"The nthano za kuwonongedwa kwa ryazan": mwachidule. Zabodza mbiri

"The nthano za kuwonongedwa kwa ryazan", mwachidule zomwe ndife chidwi - izo Mbiri mankhwala. Mlembi Unknown limatiuza za mavuto oopsa amene anachitika 1237. Tikumbukenso kuti chibwenzi, asayansi afufuza chipilala mabuku, anapeza mabuku 11 a ntchito. Iwo akuimira mu mndandanda kuposa makumi asanu.

Kodi mankhwala?

mafunso ofunika lokuta "nthano za kuwonongedwa kwa ryazan". Chidule chake timapereka kale kunena mawu ochepa za tanthauzo la ntchito imeneyi. Mlembi osadziwika anatha imodzi kusonyeza ndipo anthu chisoni ndi mavuto aakulu, kuti chifukwa cha kugawikana kwa Russia, ndi olimba mtima, asilikali wamba ndi akalonga, asilikali Russian mantha nkhope ya imfa. Cholinga chachikulu cha ntchito imeneyi ndi monga alemekezeke olimba ndi mtima wa zokometsera wa Ryazan molimba mtima kukumanizana mdani. nkhani zonsezi ochiritsira kwa nthawi. Literature of Ancient Lazaro si wolemera kwambiri mawu maganizo. Komabe, wapatali chifukwa anasonyeza chi. Literature of Ancient Lazaro kutiuza kuti maganizo dziko la makolo athu kutali, zimautsa nkhani zimene zinali zogwirizana kwambiri pa nthawiyo. Izi ndi zosangalatsa. Zambiri mabuku a mbiri yakale Sizingathe kusonyeza mzimu wa nthawi, zikhoza kuchita izo mabuku okha.

wolemba amalankhula za chintchito chakwaniritsidwa Evpatii Kolovrat. Ndi detachment ka asilikali anaganiza motsutsana asilikali ambirimbiri Chitata. Komabe, ngakhale kusowa zoonekeratu chiwerengero cha alonda, anakwanitsa Yevpaty Chofunika - kubzala mantha chilengedwe mdani. Ngakhale Baty chidwi ndi kulimba mtima kwa Russian si mantha ya infa. Iwo sanali kusiya nkhondo mpaka kumapeto. asilikali Russian anasankha kufa ufulu kuposa kukhala kapolo Batu. Ndicho chimene anena wolemba amene analemba "Mbiri ya Chionongeko cha Ryazan Batu."

Chidule cha nkhaniyi: Nkhani kuyambira

Choncho, m'chaka cha 6745 ku chilengedwe (kubadwa kwa Kristu - mu 1237-m), zaka 12 pambuyo Ryazan ku Kherson zozizwitsa chizindikiro cha St. anagwidwa. Nicholas anabwera Russia gulu lalikulu la asilikali a Chitata. Iwo ankapita ndi Batu Khan. Onani kuti ntchito linalembedwa, kudalira mabuku a mbiri yakale. The Old Russian wolemba anafotokoza zimene zinachitika mu chenicheni. mankhwala zimagawidwa monga "Historical zopeka". wolemba recreates maonekedwe ndi zochitika za m'mbuyomu. mabuku mbiri zachokera deta mbiri, koma chikhalidwe cha zilandiridwenso ndi Kutulukira, popanda zomwe n'zosatheka kuti luso lake.

ima pafupi Ryazan dziko. Khan anatumiza nthumwi zake kuti Yuri Ingvarevich, Ryazan akalonga. Adafunsira msonkho malipiro kuchuluka kwa chakhumi cha chuma, kodi Ryazan dziko.

kalonga yomweyo anatumiza kwa Vladimir thandizo amithenga ake. Mzinda uno kulamulidwa ndi George Vsevolodovich. Komabe, iye sanayankhe kuitanako. Ndiye Yuri Ingvarevich anaitana akulu. Iye anamuitana kuti abale ake ndi akalonga ena. Pa msonkhanopo aganizire mmene pochepetsa mphatso Baty, kuti sanapite ku nkhondo dziko Russian.

Fedor si kugonjera Batu

Ryazan Prince Fedor mphatso anatumiza mwana wake, kuti Chitata khan. Baty anawalandira ndi monama analonjeza kuyamba nkhondo ndi Ryazan. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, anayamba amafuna aakazi ndi alongo a akalonga monga adzakazi. Mlendo chidwi Ryazan, wogwidwa ndi nsanje Khan anati Fedor Yurevich Ryazan mkazi wa m'badwo wachifumu. Komanso, ndi wokongola kwambiri kuposa akazi ena onse a mzinda.

