundu wina. Major doko Kandalaksha ili pa nsonga ya kumadzulo ya m'deralo.

m'dera

Mu 1932 izo analengedwa mu madzi a Gulf ndi zilumba kuteteza misa kukaikira mazira eider Kandalaksha Reserve. M'tsogolo, kukula kwa malo otetezedwa kuchuluka, kufika mpaka 70 chikwi. Mahekitala. Nsomba m'madzi inaletsedwa mu 1957. Pakati pa zipilala chilengedwe cha gombe ndi zilumba ndi lotulukira pamwamba pa dziko lapansi miyala wakale, zaka 3 biliyoni. Zaka.

Features

Gulf Shores ndi mkulu ndi miyala, kutalika pafupifupi wa miyala ya Karelian gombe - 100-300 m, ndi Kandalaksha -. 175-600 mamita amabwera ndipo amatha mu Kandalaksha Bay ndi khalidwe zina. Osefukira mtsinje amapita ku White Sea. Iwo ukusunthira kumpoto pa liwiro otsika. Ngati titsatira malangizo ake, ndiye zidzayambitsa mbali ya kum'mawa kwa dziko la Turiy. Amabwera chimachititsanso osefukira kumbuyo.

masamba dziko

madzi m'mphepete mwa nyanja makamaka yokutidwa nkhalango coniferous (makamaka paini), pa misanje m'malo otsika shrubbery. Pa gombe ndi zilumba kukula mitundu yoposa 630 ya zomera apamwamba, mlandu 55% ya zomera okwana dera Murmansk. Kandalaksha Bay ili ku mphambano za m'madera awiri floristic - Masewerera a Nordic ndi Arctic. malo ikupezeka 25 kuderako zomera, kuphatikizapo mpendadzuwa Arctic, mitundu isanu chithaphwi maluwa, mitundu iwiri ya Mumapezekanso, peony muzu wa Marin. Komanso pali malo mu nkhalango yokutidwa ndi slipper yamunthu (kuti mabuku awiri kapena atatu zikwi m'dera lina) ndi mitundu ina osowa wa maluwa - epipogium leafless.

dziko nyama

The zomera zikuphatikizapo mitundu 170 nyama, mitundu 240 ya mbalame (kuphatikizapo zosamukasamuka), mitundu iwiri ya zokwawa, ndi atatu - achule. Mwa nyama zikuluzikulu - mphalapala, chimbalangondo, amphaka, wolverine, nkhandwe. Ena zimbalangondo moyo pa zilumba, nthawi zonse ankawoloka pamwamba Kandalaksha Bay kusambira pa gombe. Small ogwirira: nkhandweyo, weasel, marten, weasel, ndinazoloŵera mu North America mink. Ubweya zobala nyama - kalulu, amene amakhala m'mbali mwa nyanja ndipo zilumba amenewa ndi muskrat, okhala nyanja. Mu madzi a Gulf wa moyo hares nyanja ndi zisindikizo ringed. Mulinso mitundu ina ya mbalame kutchulidwa Red Book, pali woyera-tailed mphungu, golide mphungu, kabawi, osprey, kestrel, kadzidzi, achisanu kadzidzi, lachikasu billed abakhawa, chiswankhono crested, barnacle tsekwe, swans whooper komanso wosalankhula, imvi Kireni.

Mu Kandalaksha Bay zimapezeka mitundu 30 ya nsomba, koma ndi ochepa. Nthawi zambiri, anapeza White Nyanja m'nyanja zikuluzikulu spawning malo mu chilumbachi ndi White Nyanja hering'i. Pakamwa pa mitsinje anthu fulonda pansi panyanja - fulonda kumalo ozizira. Mu nyanja chikugwirizana ndi nyanja, moyo mumapezeka nsomba ndi zofiirira mumapezeka nsomba, yotsirizira akudyetsedwa kwa nthawi yaitali mu madzi nyanja.