Wambiri ya Chingiz Aitmatov: ntchito mabuku abwino, ndipo mfundo zosangalatsa

Today ife kulankhula za mmodzi wa olemba otchuka Soviet. Kapena kani, ndife chidwi yonena za Chingiz Aitmatov. Dzina la wolemba chapadera amadziwika onse a kusukulu, koma anthu ochepa kumbukirani za moyo wake. Ndicho chifukwa ife kuyang'ana yonena za wolemba, komanso nkhani za bwino ntchito zake.

Wambiri ya Chingiz Aitmatov

wolemba anabadwa mu Kyrgyzstan m'mudzi waung'ono wa Sheker, zomwe tsopano ziri dera Talas, mu 1928, December 12. Dzina la bambo ake anali Torekul Aitmatov, iye anali mmodzi wa anthu wamba ndi chiyambi cha zisinthe anathandiza mwachangu ndi Maonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Pambuyo mapangidwe Bungwe anakhala ntchito chipani cha Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic, ndipo kenako States otchuka. Komabe, iye anagwidwa mu 1937 ndipo kenako anamuombera.

Mayi Chingiz Toreklovicha Nagima Hamzievna dzina, namwali dzina Abdulaev. Chifukwa cha dziko, iye anali Chitata. Mu ulamuliro wa Soviet, anakakhala asilikali ntchito ndale, anakhala chithunzi anthu. Wolemba tsogolo ndi abale ndi alongo ake anakulira m'mudzi wa Sheker komwe banja lake anasamukira atatsala pang'ono bambo wa Chingiz anamangidwa.

Institute ndi mankhwala oyamba

Maphunziro kalasi chitatu Chingiz Aitmatov. Wambiri Chikigizi Akukamba za pambuyo mnyamata uyu analowa zootehnikum mu Jambul (tsopano wotchedwa Taraz), tsopano ili pa dera la Kazakhstan. Kenako mu 1948, wolemba anapita Frunze, pamene m'chaka chomwecho analowa Institute ulimi, umene anamaliza mu 1953. Kenako kwa zaka zitatu anagwira Institute ndi Research wa Livestock vetenale.

Ngakhale mu nthawi ya phunziro mu ulimi Institute Aitmatov anayamba kufalitsa nkhani yake mu chinenero Chikigizi. Only mu 1956, wolemba mwayi kupita ku Moscow kwa maphunziro mabuku amene anamaliza mu 1958. Mu chaka chomwecho inafalitsidwa mu magazini nkhani "October" Aitmatov a "pamasom'pamaso", amene anasinthidwa ku Chikigizi.

kutchuka

Wambiri ya Chingiz Aitmatov (chinenero Chikigizi komanso) lili ndi chiwerengero chachikulu cha nkhani lofalitsidwa mu chiyambi cha ntchito yake. Koma wolemba weniweni kutchuka wabweretsa nkhani "Jamila", a m'magazini "New World". Izo ntchito imeneyi poyamba makamaka prose wolemba: indissoluble maphatikizidwe mafotokozedwe miyambo ndi chikhalidwe ndi sewero kwambiri ku malongosoledwe a chikhalidwe cha ngwazi m'nyimbo.

Titamaliza maphunziro mabuku, iye akuyamba ntchito monga mtolankhani Chingiz Torekulovich Aytmatov. Wambiri ya wolemba apitirira mu Frunze, kumene anakhala mkonzi wa magazini m'dera "zolembalemba Kyrgyzstan". Kenako mu zaka 60-80 anatumikira monga kazembe wa Supreme Soviet la USSR, anali nthumwi za Party Congress, anali membala wa gulu la mkonzi wa "nyuzipepala zolembalemba" ndi "New World". Komanso, panthawi imeneyi Aitmatov anali katatu kupereka ntchito za USSR State Prize. Ndipo mu 1963 kuti lanyimbo yochepa 'Nkhani ya mapiri ndi steppes "anali kupereka kwa Lenin Prize. Buku chikuphatikizapo ntchito kuti ndikuuzeni za zinthu zovuta maganizo amene anthu amakonda kugwa hinterland akumidzi.

Kwa nthawi yaitali wolemba analemba yekha chinenero Chikigizi, omwe akutsimikiza yonena za Chingiz Aitmatov. Mu Russian kwa nthawi yoyamba yokha mu 1965 iwo unalengedwa buku "chabwino, Gulsary!" Poyamba wodziwika ndi dzina "Imfa pacer". Ntchito imeneyi anaulula khalidwe lina la lonse kulenga Aitmatov Mbali - ndi epic maziko, anamanga pa mitu ndi amajambulapo maluwa okongola wa epos la Kyrgyzstan. Kenako, m'nthano zikuyenela zolinga zolengedwa mabuku a wolemba ayamba mphamvu.

