Unconditioned reflex - izi ndi ... The phindu ndi reflex unconditioned. Unconditioned ndi wabwino bongo

Otchedwa reflex mayankho a thupi kwa mkati kapena kunja kuyabwa, yotengekatengeka ndi olamulidwa ndi chapakati mantha dongosolo. Asayansi woyamba akhale ndi maganizo za khalidwe la anthu, patsogolo chinsinsi, anali mwathu muno IP Pavlov ndi IM Gawo.

ndi unconditioned bongo chiyani?

Unconditioned reflex - ndi titadziwa, anatengera mbewu kuchokera kwa makolo awo stereotyped anachita mphamvu ya mkati kapena chilengedwe. Iye anapulumutsa munthu moyo wake wonse. arcs reflex kudutsa ubongo ndi chingwe msana, ndi kotekisi oziziritsa si nawo maphunziro awo. Kutanthauza unconditioned reflex ndi kuti lili thupi chipangizo mwachindunji za kusintha kwa chilengedwe, zomwe nthawi zambiri limodzi ndi mibadwo yambiri ya makolo ake.

Kodi bongo ndi chopanda malire?

Unconditioned reflex - ichi ndi mtundu waukulu ntchito ya ubongo, munthu amene zodziwikiratu kuti nzothandiza a. Ndipo ngati munthu anakhudzidwa ndi zinthu zambiri, ndi bongo ndi osiyana ndi chakudya, kumbuyo, tentative, kugonana ... chakudya monga salivation, Pomeza ndi wakuyamwa. Kumenyana mulandu kukhosomola, kuphethira, sneezing, Nyamulani mwendo ku zinthu otentha. Orienting zotani dzina kayendedwe mutu, diso ndikutchetcha. Ndi achibadwidwe kugonana imakhudzana ndi kubalana, komanso kusamalira ana. Kutanthauza unconditioned reflex ndi kuti amakhala umphumphu wa chamoyo, amaziyang'anira mosalekeza chilengedwe mkati. Uyamiko kwa Iye, pali kubalana. Ngakhale makanda zingaoneke pulayimale unconditioned reflex - ndi woyamwa. Mwa njira, ndi zofunika kwambiri. Irritant Pankhaniyi amachita monga kukhudza milomo ya phunziro (ndi nipple, chifuwa cha mayi, zidole kapena chala). China chofunika unconditioned reflex - ndi ziphaliwali, kumachitika pamene thupi akunja pafupi ndi diso kapena wokhudza diso. Zimenezi ndi zogwirizana ndi gulu zoteteza kapena kudziteteza. Komanso, ana ndi constriction kuwatenga ophunzira, mwachitsanzo, atadziŵa kuwala amphamvu. Komabe, zizindikiro kwambiri kutchulidwa kwa bongo unconditioned ali akuwonetseredwa mu nyama zosiyanasiyana.

ndi wabwino bongo chiyani?

Otchedwa bongo makonzedwe yotengedwa ndi thupi pa moyo wawo. Iwo anapanga pa maziko a makolo kuti kukhudzana ndi kuwalimbikitsa Link (nthawi, akugogoda, kuwala ndi zina zotero). A chitsanzo chapadera ndi zatsopano anachita pa agalu academician IP Pavlov. Iye anaphunzira mapangidwe a mtundu umenewu bongo nyama, anali mapulogalamu njira yapadera kukonzekera yake. Motero, kwa m'badwo wa motero amafuna nzothandiza zonse - chizindikiro. Iye akapsa, ndi mphamvu ya nzothandiza kubwerezabwereza amalola kukhala ndi reflex wabwino. Pankhaniyi, otchedwa kugwirizana zosakhalitsa pakati pa arcs unconditioned reflex ndi malo analyzers. Tsopano Mwachibadwa ikupezeka kudzutsidwa ndi zochita za chizindikiro kunja khalidwe wachibadidwe latsopano. Izi zikuchitika a dziko loyandikira, umene chamoyo wakhala kale osayanjanitsika kuyamba kufunafuna basi, kwambiri. Cholengedwa chilichonse pa moyo akhoza kupangidwa mwa zosiyanasiyana bongo osiyana wabwino kuti maziko a utumiki wake. Komabe, izi amangonena za munthu imeneyi tinalandira izi zinachitikira moyo sindinawatume.

