Zima zochitika zachilengedwe: Zitsanzo

Mmodzi wa nthawi wokongola kwambiri wa chaka, ndithudi, ndi yozizira. Iye akuyembekezera ana ndi akulu omwe, chifukwa frosty achisanu nyengo yozizira ndi nthawi wolimbikitsa.

Gulu la zochitika zachilengedwe: Zitsanzo

anomalies nyengo anawagawira ndi chikhalidwe cha chiyambi, zotsatira, nthawi, kukula ndi pafupipafupi. Paokha, ndi zochitika zachilengedwe ndi lachibadwa nyengo kusintha.

Ndi chiyambi ali geomorphological, biogeochemical, malo ndi nyengo. Ambiri amaonedwa kukhala otsiriza (mvula, mkuntho ndi zina zotero. D.). Ndi wokongola kwambiri wa iwo - yozizira zochitika zachilengedwe (Zitsanzo: chisanu, chisanu). Mu Asia ndi ku America m'zaka zaposachedwapa milandu zochitika geomorphological (kusefukira kwa madzi, mapiri, zivomezi).

Pakuti nthawi ya anomalies nyengo anawagawa pokha zing'onozing'ono yaitali. Zoyambazo monga zotupa moti chiphala ndi chivomezi, wachiwiri - chigumula, mvula, ukuwa, ndi wachitatu - kuyanika mitsinje kapena kusintha kwa nyengo. Pankhani zonse, ndiye muyezo zochitika zachilengedwe mwina nyengo kapena tsiku.

Kuopsa kwambiri miyoyo ya anthu chilengedwe nyengo zochitika - mphepo yamkuntho, mkuntho, mphezi. Zina ndi monga chisanu ndi zochitika zachilengedwe (Zitsanzo: ndi chisanu ukuwa ndi ozizira anomalous).

Pali mu dziko ndipo angapo zochitika chidwi. Ena mwa iwo ndi mwezi utawaleza kampira tingati mvula nyenyezi, ndi Aurora, ndi ena ambiri.

Khalidwe yozizira: Zitsanzo

nthawi ino ya chaka imatengedwa nthawi aakulu kwambiri M'madera a zitunda kumpoto. Dziwani kuti kwambiri kuti equator, yozizira kumayambira June-July. Ichi ndi chifukwa cha kutentha ndi polarity dzikoli.

Ndi chimodzi cha zizindikiro woyamba wa kufika frosts yozizira zimakhala zazing'ono ndi waufupi maola masana. Zima nyengo kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi, makamaka ku Russia ndi Scandinavia, nthawi zina kukwapula ku nkhanza zake. Mwachitsanzo, mu Norway kutentha akhoza kusiya digiri -45, ndipo Siberia palimodzi digiri -70. Koma mmene kukongola chikhalidwe m'nyengo yozizira (onani chithunzi. Mmunsimu)! Zimenezi ndi zoona makamaka kwa nkhalango za kuthengo ndi mapiri aatali. Komanso, pali ngati zochitika zachilengedwe yozizira kuyandikira nthawi ino ya chaka, monga mitambo otsika, mphepo, chisanu. Nthawi zambiri nyengo anomalies ndi mkuntho wa chisanu, wofuka chisanu, ayezi kapena zina m'ma December.

zochitika Zima chisanu

Pa nthawi ino ya chaka mu maiko Masewerera a Nordic nyengo yozizira kwambiri. Zima frosts kumeneko kufika pakhomo pa madigiri -60 ndipo pansipa. Mu nyengo kotentha, nyengo ndi kuloleza ndi zofewa (-20 ° ^C).

Claus ankaganiza mpweya kutentha amene ali pansipa 0 digiri Celsius. Izi umatchedwanso yozizira koopsa mfundo za madzi (madzi).

Frost monga chodabwitsa zachilengedwe zikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu:

• ofooka (-3 ° ^C);
• zolimbitsa (-12 ° ^C);
• kwambiri (-22 ° ^C);
• owawa (kwa -43 ^C);
• kwambiri (mpaka -54 ° ^C);
• nthenda (m'munsimu -55 ^C).

Dziwani kuti kuzizira nyengo mu nyengo youma ndi anasamutsidwa mosavuta kuposa mvula.

Zima zochitika: chisanu

Chamvula nyengo frosty umakhala m'malovu wotsimikiza madzi. Pa kudutsa ozizira mpweya particles chinyezi amaundana kuchita ndi kugwa pansi. zodabwitsazi amatchedwa chisanu. Ndi pafupipafupi kwambiri Mwina yatsoka m'nyengo yozizira pambuyo chisanu.