Mu 1973, Aitmatov anapanga kuwonekera koyamba kugulu wake monga Wolemba wina wa, co-analemba kusewera "chitunda mwa phiri la Fuji." Malinga ndi mankhwala mu zisudzo "Contemporary" (Moscow) gawo la bedi, adali ndi kupambana yaikulu ndi omvera.

Mapeto a njira

Kuyambira 1988 mpaka mu 1990, Aitmatov anatumikira monga mkonzi wamkulu wa "Literature okhonda". Kenako ntchito kwa zaka zinayi kazembe wa Kyrgyzstan.

Chingiz Torekulovich anafa Nuremberg mu 2008, pa 10 June. Wolemba laling'ono German tawuni woyesedwa. Wolemba anaikidwa pa June 14 Bishkek mu mbiri chikumbutso zovuta amatchedwa "Ata-Beit."

"Scaffold"

Wambiri ya mabuku Chingiz Aitmatov si makamaka wolemera. Makamaka, "scaffold" - achiwiri kukula wolemba zosankha, limene linatuluka mu 1986. ntchito agawidwa magawo atatu. Pa 1 ndi 2 akufotokoza Avdii Kallistratova amene Dikoni ophunzira bambo. Boy amakakamizidwa kuyenda m'mapazi a bambo wake, ndi seminare. Komabe, apa iye anakumana ndi mavuto atsopano - ansembe sindikumvetsa zikhulupiriro zake pa za Mulungu ndi mpingo komanso akupangidwa.

Gawo lachitatu odzipereka kwathunthu kwa ngwazi zina - Boston, amene akukumana kusintha kwa umwini payekha katundu zokomera. Apa nkhani wolemba za kulamulira mu nthawi ya chilungamo kwafala za moyo cha zovuta ndi zovuta ubale pakati pa anthu.

"Tsiku Akhala Zoposa zaka zana ..."

Izi buku loyamba lolembedwa ndi wolemba, amene akutsimikiza yonena za Chingiz Aitmatov. Ntchito lofalitsidwa mu 1980 ndipo ali ndi dzina chachiwiri - "Buran amasiya". The ngwazi chachikulu cha buku anakhala Yedigei yosavuta Cossack, yemwe amagwira ntchito pamalopa, tucked kutali mu steppes lapansi. Tsoka kwa munthu uyu ndi zachilengedwe miyoyo ya dziko lonse: chitsutsocho chisanadze nkhondo, nkhondo yachiwiri, pambuyo nkhondo ntchito zolimba pomanga nyukiliya mayeso malo. Zochitika za buku ndizo mapulani awiri: zochitika zimene zikuchitika pantsi mu mlengalenga. Extraterrestrials si anasiya chifukwa zimene zimachitika kwa anthu.

"Mabanga Dog Kuthamanga pa Kudera la Nyanja"

Izi ndi nkhani za mnyamata Kirisk, iyambe kufalitsidwa mu nyanja ndi bambo ake, mkulu wa banja ndi msuweni amalume. Ndipotu mnyamata anapambana mwambo mwambo, pambuyo umene yakuti kutchedwa munthu. Yambani kusakasaka inayenda bwino, koma pambuyo iwo anagwira chisindikizo choyamba, mkuntho anayamba. Pamene Zonse zinali zii pa nyanja pansi nkhungu chifunga moti. Zojambula muli nthano za anthu okhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Okhotsk.

mfundo zosangalatsa

Tikungotchula chidwi mfundo zokhudzana ndi wolemba wotchuka:

• Mu 1990, Aitmatov, ndiye membala wa Supreme Soviet la USSR, anasankhidwa kuti kulengezedwa kwa mawu nomination pa chisankho cha Mikhail Gorbachev.
• okweza pa Chikigizi wolemba Louis Aragon anati.
• Nkhani za mphoto ya Nobel Prize Aitmatov analeredwa ndi boma la Turkey mu 2008 miyezi yochepa asanamwalire wolemba. Maziko nomination anali kuti Aitmatov ndi yaikulu Turkic wolemba.
• Adakonza maliro a wolemba panokha Kurmanbek Bakiyev, amene anali pulezidenti wa Kyrgyzstan.

chidwi kwambiri munthu ndi States otchuka anali Chingiz Aitmatov. Wambiri, zafotokozedwa mwachidule pamwamba, watilola kutsimikizira izi.