Wine yabwino ndi pinki. Zochititsa chidwi za vinyo wa pinki

Vinyo uyu ali ndi mtengo wapatali, chifukwa chake ogula ambiri sakudziwa chomwe chimakonda. Zonse zomwe zimakhala zotsika mtengo, zimayima pamasamulo a masitolo ambiri, zimapangidwa ndi njira zopangira zinthu, ndi zinthu zochepa zachilengedwe.

Tanthauzo

Ngati mungalankhule mwa sayansi, ndiye kuti vinyo ndikumwa ndi zakumwa zoledzera osati zopitirira 22% vol. Amapezeka chifukwa cha tsankho (kutsekedwa) kapena kutsekemera kwathunthu kwa madzi. Vinyo ndi chipatso ndi mphesa, malingana ndi zipangizo zomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito - mphesa kapena zipatso zina ndi zipatso. Ndipo, malingana ndi malo omwe magetsi anasonkhanitsira, zopanga zikhoza kuchitika m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Miyambo ndi malamulo a izi kapena gawolo zimapanga chizindikiro, ponseponse mu teknoloji ndikumamwa zakumwa.

Mu mankhwala opangidwa ndi vinyo muli pafupifupi zigawo zikuluzikulu 600 (organic ndi organic organic). Ambiri ndi madzi, zipangizo, shuga (fructose, shuga) ndi ethyl mowa.

Tidzakhala mwatsatanetsatane pakuphunzira zosiyanasiyana monga vinyo wobiriwira.

Mbiri

Vinyo ndi zakumwa zakale kwambiri kuti chaka chowona choyamba choyang'ana kumbiri sichidziwika. Pinki inapangidwa patapita nthawi yofiira kapena yofiira. Mkhalidwe umene unabadwirako sudziwika.

Mfundo zoyambirira komanso zatsimikizirika zikusonyeza kuti Rene Anjou (mfumu ya ku France yomwe inalamulira m'zaka za m'ma 1800) ankakonda kwambiri pinki. Ndi amene anayambitsa kupanga zakumwa izi mochuluka. Kenako ku Provence ndipo anayamba kupanga vinyo "mtundu wa zinyama."

Iye anaimbidwa ndi olemba ndakatulo otchuka, okhawo okhala mumzinda wa France ndi osankhidwa okha omwe ankadziwa kukoma kwake kodabwitsa. Chakumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 18, vinyo ananyamuka kutumizidwa ku mayiko oyandikana nawo (Holland, Great Britain). Pambuyo pake, dziko lonse lapansi linagwidwa ndi "misala ya pinki."

Masiku ano, pamodzi ndi ma vinyo a ku French, Italy ndi Spanish ndi otchuka kwambiri. Ndipo kupanga, kugulitsa chakumwa ichi chachitika kale padziko lonse lapansi.

Zipangizo zamakono zopangira

Vinyo wa piritsi amatengedwa chifukwa cha kusunga mwamphamvu malamulo onse ndi zowoneka bwino. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti asunge mtundu wapaderawu komanso kuti asamangomwa mowa ndi zakumwa zosafunikira zomwe zimaimira vinyo woyera kapena wofiira.

Mmene mungapezereko pinki:

• Gwiritsani ntchito mitundu ya mphesa yokha. Zitha kukhala: Merlot, Jalita, Mattress, Saperavi, Cabernet - Sauvignon kapena Odessa wakuda.
• Ndikofunika kuti mupulumuke mosamala kwambiri, musalole kuti mbeu ndi mafupa alowe mu madzi.
• Siyani mabulosiwo mu khungu lokonzekera kwa kanthawi kochepa, kenaka muchotseni pamenepo, kapena mugwiritse ntchito njira ya "kutaya magazi". Kutanthauza kuti, mutenge madzi otsirizidwa omwe amapezeka popanga vinyo wofiira.

Izi zidzakupatseni tsogolo labwino la pinki.

Komanso, ena opanga zinthu amagwiritsa ntchito njira yosakanikirana. Mtundu wa piritsi umapezeka popanga vinyo woyera komanso wofiira. Koma teknoloji yotereyi siilaloledwa m'maiko onse.