Tikumbukenso kuti aliyense flake si oposa 5 mm m'mimba mwake. Komabe, mu chikhalidwe takhala mobwerezabwereza anaona ndiponso kuchotserapo (30 mm). Mawonekedwe a zidutswa za chipale chofeŵa ndi osiyana Chrixitu. Makamaka zimenezi zikugwira ntchito kwa yokhotakhota nkhope. Ngakhale onsewo ali ndi chosokonekera wangwiro ndi contours lakuthwa. Aliyense flake ndi hexagon. mapangidwe Izi mtundu amayamba ndi tinthu madzi mawonekedwe amene ali 6 mbali. N'chifukwa chake chifukwa timibulu ayezi, kulumikiza ndi kuwonjezeka mu mlengalenga, kupanga hexagon wangwiro. Komanso mawonekedwe a zidutswa za chipale chofeŵa bwanji chinyezi ndi mpweya kutentha. Pamwamba woyamba chigawo ndi poyerekeza wachiwiri wamkulu adzakhala mizere ndi chodabwitsa.

Kunagwa chipale chofewa ndi zofunika kwambiri yozizira. Sugrobny yazokonza pansi akugwirizira kutentha bwino, osalola zomera ndi tizilombo kufa mu ozizira owawa. Komanso, chisanu amalenga kotunga wochuluka chinyezi zomera mu kasupe anatha kudzutsa.

zochitika Zima Mkuntho

Izi chodabwitsa zachilengedwe ndi kusintha kwa chipale chofewa padziko mphepo yamphamvu. Panopa zimatulutsa mitundu 3 Mkuntho: grassroots, ambiri ndi kumaseserekera chisanu.

Mkuntho wa chisanu (chithunzi cm. Pansipa) particles ayezi anamuukitsa kwa pamwamba padziko pansi, chifukwa cha zimene aone chatsitsa kwambiri. Ngati wosanjikiza pa chivundikiro ofukula ndi za 2 mamita, ngati mkuntho wa chisanu otchedwa pambuyo pake. Pamene yopingasa aone pafupifupi ziro. Komano, thambo ndi mitambo amaona bwino. Mphepo liwiro pa mkuntho pambuyo pake ndi pafupifupi 10 m / s. Pa zoyendera Mkuntho chisanu akupezeka wosanjikiza pamwamba mumlengalenga. Movement wa particles wa madzi achisanu ndi kwa makilomita. Mu aone izi yopingasa angafikire mamita oposa 2. Kudziwa zinthu zakuthambo sizingatheke. mphepo liwiro pa Mkuntho wa wopyola 12 m / s.

Yobwerera ndi kulanda chisanu mpaka mita imodzi. Pa nthawi yomweyo pali kwambiri ndi ofukula ndi yopingasa aone. zodabwitsazi zimawonedwa zambiri mu chisanu. mphepo liwiro ranges kuchokera 4 mpaka 6 m / s.

zochitika Zima ayezi

Izi anomaly zachilengedwe mwachindunji ndi mvula. Sikuthandiza kusokonezedwa ndi Matalala Osungunuka. Awa ndi mfundo ziwiri zosiyana.

Matalala Osungunuka akuimira chivundikiro madzi mazira (kusungunuka chisanu kapena pambuyo mvula). Zikuoneka kokha pamene kutentha amachepetsa chimaonekadi. Anapanga ngakhale 0 digiri ya.

Ice - ndi mapangidwe ayezi kutumphuka pa mitengo, mawaya pansi, omwe amagwirizana ndi mpweya padziko mazira. chodabwitsa Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri pamene kwanyengo mwadzidzidzi m'mwamba. Glaze ndi chimodzi mwa zochitika owopsa nyengo padziko lapansi, chifukwa kumayambitsa anavulala kwambiri ndi ngozi ya galimoto. Komabe, zochitika zachilengedwe ana yozizira ndi chochititsa chidwi ndi omasuka, chifukwa zingakhale zokwanira falitsani siketing'i ndi sledding pa ayezi, onse pa rink lapansi.

ayezi kumanga mmwamba amapezeka maola angapo. Koma kwe akuchedwa kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, mnjira anachedwa kwa masiku angapo.

Zima zochitika: amaundana-mmwamba

Zimenezi zikachitika yekha mu madzi. M'litali imasiyana malingana ndi zone malo ndi kutentha mpweya. Yozizira ndi mapangidwe chisanu wosanjikiza madzi. Cover amayamba pamene kutentha kwa mtsinje (nyanja) akutsikira madigiri ziro. Dziwani kuti m'madzi osaya izo aumbike mofulumira kwambiri. momwe akadakwanitsira zinthu kwa zikamera wa wosanjikiza ayezi ndi kutentha otsika ndiponso kusapezeka kwa mphepo. Mu chivundikiro nkuntho atangotha pa gombe.

