The zinenero zambiri wakale wa dziko lathu

Masiku ano, pali chiwerengero chachikulu cha zinenero zakale ndiponso wachinyamata; onse yokumba ndi masoka; onse amoyo ndi akufa. Kumene, ufulu alipo mmodzi wa iwo, chifukwa pamene iwo onse anasangalala ena chiwerengero cha anthu, choncho akufunika. Pomaliza, ambiri amakhulupirira (ndipo pachifukwa) kuti kulankhula mawu komanso malo a m'chinenero chawo zimatipanga ife anthu.

Koma, mwinamwake, kamodzi ine ndinaganiza za zimene magwero ndi zinenero zakale, iwo apirira ndi ena a iwo amakezana. Mwatsoka, yankho la funso limeneli kulibe kutali.

Kumene, ngati ife kulankhula za chinenero monga zimenezo, amakezana chinenero chamanja. Koma nanga bwanji mwayi m'kamwa?

Pankhani imeneyi pali nkhani zosangalatsa kwambiri wa mfumu, monga wowerenga, anachita chidwi mu funso la proto chinenero. Zolinga komanso mkulu chidwi analamula logwirana mu kanyumba ana awiri, konse mu moyo wanga adamva kulankhula kwa anthu. Zinachitika ndiye kuti ana "anakumbukira" zinenero zakale, amati chibadidwe chibadwa chawo. Mwana sanafe njala, nthawi zonse anali anabweretsa mkaka wa mbuzi mkaka amene anakulira.

Ndipo kotero, tsiku lina, ana wakula analankhula mawu ake poyamba, ndipo iyo ankamveka ngati izi: "bekos". Farao analamula anthu ake kupeza anthu mu chinenero chimene ali mawu. Oddly ndithu, anapezeka - mu chinenero Frugiya "bekos" amatanthauza "mkate".

Kumene, kuyesera wapanga bwino kuti chinachake kwa Farao, monga wowerenga masiku ano kuona kuti pali zinenero zambiri wakale kuposa Frugiya.

Pakali pano, wamkulu anazindikira m'zinenero zosiyanasiyana.

Choncho, zolemba Chisumeriya anali woyamba kwagona mu 3200 chaka BC.

Kutchula koyamba chinenero atazindikira, analankhula ndi anthu a ku Mesopotamia, limabweretsa 2800 BC.

Muzu chinenero Aigupto ndi wakale kwambiri. Woyamba umboni linakhalapo limabweretsa 3400 BC.

Ife Semites linali ndi chinenero chake - kamodzi wotchuka kwambiri, koma tsopano akufa. Iye ankatchedwa elabskogo, ndipo alipo, wamng'ono kuyambira 2400 BC.

Kale Minoan Krete chimagwiritsidwa ntchito chinenero, omwe asangalala chonse cha m'ma BC chachiwiri.

Ufumu wa Ahiti nthawi ya kulemera kwake walenga chilankhulo chake amatchedwa Mhiti. magwero ake ndi wachibale 1650 BC.

Wakale kwambiri - osati mawu a mawu, komanso kulemba ndi Greek, kutchula koyamba zimene ziri kwa chaka 1400 BC.

Chinese anatuluka mozungulira 11 m'ma BC. Masiku ano, amalankhula chiwerengero chachikulu cha anthu.

Choncho, kuchokera pamwamba tinganene kuti zinenero wakale wa dziko alipo lero, kutanthauza kuti mbiri yawo nthawi zonse kusinthidwa, ndipo panopa.

Komabe, pali china n'kopindulitsa kutchulidwa. Ndi chiyankhulo cha India wakale, Chisansikiriti.

Chiyambi chakale Chisansikiriti amatanthauza akatswiri 4 m'ma AD, koma ngakhale zaka eyiti Asanabadwe Chisansikiriti epic, ndi chinenero chake ofanana Vedic adanyamuka mu m'ma BC.

Ngakhale kuposa zaka wake, amakhalabe ndi moyo mu zonse, zimene ayenera kuthokoza anamatetule wakale, amene adayima motetezera buku lopatulika la otchedwa Vedas ndi chinenero onse Vedic. Chifukwa njira anausankha iwo, ana awo kukumbukira buku lonse la oyera lonse, ndiyeno kusamutsa nzeru zake mbadwo watsopano.

Chisansikiriti amati lero, pali anthu amene kulankhula mu moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku.

Inde, India wakale, kuwonjezera kuli Chisansikiriti ndi zinenero zina zakale, koma palibe mmodzi wa iwo olembedwa ntchito zambiri ngati chiyankhulo cha Vedic.