Njira yopangira vinyo wofiira

Kuti mupeze zakumwa zenizeni ndi zowona, ndizofunika kutsatira ndondomeko yoyera ndi yosasinthika popanga. Momwe vinyo amapangidwira, tidzakambirana mobwerezabwereza:

1. Kukolola mphesa

Apa ndikofunikira kulipira kwambiri kukula kwa zipatso. Komanso, mphesa ziyenera kukhala zoyera. Kawirikawiri zojambula zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu, mobwerezabwereza, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

2. Kupanga ndi kulandira zipangizo zopangira

Zokolola zimabweretsedwa kumasitolo ogulitsa vinyo, kumene amaikidwiratu m'zipinda zapadera. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chingwe, imathyola zipatsozo ndikuzilekanitsa.

3. Kuswa

Mankhwala apadera akudula khungu la chipatso kuti apeze madzi ochulukirapo kwa madzi.

4. Kutentha ndi maceration

Mphungu imagwirizanitsa komanso imagwirizana ndi magawo ovuta a mphesa. Zomalizazi zili ndi zinthu zonunkhira komanso zokongola. Kutentha kotalika ndi maceration, kukoma kwakukulu kwambiri ndi mdima. Pa tebulo vinyo, masiku 3-4 ndi okwanira, chifukwa vinyo wapamwamba kwambiri masiku oposa 20 akufunika.

5. Kutentha koyamba (kumwa mowa)

Gawo la madzi. Opezeka mu shuga wamphesa pansi pa mphamvu ya yisiti kwa masiku 4-10 akusandulika mowa. Kutentha n'kofunika ndi 020 C. C. Bentonite yawonjezedwa.

6. Kuthamanga ndi kudula (malinga ndi mtundu wa vinyo)

Pambuyo kukhetsa madzi, phala kuchoka pamatope amachotsedwa ndi kuponyedwa. Ndikofunika kupeza chotsitsa cha vinyo.

7. Chakudya chachiwiri (mkaka wa ma apulo)

Ikuchitika pokhapokha pakufunidwa. Lactobacilli amagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zimasintha apulo acid mu mkaka, kuchepetsa acidity ya zakumwa ndikusintha makhalidwe ake.

8. Sulphitation

Pofuna kutulutsa wort ndi kuchepetsa zowonjezera, sulfure imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndikofunika kupirira ndi kusunga kuchuluka ndi makanema.

Kupanga vinyo wofiira kumapangidwa ndi makina osakaniza opanga oyera ndi ofiira. Chigawo chochepetsedwa pang'ono chingagwiritsidwe ntchito ku chakumwa chosakanizidwa kapena chokhetsedwa.

Vinyo wabwino kwambiri

Ambiri otchuka ndi otchuka ndi maluwa achi Italiya ndi Achifalansa. Pano iwo anayamba kufalitsidwa kale kuposa kulikonse. Zomwe zimapangidwa ndi zodziwika bwino popanga vinyo woukira zasungidwa ndi kupambana kwa zaka zambiri. Komanso, ku France ndi ku Italy mungapeze mitundu ya mphesa yotereyi, yomwe simukupezeka mumtundu wina uliwonse.

Malamulo a mayiko awa okhudza kupanga ndi kugulitsa vinyo ndi ovuta komanso ovuta. Izi zimapereka chitsimikizo choonjezera cha ubwino ndi chikhalidwe cha zakumwa.

French adakwera vinyo

Lero kumwa kwa dzuwa kumatchuka padziko lonse lapansi. Anthu okhala m'mayiko onse amadziwa ndi kukonda vinyo wa pinki. France ndi boma limene limakhala malo apadera pakati pa olemba ena. Pafupifupi zigawo zake zonse zikugwira ntchito popanga vinyo.

Kusamalidwa kosiyana kuyenera kuperekedwa kwa Provence. Apa panayamba kupanga vinyo woyamba, mtsogoleri wotsogolera ku France amakhalabe masiku ano. Kupanga katsamba kofiira ku Provence kumapangidwa kuchokera ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mphesa ya Senso, Grenache ndi Murvedr, zomwe zimasiyana ndi zomwe zimakhala zolemba zochepa za sitiroberi mu kukoma.

Mankhwala otchuka kwambiri a zakumwa pinki amapangidwa ku Anjou ndi Travel.

Ulendo ndi mudzi wawung'ono m'chigwa cha Rhone. Zodabwitsa zake ndizoti mitundu 9 yokha ya mphesa imakula pano ndipo ndi pinki yokha yokha yopangidwa. Anjou ndi dera lomwe limapanga zakumwa zamitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Ndipo wotsirizirayo ndi wotchuka chifukwa cha mitundu yotchuka ya vinyo monga:

- Wopanda madzi "Rose d'Anjou". Madzi pang'ono, opanda fungo lokoma ndi kutchulidwa kukoma.

