Chidwi Biology. Chifukwa bowa ndi mabakiteriya otchedwa owononga?

Mu chikhalidwe, pali ambiri otchedwa unyolo chakudya. Nyama zina kudya zomera. Ena - nyama ya zamoyo zimene zimawononga mbewu zakudya. Ndipo anthu, nayenso akhoza kudyetsa anthu. Koma zamoyo zonse afika konse nthawi, kotero njira m'chilengedwe.

zosintha Natural chilamulo

Ndipotu, kulingalira ngati zamoyo zinakhalapo muyaya? M'dziko kuchulukana kale izo zikanadzachitika, zimene zinachititsa kuti kupanda kotunga khola mphamvu, komanso lonse chilengedwe kuipitsidwa. Kotero, molingana ndi malamulo kulili biosphere ndi zamoyo zonse timabadwa, kukula, amasiya ana amakalamba ndi kufa. biosphere A Choncho kusinthidwa iliyonse wachiwiri!

Maufumu a chilengedwe: zomera, nyama, bowa, mabakiteriya,

Iwo onse n'chiyani mwanzeru ndiponso mosamala makope zinthu. Ndipo pamene aliyense chamoyo tidzawukitsidwe kwa umoyo, ora la kuwonongeka kwa nkhani m'zigawo. Ndipo apa kuthandiza ndi chilengedwe kubwera mabakiteriya ndi bowa. Chifukwa bowa ndi mabakiteriya otchedwa owononga? Mfundo imeneyi akhoza mwachindunji zokhudzana ndi zochita zawo.

saprophytes

Choncho mwasayansi ndi zamoyo amene amasonyeza mphamvu zawo pa ndalama za mafupa a nyama zina ndi zomera. Kwenikweni, kuphatikizapo tizilombo bowa. Iwo kuwola ndinso thupi akufa "kasupe" - mankhwala osavuta zochita kupanga, kufufuza zinthu, kulola chikhalidwe kuti alimbikitsidwe mu zinthu zatsopano kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu alipo. N'chifukwa chake bowa ndi mabakiteriya otchedwa owononga. Koma iwo kuwola ndinso ntchito zake kubweretsa phindu kuposa zoipa.

World popanda saprophytes

Taganizani zimene zikanachitika ngati mabakiteriya ndi bowa sanali pokonza maselo akufa? Moyo weniweniwo mwina mukuponderezedwa pansi wosanjikiza paola kuwonjezeka mtembo wa akufa. saprophytes A, atanyamula chakudya, monga "ntchito" minofu akufa, zinthu monga orderlies kapena mizati, kuthandiza kuyeretsa zosafunika akonzanso zinyalala. N'chifukwa chake bowa ndi mabakiteriya otchedwa ofunkha, kutaya zotsalira za zamoyo akufa. Tsopano chatsimikiziridwirapo mwasayansi zotsatira zabwino izi kwachilengedwenso ndondomeko padziko lonse chilengedwe.

Chidwi Biology: mabakiteriya, nkhungu, zomera - saprophytes

Mfundo kwambiri lachokera ku Greek ndi anachokera ku mawu awiri "yoola" ndi "mbewu". Kodi zamoyo akhoza zimachitika m'gulu limeneli?

• Choyamba ichi, mabakiteriya onse ambiri. Iwo kuwola ndinso organic, kuchititsa lawola chakudya, nawo mineralization ndi asafe fixation. Ndipo ngakhale ena mabakiteriya m'mimba zamkati kupanga chimasanduka. Ena tizilombo ali makamaka udzafunidwa kwa gawo lapansi ndi: ntchito ngati chakudya chokha mitundu ina ya nkhaniyo organic (mwachitsanzo, mkaka). Ena pafupifupi omnivorous ndipo akhoza kudyetsa zosiyanasiyana mankhwala organic: alcohols, mapuloteni, chakudya zidulo.
• gulu akhoza zimachitika bowa yambiri. Pambuyo udzu ndi manyowa, zimene masamba, manyowa, nthenga, nyanga agwa zambiri kuitumikira monga gawo lapansi ndi zakudya. Honey agaric chilimwe, kawirikawiri moyo pa zotsalira za masamba ndi mitengo, ndi bowa onyenga amasankhidwa conifers. White kachilomboka akufotokozera m'madera olemera asafe. A tosaoneka bowa saprophytes amawononga chakudya anthu, kupanga izo unusable. bowa ambiri kulowa kudalirana ndi zomera apamwamba, yobwezeretsanso zinyalala awo mu mchere, amene akhoza kudya zomera dothi. Zimenezi ndi matanthauzo opindulitsa ndi umaonekera mayina nthawi zina bowa: boletus, Boletus. Gulu bowa zolusa, amene kudya tizilombo yaing'ono, conventionally Angagwiritsidwenso anatchula saprophytes. Chifukwa pamene palibe nyama yamoyo, iwo akhoza kudya zinthu zakufa organic.
• Pali saprophytes ndi pakati zomera ndi. Zikuphatikizapo: sundew, mistletoe, dodder, mwachitsanzo.

Tsopano inu mukudziwa chifukwa bowa ndi mabakiteriya otchedwa ofunkha (kwambiri kukumbukira udindo wawo zabwino mu chikhalidwe). Onse saprophytes ndi saprophagous "udindo" chifukwa kufalitsa zinthu mu biosphere ndiponso kutaya zinthu akufa, popanda zomwe mwina dziko udzawonongedwa.