An gulu osadalira pa bongo zowongolera

Mu gulu osiyana zambiri chimasiyanitsa opangidwa pa moyo wa galimoto wabwino bongo khalidwe, ndi luso kapena zochita makina. tanthauzo ndi kuphunzira luso latsopano, komanso chitukuko cha mitundu yatsopano ya zosagwiritsa. Mwachitsanzo, pa nthawi yonse ya moyo wake, munthu akatenga chuma zosiyanasiyana luso galimoto, amene akukhudzana ndi ntchito zake. Iwo ndiwo maziko a khalidwe lathu. Kuganiza, chidwi, chikumbumtima anamasulidwa kwa ntchito kuti afikira automatism ndi kukhala mbali ya moyo watsiku ndi tsiku. Njira yopambana kwambiri ya lophunzira luso ndi kukhazikitsa dongosolo la thupi, yake vuto nsikidzi kapena zolakwika, komanso chidziwitso cha cholinga chachikulu cha vuto lililonse. Zikatero, ngati nzothandiza wabwino sagwirizana chifukwa nthawi zina N'zodziŵika, ndi braking ake. Komabe, zilibe kutha. Ngati, patapita kanthawi, kubwereza kanthu, ndi reflex adzachira mwachilungamo msanga. Braking akhoza zimachitika pa mkhalidwe wa zosayembekezereka ya nzothandiza mphamvu kwambiri.

Yerekezerani unconditioned ndi wabwino bongo

Monga tanena, motero yodziwika ndi chikhalidwe cha yatsoka ndi ndi njira zosiyana za mapangidwe. Pofuna kumvetsa zimene kusiyana kwake, monga yerekezerani unconditioned ndi wabwino bongo. Choncho, choyamba pali zamoyo chibadwire, iwo sasintha ndipo kutha pa moyo. Komanso bongo unconditioned ali yemweyo mu zinthu zonse mitundu ina. phindu lagona yokonza wamoyo kwa zinthu zonse. Reflex Arc linachepa umadutsa mbiya ya ubongo kapena msana. Mwachitsanzo, ena bongo unconditioned (kobadwa nako): yogwira salivation pamene mandimu akulowa pakamwa; woyamwa kayendedwe ka ana akhanda; kukhosomola, sneezing, flick manja anu ku zinthu otentha. Ndipo tsopano makhalidwe mayankho wabwino. Iwo anapeza moyo, mwina kusintha kapena kutha, ndipo chomaliza koma osati chosafunikira, aliyense chamoyo payekha, iwo (wawo). Ntchito yawo yaikulu - ndi anatengera zamoyo kuti zinthu zikusintha. ubwenzi wawo zosatha (mfundo reflex) analengedwa mu kotekisi wa hemispheres ubongo. Chitsanzo cha reflex wabwino zingachititse nyama anachita dzina kapena isanu ndi umodzi mwana botolo anachita ndi mkaka.

Chiwembu unconditioned reflex

Malinga ndi kafukufuku ndi academician IP Pavlov, chiwembu ambiri a bongo unconditioned ili. Pa zina cholandilira mitsempha chipangizo chamagetsi zikuchitika zina mkati kapena dziko kunja kwa thupi. Chifukwa, ndi mkwiyo chifukwa otembenuka ndondomeko lonse otchedwa chodabwitsa malemeredwe mitsempha. Imafalikira kudzera ulusi mitsempha (monga mwa waya) kwa CNS, ndipo muzikachokera aperekedwe ku thupi yeniyeni ntchito, kale lidzasinthidwa ndondomeko zenizeni pa mlingo ma wa gawo thupi. Iwo likukhalira kuti zikuchitika ena mwachibadwa amagwirizana ndi ntchito makamaka komanso ndi zotsatira.