- Wopanda madzi "Cabernet d'Anjou". Mu fungo pali sitiroberi mithunzi.

- Vinyo wofiira wonyezimira "Rose de Loire", wokhala ndi fungo lokhazika mtima pansi komanso lokhazika mtima pansi.

Chakumwa chabwino kwambiri chimapangidwa ku France. Ma vinyo omwe amapezeka ku Champagne ndi Sancerre ndi otchuka kwambiri, osatchula "Bordeaux" ndi "Marsana".

Vinyo wa Spain ndi Italy

Chakumwa cha pinki m'mayiko otenthawa, mphesa za Tempranillo ndi Garnacha zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Apa vinyo akutchedwa "rosado". Mosiyana ndi maluwa otsika a French, ali ndi mowa wochuluka, ndipo kukoma kwake kumakhala koopsa kwambiri ndipo kumatchulidwa.

Vinyo wa pinki ku Spain akuphatikiza ndi zigawo za Rioja ndi Navarre. Ndipo ku Italy, rosado imapangidwa paliponse, ngakhale kuti dziko silinadziwidwebe. Mwina chifukwa cha kukoma mtima kwakukulu komwe kunaperekedwa kwa chakumwa ndi khalidwe loipa la anthu amderalo.

Dzuŵa lowala

Vinyo wonyezimira akupangidwa ndi njira yomwe ili pafupi ndi kupanga champagne. Tanthauzo lake ndi lakuti vinyo ayenera kuthira kawiri. Yoyamba - mu chidebe chapadera, chachiwiri - mwachindunji mu botolo. Mafuta okongola a pinki omwe amawala kwambiri mu chidebe cha galasi lakuda, izi ndizofunikira kuti asunge makhalidwe awo.

Kukoma kosasangalatsa ndi zonunkhira za zakumwazi kumaphatikizidwa bwino ndi mtundu wowala kwambiri.

Muscat vinyo

Zimasiyana ndi chikhalidwe chokhala ndi tanthauzo lapadera kwambiri. Mitengo ya mphesa ya Muscat imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga. Ali ndi zakumwa zamtengo wapatali, kupereka zakumwa kukoma kosazolowereka.

Musikini pinki (vinyo) kawirikawiri amapangidwa kuchokera ku mitundu yofanana ya mphesa. Koma mitundu ina ingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Chakumwa ichi chimadziwika ngati zonunkhira kwambiri pakati pa mitundu yonse ya vinyo.

"Lambrusco" - vinyo wa pinki

Zimapangidwa kuchokera ku mitundu yofiira ya mphesa. Kukoma kwa chakumwa ichi chadzaza ndi zolemba zobiriwira. Zimapangidwa ku Italy (Lombardy ndi Emilia-Romagna). Maina a vinyo ali ofanana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mphesa yomwe amapangidwa.

Mavesi oyambirira a zakumwa zakumwa "Lambrusco" amatanthauza nthawi zakale. Iye ankakonda kwambiri Aroma. Patapita nthawi, vinyo anasintha, adawonekera mosiyanasiyana. Lero pali mitundu yoposa 60 yosiyana. Iyi ndi vinyo wotsika mtengo.

Kodi mungasankhe bwanji vinyo woyenera?

Njira zazikulu zowunika zakumwazi ndi mtundu ndi kukoma. Wopanga ndi wofunikanso, koma masiku ano vinyo wofiira kwambiri amapangidwa padziko lonse lapansi. Makhalidwe apadera a rosi ndiwo zipatso zabwino zosautsa ndi zokometsera acidity.

Ponena za mtundu, mndandanda wamitundu yosiyanasiyana kuchokera ku pinki yofiira kupita ku wofiira. Zimadalira mtundu wa mphesa zomwe vinyo amapangidwa.

Chimene muyenera kumvetsera poyamba:

• Wopanga. Pa botolo lirilonse, wopanga ayenera kufotokozedwa, izi ndi zoyenera kuti apange mankhwala abwino.

• Chaka chokolola. Ndiko kusonkhanitsa, osati chaka cha ukalamba kapena bottling. Izi zidzakupatsani chitsimikizo chakuti mankhwalawa ndi achilengedwe.

• Zosiyanasiyana za mphesa. Chizindikirocho chiyenera kukhala ndi mayina enieni a mitundu.

• Malo opangidwa.
• Nthawi yokalamba. Ndi chizindikiro ichi, vinyo amagawidwa mu mitundu itatu. Kawirikawiri - popanda ukalamba, mphesa - zaka 3-7, kutenga - zaka zoposa 6.