Osaopa Batu Khan akatulukire kwa kalonga akufuna kubweretsa iye wolemekezeka. Komabe, Fedor Y. mopanda mantha anayankha, nanena kuti Akhristu cholakwika kuyendetsa akazi awo Mfumu oipa dama. Akazi ihnimi Baty zitero kokha pamene wakutheker kugonjetsa Russian. Ndiye Khan analamula asilikali kupha kalonga wopanduka, ndi onse anafika naye. Mitembo ya akufa, analamula kuponya zilombo zakutchire kuti analekanitsidwa.

Imfa ya mkazi wake ndi mwana wake Fedor

Komabe, pafupi mmodzi wa kalonga anatha kupulumuka. Anazemba anatenga mtembo wa Theodore, nampatsa dziko, ndipo anapita kwa kalonga Eupraxia, mkazi wake, nawawuza kuti mwamuna wake anamwalira. Atalandira chotero uthenga wachisoni, mwana wamkazi wa mfumu yekha anaponya pansi ku nsanja kwambiri ndipo anamwalira. Pa manja mwake iye ananyamula Ivan mwana wake amene anaphedwa, nayenso.

Yuri Ingvarevich wasankha kumumenya kwa mdani

zochitika zomvetsa chisoni akutiuza ife, "nthano za kuwonongedwa kwa ryazan". Ngwazi za nkhaniyo anayesetsa zonse kumenya nkhondo ndi mdani. Yuri Ingvarevich, Ryazan Prince (bambo Fedor a), kuphunzira zimene zinachitikira mwana wake kwa nthawi yaitali maliro ndi mkazi wake ndi banja lake. Pa imfa ya Fyodor anadandaula mzinda. Yuri Ingvarevich anaganiza kubwezera pa adani ake. Iye agumanikanambo anyankhondo. Choyamba, Yuri anatembenukira kwa Mulungu mu pemphero. Iye anafunsa kuti atithandize chiwonongeko cha adani. Pambuyo pake, kalonga anatembenukira kwa anthu ake. Iye anawauza kuti iwo anatenga kuchokera mmanja a Ambuye wabwino, kotero muyenera kukhala oleza mtima ndi zoipa. Bwino kupeza nokha ndi ulemerero wosatha ndi imfa kuposa kukhala pa chifundo cha akunja. Yuri Ingvarevich anati iye anali wokonzeka kuti kumwera chikho cha imfa onse chikhulupiriro Mkhristu, mpingo ndi dziko Ingvar Svyatoslavich Mulungu, Grand Duke.

Ryazan kalonga amapita ku tchalitchi anapemphera Nikolayu Chudotvortsu pano, komanso Boris ndi Gleb, amene anali wachibale. Ndiye iye anati tiwonana kwa mkazi wake ndipo anatenga ansembe kuwadalitsa. Prince anapita pa ntchito yochotsa asilikali a Batu.

Yuri Ingvarevich nkhondo ndi Batu

nkhondo kunachitika m'malire Ryazan. Iye anali waukali ndi yaitali. Palo ambiri Tartar asilikali, mantha ndi Batu.

Komabe, asilikali ake kwambiri laling'onolo kumuwombera Ryazan kalonga. Mlembi Unknown limanena kuti gulu lalikulu ndi losagonjetseka anali Batu. Moti munthu Ryazantsev kulimbana ndi masauzande a adani, ndipo awiriwo - ndi zikwi khumi. Nkhondoyi anaphedwa ndi Ryazan kalonga, ndi abale ake, ndipo ambiri asilikali ena, abwanamkubwa ndi akalonga. Komabe, osati za izi, "nthano za kuwonongedwa kwa ryazan". wolemba analemba kuti palibe asilikali Russian si mantha ya infa, Ine sanabweze - ndicho chofunika koposa. Ndipo nkhondo ya Batu inali ya machimo a chifuniro anthu a Mulungu.

Oleg Ingvarevich, mmodzi wa abale a kalonga, anatenga Chitata ku ukapolo. Iye anavulazidwa. Choyamba Batu ankafuna kupulumutsa Oleg Ingvarevich moyo ngati zimatengera chikhulupiriro chake. Komabe, kalonga anakana, kuitana yomweyo Khan mdani wa Chikhristu ndi wosakhulupirira. Batu anakwiya. Iye analamula kuti kuwaza powomba Oleg Ingvarevich.