Features bongo unconditioned

Anapereka m'munsimu khalidwe la bongo unconditioned monga bungwe zinthu pamwambapa, izo potsiriza kuthana ndi chodabwitsa pamaso pathu. Choncho, kodi mbali zosiyanasiyana tinatengera?

1. Yankho titadziwa za chamoyo zikuchitika.
2. The mosalekeza mgwirizano ndi ubongo pakati pa mitundu ina ya zikuchitika ndi mayankho.
3. Khalidwe yeniyeni: yofanana bongo zimachitika identically mu mamembala onse a mitundu ina ya zamoyo, iwo amasiyana okha mbali khalidwe la nyama za mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, nkhawa zachibadwa kwa mibadwo njuchi onse mu wakusowa madzi ndithu chomwecho, koma osiyana yomweyi mavu Mwachibadwa, kapena nyerere.
4. Titadziwa bongo unconditioned Musati muzidalira pa chondichitikira, iwo pafupifupi sasintha pa moyo nyama.
5. Mu zamoyo apamwamba, mtundu wa anachita nthawi imene magulu m'munsi ya ubongo, gawo la kotekisi si lokhazikika hemispheres ubongo.

Chopanda malire Mwachibadwa, ndi nyama reflex

Imachita kugwirizana kulankhulana ubongo zakuya za chibadwa Mtheradi, chifukwa chakuti nyama onse amabadwa ndi dongosolo mantha. Iye kale akhoza ayankheni moyenera zikuchitika zenizeni za chilengedwe. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala akhoza kuyamba ndi phokoso lakuthwa; izo secrete madzi m'mimba ndi malovu kukhudzana ndi chakudya m'kamwa kapena mmimba; izo zimaphethira pamene kukondoweza zithunzi, ndi zina zotero. Chathu chofuna nyama ndi anthu osati kokha munthu unconditioned bongo, komanso njira zambiri zovuta mosiyanasiyana. Iwo akutchedwa achibadwidwe.

Unconditioned reflex zoona, si kwathunthu yunifolomu, chitsanzo, kusamutsa zimene nyama ndi kuwalimbikitsa kunja. Chimadziwika, ngakhale pulayimale, wosazindikira, koma masiyanidwe, masiyanidwe, malinga Link (mphamvu, makamaka zinthu, malo a nzothandiza ya). Komanso, amakhala ndi moyo ndi chikhalidwe mkati mwa nyama, ndi (adatchithisira kapena kulalikira mwakhama, kaimidwe, etc.). Choncho, ngakhale IM Sechenov mu zatsopano wake ndi headless (msana) achule anasonyeza kuti timakumana ndi zala za miyendo kunsana amphibious galimoto anachita chikuchitika zosiyana. Kuchokera pamenepa tinganene kuti reflex unconditioned adakali dziphunzitsiranso masiyanidwe, koma osiyanasiyana yaing'ono. Zimenezi zimatheka ndi zochita izi chepetsa thupi ndi chilengedwe sungathe kukhala wangwiro kokha kulemekeza pang'ono kusintha zinthu za dziko loyandikira. Unconditioned reflex akulephera kupereka anatengera nyama kuti zinthu zatsopano kapena likusintha mofulumira.

Koma achibadwidwe, nthawizina iwo anafotokoza mu mawonekedwe a zochita wophweka. Mwachitsanzo, munthu wokwera mwa kununkhiza amasanthula pansi makungwa a ena tizilombo mphutsi. Iye napyoza makungwa komanso kutchera mazira wovulalayo anapeza. Izi malekezero onse a zochita zake kuti adzaonetsetsa kupitiriza mitundu. Pali zovuta bongo unconditioned. The achibadwidwe wa mtundu uwu zigwirizana ndi unyolo wa zochitika zomwe limodzi kubereka ana. Mwachitsanzo, mbalame, nyerere, njuchi, ndi nyama zina.