• Kufotokozera mwachidule chakumwa. Pano mungathe kulemba mwapadera mwapadera ndi apadera a vinyo.

• Mtengo. Vinyo wabwino, wachibadwa ndi wokonzedwa bwino sangathe kukhala otchipa.

• Nkhata. Pamene mutsegula botolo, muyenera kumvetsetsa chikhalidwe chake. Ngati khola lagwedezeka kapena losweka, ndiye kuti luso la kukonzekera kapena kutsekedwa kwakumwa kwaphwanyidwa. Kapena amagwiritsidwa ntchito zinthu zosafunika.

• Kodi vinyo amagulitsa chiyani? Dothi lenileni limatsanulira m'mabotolo a magalasi. Ceramic, makatoni ndi zipangizo zina sangathe kusunga bwino vinyo.

• Amasonyeza bwino mphamvu ya zakumwa. Vinyo wolimba - kuyambira 12-16 ⁰ kwa mchere wobiriwira, 17-20 ⁰ (muscat, doko, Cahors, etc.), vermouth - 13-18 ⁰ , vinyo wonyezimira - 11-13 ⁰ .

Kwenikweni sizimakhudza mtundu wa dziko lakumwa chakumwa komanso gawo la shuga (lokoma, semisweet, youma, youma-youma). Munthu aliyense amawasankha mwa nzeru zake ndi kulawa.

Kugwirizana kwa mankhwala

Vinyo ndi zakumwa zabwino. Ali ndi chikhalidwe chake chakumwa - infographic (kusankhidwa kwa anthu apakati pa vinyo) ndi khalidwe lina lakumwa. Tiyeni tiyankhe funso lofunika kwambiri la momwe tingamve ndi vinyo bwanji? Malingalirowa ndi osiyana, koma tidzadziŵa bwino malamulo otchedwa infographic omwe amamwa mowa.

Maluwa okongola adzagogomezera kwambiri zokonda za mbale zazikulu (zikhoza kukhala pasitala, risotto, etc.). Vinyo wofiira wa Semisweet ndi oyenera zipatso zamchere, ndi theka-wouma vinyo wa zotentha kwambiri. Mavinyo owuma amangopangidwira mitundu yonse ya tchizi.

Kawirikawiri, rosi imatengedwa ngati zakumwa zosakaniza komanso zosakaniza zosiyanasiyana.

Zodabwitsa za vinyo

Chakumwa chakale kwambiri, chomwe chatseketsa kutchuka kwake padziko lonse lero, ndi momwe zimanenedwa za vinyo. Tidzakudziwitsani zambiri za iye.

- Asayansi azindikira kuti vinyo ndi zakumwa zakale zomwe zili ndi mowa. Amakhulupirira kuti ali ndi zaka zoposa 50,000.

- Liwu lakuti "vinyo" m'Baibulo limatchulidwa maulendo 450.

- Kuyambira mu 1800 BC. E. Ku Babuloia, malamulo anali ogwiritsidwa ntchito, malinga ndi malamulo omwe opanga vinyo woipa anaphedwa (adamira).

- Botolo la vinyo wakale kwambiri linapezeka ku Germany. Tsiku la kuikidwa kwake ndi 325 BC. E.

- Vinyo woyamba olembedwera ndi de la Frontera sherry. Mabotolo 5 okha, zokolola zomwe zinasonkhanitsidwa mu 1775.

- Vinyo wambiri sangathe kusungidwa kwa zaka zopitirira 10, imataya kukoma kwake.

- Kupanga botolo limodzi la vinyo wa ku Germany "Wotchera mphesa wa Troskenbeerenauslese" akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito tsiku lonse logwira ntchito. Izi ndi zakumwa zosiyana siyana.

- Mukachotsa mphesa zakuda, mukhoza kupeza vinyo woyera.

- "Aston Martin" - galimoto ya Prince Charles, akugwira ntchito pa biofuel. Zodabwitsa zake n'zakuti mafutawa amachokera ku vinyo.

Kumwa kwa dzuwa lerolino kumapangidwa padziko lonse lapansi. Makontinenti onse, kupatula ku Antarctica, akugwiritsidwa ntchito. Olemekezeka, otsitsimula, olimbikitsa, adzakhala njira yabwino kwambiri pazochitika zilizonse, kaya ndi madzulo achikondi kapena kukambirana zamalonda, chakudya chamadzulo kapena msonkhano wachikondi.

Vinyo anali, ndipo nthawi zonse amakhala othandiza, kulikonse ndi nthawi iliyonse.