Chotero zochitika zachilengedwe yozizira ndi choopsa kwambiri kwa anthu. Pa nthawi iliyonse, chivundikiro amatha kukhaulitsa, makamaka Mwina tsoka pa ayezi kulowerera. ndondomeko izi zimachitika mu mitsinje kudya loyenda. Madzi amayamba kuchepetsa ayezi ndi kutenga zinyalala achoke pagombe. Pang'onopang'ono zinyalala mazira kumangidwa chifukwa kugunda ndi kupanga zitunda wandiweyani.

zochitika Zima chisanu

Pantchito yachilendo, ngakhale nthawi zambiri ankafotokoza utoto woyera ndi mpweya kutentha zoipa mazenera anapanga. Kapangidwe ka mabungwe awa nthawi zonse mtengo. Mu meteorology ena amati dendrites.

Frost kuwonekera pa galasi mu mawonekedwe a mamolekyulu achisanu madzi pamene kunja mpweya kutentha akutsikira m'munsimu madigiri 2. Mtundu uwu wa wosanjikiza lotayirira, opaque ayezi. Dziwani kuti mu mapangidwe dongosolo kusewera yofunika yaying'ono-ming'alu zimakhalapo pa galasi. Dendritic crystallization nthawi kuyamba pansi, chifukwa mamolekyulu madzi ndi mphamvu yokoka. Asayansi atsimikizira kuti pamene chinyezi wachibale ndi lakuthwa kutentha dontho la kuphatikiza ndi opanda zitsanzo zofanana imachititsa 1 mita lalikulu la galasi kwa maola ochepa.

zochitika Zima kusuntha kwa chisanu ndi icicles

Chochititsa chidwi mpweya mu kutentha ndi kuzizira zonse kumatanthauza snowpack lalikulu. Nthawi zambiri, wofuka anapanga chifukwa cha mkuntho wa chisanu yaitali. Pali umagwiritsidwa zopinga iliyonse - kaya ndi mpanda, mpanda kapena chitsa yaing'ono. Wofuka akufanana ndi mchenga dune, koma iwo ali looser kwambiri ndi zambiri zosangalatsa. Anapanga kumbali leeward wa zimakulepheretsani.

Icicle ndi chidutswa cha ayezi amene chagona ku chinthu (denga, ulusi, mawaya). Kawirikawiri, ali mawonekedwe conical. Inakhazikitsidwa m'zaka snowmelt kapena runoff madzi. M'malovu msanga amaundana mchikakamizo cha kutentha otsika kupanga chomaliza mawonekedwe icicles.

Chotero zochitika zachilengedwe yozizira ndi loopsa kwambiri kwa anthu ndi isanayambike kutentha positive. Komanso icicles ukhoza kugwera pansi ndi yokoka. Komanso, chifukwa cha pakatikati formations ayezi nthawi zambiri zinadulidwa mawaya ndi nthambi za mitengo wosweka.

Osowa yozizira zochitika zachilengedwe

Mmodzi wa zodabwitsa kwambiri anomalies nyengo kugwirizana ndi nthawi ino ya chaka, amakuona ngati mkuntho wa chisanu. chodabwitsa Izi zimachitika kamodzi pa zaka 10. Chipale Chance zimachitika chifukwa kuwonjezeka lakuthwa mu kutentha tsiku mpweya. Fast kusunthira zowononga kwambiri fetches inasangalatsa lonyowa mpweya wotsika pansi ozizira ndi khwimbi lalikulu la mphezi ndi bingu.

chisanu wina osowa imatengedwa utawaleza. anomaly Izi zimapangitsa kamodzinso amadabwa ndi sizimadziwika ndi zodabwitsa chikhalidwe m'nyengo yozizira (onani chithunzi. Mmunsimu). Rainbow auka kwa refraction wa dzuwa pa timibulu ayezi kuti popachika mu mlengalenga. Izi zimafuna zinthu zinayi: mkulu chinyezi, chisanu chaukali, dzuwa, mphepo.

chosowa kwambiri, koma ndi oopsa kwambiri chodabwitsa imatengedwa yozizira chisanu flurry. Ngakhale posachedwapa kusintha zaka nyengo pa dziko, anomaly izi zimachitika kawirikawiri. Pansi ukuwa amphamvu anamvetsa Mkuntho ndi mphepo imathamanga choposa 60 km / h. mkuntho umenewu nthawi zonse zachulukazi ndi chizindikiro cha imfa ya moyo ndi kuwononga kwambiri.