Zakudya

Mfundo imeneyi anadziwana ndi ziphunzitso za biosphere wasayansi wamkulu Vernadsky. Zakudya Vernadsky - "chinthu opangidwa ndi moyo, ndi mphamvu amphamvu kwambiri angathe." Zinali za phula, mafuta, miyala, malasha, etc.

Mwachidule, particles wa organic ndi zakudya kumeneko. Zitsanzo - ubweya, mano waponya antlers waponya mbalame nthenga, masamba, zipatso ndi pollens, makungwa kapena mitengo wagwa, chimbudzi nyama. Kwa michere anafotokoza ngale, eggshell, ya ndulu (aimpso) miyala, mkaka, timadzi tokoma, ukonde, silika. Mndandanda zambiri.

mankhwala Non-biogenic akhoza kupangidwa ndi zamoyo, koma izo ziri, mosiyana ndi michere ndi sinkakhala mu biosphere monga ankafalitsa mwakhama zobwezerezedwanso mu zinthu zina zamoyo.

Makamaka lililonse ndondomeko mankhwala organic. Gawo chabe ting'onoting'ono zinthu sanali biogenic kukhala zakufa zakale, akusuntha mu polibiogennye zinthu. miyala nyanja za padziko lathuli inakhazikitsidwa m'mbuyomu nyengo miyala. Ndi polibiogennym zinthu mu matope angakhale Mwachitsanzo, monga detritus (masamba), zotsalira za tizilombo (timawatcha iwo mummified), coprolites, Amber, mikrobiogennye mchere (hydroxides chitsulo, sulfides, carbonates, etc.).

miyala phiri Earth analengedwa, makamaka ndi zamoyo. Yemweyo carbonate miyala (dolomite, anajambulapo, choko) ndizo zotsatira za ntchito zomera ndi mafilimu pansi kumtunda madzi ndi nyanja.

Koprolitovye limestones Komanso ankaona kuti biogenic. Iyi ndi thanthwe limene choyambira kukhazikitsa ndi ndowe anakhala matope okudya amene ndikusinthidwa laimu yl.

silika Species (khwatsi, opal, ndi kalikedo) ali anapeka makamaka a zotsalira chigoba cha "pakachitsulo" zamoyo - diatom algae (diatoms) Radiolarian, thonje, silikoflagellat.

Koma Amapangitsa (caustobioliths) - nyanja miyala ndi yodziwika ndi woipa mkulu zakudya patsogolo pathu. Caustobiolites anapanga mchikakamizo cha ntchito zina mphamvu ya zinthu zosiyanasiyana wamoyo.

Makamaka organic sanali biogenic mankhwala ndi intensively anasonkhanitsa m'madera nyanja ndi m'madambo, pano mu biosphere lapansi. Mwachitsanzo, mu dziko lathu 60% ya nkhokwe ya peat voliyumu dziko. Ndipo ichi ndi chifukwa malo enieni lawolawo ndipo, ndithudi, nyengo.

madzi chokhala ndi nyanja kudziunjikira zotsalira za zomera ndi zamoyo benthic ufulu akuyandama, sapropel (madipoziti matope mu madzi), excrements nyama. Mwa njira, gawo la ndondomeko imeneyi, mungathe penyani kunyumba m'chere zokhala m'malo owetera.

Malasha, nayenso ake, aumbike ku peat, koma kale wakale. Mafuta shales ali anapangidwa kuchokera sapropel. Apa, chinthu organic ukufanizidwa ndi timayandama (zatsalira). Koma pali PAMASILETI "polugoryuchie" - mu zikuchokera awo lili zotsalira za zooplankton ndi zoobenthos.

Zakudya nakhala chifukwa cha "golide wakuda" - mafuta. "Makolo" mafuta - zotsalira za kale zamoyo planktonic.

Species mankwala, manganese ndi England - nyanja, ndende otsika zinthu zatu.

Ngati tikambirana madipoziti ndi phosphorite, oposa 90% ali m'dambo pansi pa nyanja, mmene, monga mukhoza ndikuganiza, organic. Kuyendetsa chachikulu cha phosphorous - timayandama, yomwe Nthawi zambiri monga madzi chowala anafotokoza usiku. Koma phosphorous matope pansi pa nyanja - ndowe za zooplankton.

manganese Ferruginous kapena miyala kupanga zamoyo zithaphwi, nyanja, nyanja, nyanja. chitsulo ndi manganese ndende ya chitsulo kumadalira.

Zamoyo ndipo alleity (kuphatikizapo bauxite), mchere, clayey ndi miyala clastic.

Koma "amphamvu kwambiri kuthekera mphamvu" analengedwa pa zaka zaka, wachedwa ndi tuzigawo twa a millimeter a. Timagwira mphamvu imeneyi pamlingo waukulu. Pa ziyembekezo muyenera kuganizira pakali pano, chifukwa ndi mayendedwe a katundu ambiri chuma ndi kwathunthu wotopa ndi zaka za m'ma izi ...