Burgermeister - Ndi ... Kodi meya: phindu tanthauzo komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mawu

meya ndi ndani? Tanthauzo ali ndi matanthauzo angapo. Choyamba, meya - ndi dzina la udindo ndi utsogoleri wotanganidwa ndi mutu wa akuluakulu oyang'anira tauni. Pali matanthauzo ena. Mwachitsanzo, pali mtundu wina wa gull ndi dzina ili.

Mbiri ya mawu akuti "Meya"

Burgermeister - angasokonezeke German mawu Burgmeister, lomwe limatanthauza kuti "mutu wa mzinda." Mutu wa meya adawonekera kumayambiriro kwa zaka XVI-XVII m'mayiko ena ku Ulaya, amene anali zovomerezeka Germany malamulo mwambo: Switzerland, Austria, Luxembourg, Denmark, Belgium, Germany, Hungary, zigawo Baltic. Pamene tanthauzo la mawu akuti "Meya" anali limanenedwa ngati malo amene iye anali mtsogoleri wa boma oyang'anira tauni.

Mu Russia, meya ndi 60 ntchentche za XIX atumwi kutchedwa mutu wa boma m'tauni. Izi kapitawo anatsimikiza ndi zotsatira za chisankho cha madera a m'tauni. Osankhidwa Meya amalamulidwa holo tauni ndi woweruza. Iye m'malo pano "Zemsky mutu." M'mizinda akuzigawo meya ankaona a boma la kalasi chinayi, ndipo mizinda County mlingo - boma chakhumi kalasi. Maphunziro mmene Mzimuyo ubwino umene meya ntchito. Awa anali makamaka kusiyana malipilo ndi moyo.

Meya chisankho kunachitika zaka zitatu ndi malipiro yokonza ake allocated kwa revenues. Mwakhama ntchito ya mkulu anati satifiketi yoyamikira, malipiro apamwamba, kumasuka departmental okhala nyumba pamaso billeting. Panopa konse Union mayiko, dzina la chotero malo zinasungidwa ku Latvia. Udindo "za mawu meya" alipo mu Riga.

Burgermeister ku Germany

Mwachitsanzo, tipeze chimene meya ku Germany: udindo, udindo kapena adminedinitsa chitsanzo cha Berlin mzinda meya (zimene amachita, zimene ntchito yake).

Kulamulira mutu wa mzinda wa Berlin amasankhidwa osati monga mutu wa mphamvu wamkulu wa mzinda, koma mtumiki aboma, kaphatikizidwe ntchito awiri kufanana: mfumu ya mzinda ndi Nduna ya Boma la Berlin. The Meya panopa ndi imodzi mutu wa boma Berlin (seneti).

Mwa njira, mpaka 1948 meya ku Germany ankatchedwa "Ambuye Meya". A tanthauzo la "Bungwe Meya" - dzina loperekedwa ndi meya German za akuluakulu a Soviet nkhondo itatha. Inde, anali atachita okha dera la GDR. Mu Germany, chotero akuti sanali, chifukwa kumeneko adali ndi chikoka m'mayiko a Azungu.

Kodi atumiki akale?

Ngati meya - ndiye mutu wa mzinda, mdindo - mkulu wa m'mudzi. Mu Russia, izo zikanakhoza kukhala Mfumuyo, imayang'anira kuphedwa ntchito zawo wamba. Lilinso bata mu dziko.

Limatchedwa mdindo munthu amaikidwa ndi mwinimunda woyang'anira chuma chake. Mu ulamuliro wa Mfumu Petro bailiff ndi mkuluyu - ndi dzina lomweli pa woyang'anira anabzala kulamulira mzinda ndi subordinated kuti burmisterskoy tawuni ya kapena Komiti ya Moscow. Hamani anali ndi udindo kwa mayikidwe a nyumba, kukhazikitsanso awo, kutolera chuma cha zomangamanga. Popeza iye anafunsidwa pamaso pa likulu la mbendera ndi mphamvu kumenyana ndi asilikali a oyandikana.

The tanthauzo la makono a meya

Panopa, meya - ndi mfumu ya mzinda, wochititsa mkulu wa ndodo. Mu manja ake ndi, ndi lonse zamalamulo ndi m'dera zina. Mu Russia, dzina la chotero malo amodzi anali pambuyo Soviet kugwa. Tsopano dzina uyu anakhala boma.

Pamene mzinda kwathetsa kusankha kwa kazembe, meya chisankho anawatengera mwa maguluwo, oimira City Council. Ndipo moyenera, meya watsopano uyenera kukhala kazembe nusu.

maudindo ofanana

Burgermeister - ndi oyang'anira tauni nduna zapamwamba mu Germany ndi m'mayiko osiyanasiyana a ku Ulaya. Koma panali pali maudindo ena ofanana malo a mtsogoleri wa boma mzinda.

• Meya - dzina la ndigwira alipo m'mayiko Balkan: Macedonia, Croatia, Serbia, Montenegro;
• Meya - boma mtengo wa nduna Ukraine, Russia, Estonia, mpaka 1918;
• Mtsogoleriyu - kutumikira mizinda ya Lithuania ndi Czech Republic;
• Pulezidenti wa mzinda - dzina Polish a meya;
• mutu wa mzinda makonzedwe a - wogwira mu Russia ndi Kazakhstan;
• Mutu wa boma - mutu wa mumzinda kapena m'mudzi Russia;
• Kulankhula wapampando - Kubweza boma mzinda Albania.

Zoological tanthauzo

Kodi zikutanthauza mawu a meya Zoology? Nkomwe aliyense akudziwa kuti izi si gulu la boma komanso dzina lalikulu seagulls kumalo ozizira! dzina Ichi ndi chifukwa ikani mbalame za mudzi, umene ndi kudzikundikira mbalame "rookeries". Apa mbalameyi "kuyang'anira msonkho" kuti kusonkhana madera zosamukasamuka mbalame mu mawonekedwe a mazira ndi anapiye. M'dera la kufalitsa seagulls - zigawo kumalo ozizira of America, Asia ndi ku Ulaya. mbalame malo - kugombe miyala, m'mphepete mwa nyanja Titafika pamalo, zilumba kozizira.

Pomaliza, tikuona kuti mu zaka za m'ma 20 mu Moscow ndi St. Petersburg anatuluka otanthauzira wamba kusindikizidwa mawu achilendo samasowa mu chinenero cha Chirasha. Malinga ndi tanthauzo awo, meya - ndi:

• "Kusankhidwa mzinda wantchito amachokera ku kalasi wamalonda pamaso pa misonkhano wamba Duma ndi kayimidwe ka ntchito m'tauni";
• "Meya m'mizinda yonse German";
• "Ulamuliro wa mzinda aakulu pa kayendetsedwe ka mzinda."

Ndipo Meya - ndi mau amene wakhala wotchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha phokoso kanukanu wakale. Iwo anamutchanso ambiri zachilendo, pa koyamba, zinthu. Ndi dzina zotero mu mzinda wa Lviv (Ukraine) watsegula latsopano mini-yofululira moŵa, ndipo mu Moscow, muholo Square, mowa odyera "The Meya". Dzina yemweyo ndiye akulamulira fairyland Esgarot filimu wosangalatsa "The Hobbit".