mitundu kulunjika

bongo Unconditioned (mitundu) imapezekanso mwa anthu ndi nyama. Iwo ayenera kumvetsa kuti maganizo ndife a mtundu adzakhala yemweyo. Mwachitsanzo, kamba. Mitundu yonse ya achule kukopedwa mutu ndi miyendo mu chigoba chake pamene ngozi limapezeka. Ndipo hedgehogs onse zophukiranso ndi zimatulutsa ndi ukali phokoso. Komanso, dziŵani kuti si bongo onse unconditioned zimachitika nthawi imodzi. motero zimasiyana malinga ndi msinkhu, ndi nyengo. Mwachitsanzo, nthawi kubalana kapena galimoto ndi woyamwa zochita kuonekera pa mwana wosabadwayo 18-sabata. Choncho zochita unconditioned ndi mtundu wa nthawi opaleshoni kwa bongo zowongolera anthu ndi nyama. Mwachitsanzo, achinyamata akula monga kusintha kwa kumaliseche kupanga maofesi. Iwo kuonjezera kusinthasintha kwa chamoyo ndi zinthu kunja chilengedwe.

braking chopanda malire

Mu ndondomeko ya moyo, aliyense chamoyo ndi zonse pansi - onse kunja ndi mkati - zikuchitika zosiyanasiyana. Aliyense angathe kuyambitsa anachita lolingana - reflex. Ngati onse a iwo akhoza anazindikira, ndiye ntchito yaikulu ya chamoyo adzakhala wachisokonezo. Komabe, izi sizichitika. M'malo mwake, ntchito zimene amakhala ndi harmonization ndi mayikidwe. Chifukwa chake n'chakuti thupi ndi chopinga wa bongo unconditioned. Izi zikutanthauza kuti wofunika kwambiri makamaka nthawi kuchedwa reflex sekondale. Childs, ndi braking kunja angayambe pa chiyambi cha chochitika. A tizilomboto latsopano ngati wamphamvu, kumabweretsa damping akale. Ndipo chifukwa cha ntchito yapita adzakhala basi asiye. Mwachitsanzo, galu wadya, ndipo nthawi kuti pakhomo akulira. Animal yomweyo mabasi kudya, akuthamanga kukumana akubwera. Pali kusintha lakuthwa ntchito ndi salivation mwa galu panthawi mabasi. Ndi braking chopanda malire bongo zina mayankho titadziwa. Iwo ali ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda chifukwa kutha wathunthu ntchito zina. Mwachitsanzo, nkhawa kaja sikamakhoza kumvetsa kuluku nkhuku zimapangitsa anapiye kufa mbamuikha pansi, ndi isanayambike a magulu mdima kusiya kuyimba chingolopiyo.

Komanso, pali atetezeke (transmarginal) chopinga. Vutolo limachitika ngati poyankha nzothandiza amphamvu kwambiri, ndi chamoyo zimafuna kuchitapo kanthu kuti upambana mphamvu zake. Mlingo wa kukhudzana amenewa anatsimikiza ndi zimachitika pafupipafupi ya ubongo. M'pamenenso ndi minyewa ndi wosangalala, ndi apamwamba pafupipafupi zikhumbo mitsempha otaya umene amapanga. Komabe, ngati otaya wopyola malire ena, pali ndondomeko, chimene chingamulepheretse Wofalitsa malemeredwe wa circuitry okhudza mitsempha. nyemba chifukwa pa reflex pano msana ndi ubongo ndi linasokonekera, chifukwa mu chopinga zimachitika asayambe actuators cha kutopa kotheratu. Kodi motere ku mfundo imeneyi? Chifukwa chopinga wa unconditioned bongo thupi Mabuku a mitundu yonse zotheka kwa zokwanira kwambiri, akhoza kuteteza ku ntchito kwambiri. Zimenezi zimachitika mawonetseredwe otchedwa kusamala kwachilengedwenso.