Batu Umapeza mzinda Russian

Khan anapita pa dziko lapansi Russian. Asilikali ake anatentha mzindawu ndi kupha onse mopanda chifundo. Kotero ife inawonongeka Bel Pronsk, Izheslavets. Iwo anali kwathunthu ataphwasula pansi - pafupifupi onse okhala m'mizinda imeneyi anaphedwa. Kodi chinachitika ndi tsokali chifukwa cha machimo a anthu.

Monga wagwa Ryazan

Batu anabwera pansi makoma a Ryazan ndi ankhondo ake. Iye anazungulira mzindawo. Nkhondoyi inatenga masiku asanu. Khan asilikali m'malo mzake. Mwakhama nkhondo okhala mumzindawo. Ambiri a iwo anavulala ndipo ambiri anaphedwa. M'mawa, pa sikisi koloko, asilikali Batu anapita kumzinda ndi omenyerapo yamphongo, ndi magetsi masitepe ambirimbiri. December 21 adakhoza kutenga Ryazan.

Kupambana anapita ku tchalitchi. Panali mayi wa Prince wa Ryazan, ndi kalonga ena. Onse anali kudula ndi malupanga. Ansembe anaphedwa: malupanga kwa mdani, ndipo ambiri unatenthedwa mu mpingo. anthu a mumzindawo awonongedwe, kuphatikizapo akazi ndi ana. Ena anamira mu mtsinje, ndi zina kupha chida. Adani anawononga Ryazan ndi kutentha kwa luwani. Mlembi Unknown limanena kuti palibe moyo sakhala mu zimenezo. Panalibe kulira kapena akulira. Onse akufa atagona pamodzi. Ndipo chifukwa zonsezi - machimo a anthu.

Batu anatumizidwa asilikali ake. Iye amapita kwa Vladimir ndi Suzdal, iye akufuna kuti agonjetse boma onse Russian, kuononga mpingo ndi kuthetseratu Chikristu.

Wolimba kumuwombera Evpatii Kolovrat

Ingvar Ingvarevich m'bale Ryazan kalonga, pa nthawi imeneyo ili mu Chernigov, ndi Yevpaty Kolovrat, Ryazan m'banja lachifumu, pamodzi naye. Iwo amapita kuthandiza anthu a Ryazan, koma kufika mochedwa kwambiri, pamene mzinda kale uwonongedwe. Yevpaty wasankha kusonkhanitsa ankhondo ndi kumenyana Tartars. Iye amaukira Batu mwadzidzidzi ndi nkhondo kuti "malupanga tupyatsya". Wolimba mtima Russian, makamaka Evpatii Kolovrat, anagunda mdani. Hostovrul, m'bale mu Batu, monyadira kuti adzakhala Evpatii pamodzi ndi retinue wake. Mu duel ndi converge Kolovrat ndi Hostovrul. Russian ngwazi "anakwera" kugaŵa mchimwene-Batu. Chitata Komabe, amalowerera kupha Kolovrat. Koma ngakhale Evpatii akufa ali mantha. Mlembi ananena kuti adani nacho kwa Russian ulemu wolimba. A Baty akunena kuti ngati munthu ngati Kolovrat, adatumikira pamodzi ndi iye, tabwera naye kwa iye.

Kubwezeretsa Ryazan

Kupemphera kuti chomaliza, "nthano za kuwonongedwa kwa ryazan". Ganizo chachikulu cha ntchito, monga kale anazindikira - pokweza ndi olimba mtima, asilikali Russian.

Ingvar Ingvarevich akulira maliro abale ake, mayi ake ndi abale ake. Anauzanso kupeza mitembo Olega Ingvarevicha Yuri Ingvarevich, Fedor Yurevich ndi ena. Ulemu wachikristu kuika mkazi wake ndi mwana Fyodor. Ingvar Ingvarevich tsopano Ryazan kalonga. Izo zikusintha mzinda rebuilds mchitidwe umenewu, mipingo, asonkhanitsa anthu. "The nthano za kuwonongedwa kwa ryazan", mwachidule zomwe mwawerenga chabe, umatha ndi Akhristu anakhala chisangalalo, chifukwa Mulungu anawapulumutsa kwa opanda Batu.