Feat Peter Nesterov. The kuzungulira chinaperekedwa ku aviator Russian

oyendetsa Soviet polimba Nazi miimba nkhondo anapanga nkhosa zamphongo oposa mazana asanu. mlingo umenewu kuteteza Moscow kumwamba, woyendetsa akupanga Victor Talalikhin kukhala chitsanzo anthu ena. Monga mchitidwe kulola kuthawa kuukira ku Chigawo kumbuyo, ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito otchedwa "kuzungulira". Mlembi wa awa zapamwamba wamba ndipo akhala njira ndege - Russian woyendetsa Pyotr Nesterov. Kuzungulira ndi Tara anali nawo kwa nthawi yoyamba mu dziko. Pa tsiku ili ine ndikukumbukira osati onse.

anali "otetezedwa ndege" mu ulaliki wa English ndi French Kodi

Kumayambiriro kwa chiphunzitso ndege ballooning predominated mfundo muyende bwino, malinga ndi zimene ayendetsa zonse zotentha ndi ndegeyo akanayenera ikuchitika ndege yopingasa. Ofukula kayendedwe ankaloledwa pamene kukwera ndi kutsika. Kuopa zachilengedwe kumwamba predominated onse chiphunzitso ndi maganizo a banki aliyense amaona mwadzidzidzi ndipo amafuna kanthu mwamsanga kuthetsa izo. Koma lingaliro anali mwalamulo anavomera ndipo mdani wa. Iye ankafuna kuuluka bwinobwino, abweza "kugona" ndi gombe, ndipo ngakhale atembenuze ndege wanu ananena kuti Russian, "mozondoka". Sichinkagwirizana mu luntha lolemekezeka akatswiri yachilendo aviators. Palibe zodabwitsa kumeneko anali kuti kudzakhala ndi "chithunzi" piloting Russian alonda woyendetsa Pyotr Nesterov, maphunziro a Gatchina aeronautical sukulu.

mapangidwe

Chitsanzo cha changu pa ntchito yake ndiponso woganizira kudzipereka ku dzikolakwathu akhale ndi tsogolo la Peter Nesterov. Kuzungulira, anapanga iwo kukhala pachimake cha luso lake, koma yoyamba kugwira ntchito kwambiri. Banja la asilikali, choyamba nawo zida zankhondo mapangidwe. Pa mlingo wa lamulo wapamwamba wa sukulu Imperial Russian akhoza adzaweruzidwa ndi mmene bwino m'tsogolo woyendetsa katswiri wa masamu. Kudziwa zimenezi zinamuthandiza kuti zofunika kuwerengetsera ongolankhula, kulungamitsa kufunika mabanki motsatana ndi kuthekera ayendetsa ofukula kuti anaphunzira zidule wakupha. luso achititsa kuti kukhazikitsa ambiri a nyumba yake ndi kusintha machenjerero a ndege siriyo. Zonsezi zinali palibe ambiri a ndege za nthawi, asilikali luso ndi luso aerobatics, ndi china.

Monga izo zinali

chiphunzitso ndi zabwino, koma madalitso ake ayenera kukhala umboni wothandiza. Chifukwa ochepa ndege mtunda wautali, ndi aviator wolimba anabwera pafupi kukwaniritsidwa kwa lingaliro waukulu. Mu 1913, zonse anali wokonzeka. Ndege "Nieuport-4", zida ndi semidesyatisilnym galimoto "Gnome" anali mu Kiev Syretsko kumunda. The omvera anakumana pano, kuyembekezera protagonist ya kanthu likudzalo, woyendetsa Nesterov. The kuzungulira anali anaitana "akufa" chifukwa cha riskiness kwambiri za ichi "ciphers amapha." Tsiku la August 27, anali tsiku la kusintha ndege yaitali. Iye analandira dzina la munthu amene anapambana mantha wosatha a anthu anapereka ufulu akamagwiritsa, ndi ndege za m'tsogolo. Tsopano ndege wakhala mwala odalirika mlengalenga, mosasamala kanthu za udindo wake okhudza malo.

Kodi pa kuzungulira, dzina lake pambuyo 1913 Nesterov kuzungulira

The kuzungulira ndi ofukula mchitidwe ndege mu mawonekedwe a bwalo chatsekedwa, choncho dzina. Ndi uplink ndi downlink, malingana ndi malo a poyambira wachibale kwa kukhazikitsa komaliza. Panopa ntchitoyo chithunzi masewera amatipatsa pazipita akuyandikira mawonekedwe ake kwa bwalo (kwambiri ndi "rounder", ndi Choyenereza wa woyendetsa taonazi). M'nkhani ya mpweya nkhondowo weniweni, lamulo limeneli si ulemu, ntchito kwambiri "woyera" amalola mdani kulosera za udindo wa chandamale, amene mosavuta kugonjetsa, kawirikawiri ndi chowulungika, elongated vertically kapena horizontally. Mu nthawi ya kuzungulira Nesterov akhala likutuluka, mawonekedwe kufunika kwake chambiri. Anachita chidwi ndi chakuti panthawi ina, katswiri ndi ndege wake analenjekeka pamwamba pansi mozondoka.

kunja

History amatiphunzitsa kuti zinthu zofunika Russia zimadziwika kunja zikuwavuta kwambiri. Odzipereka mtima kuti apamwamba mwini (zambiri kungoganiza) unaonekera poyerekezera ndi chintchito woyendetsa Russian. Patapita masiku 12, kuzungulira ndi kuzungulira akhoza mobwerezabwereza French aviator Pegu. Inde, anali kuchita wosimidwa, mtima Ace sizingakanidwe, koma pazifukwa zina, ngakhale mu Russia wotsatira wa woyendetsa atolankhani athu tcheru kuposa upainiya ndipo theorist wa aerobatics. Lina ndipo tsopano kuzungulira ndi kuzungulira amakonda kuitana "akufa" kapena koyilo (Loop The Loop). Komabe, pali amakhulupirira kuti Marconi anapanga wailesi ...

Kuzungulira ndi kuzungulira mu "Uortundere"

Pali masewera kompyuta «nkhondo Thunder». Kuzungulira ndi kuzungulira mu izo - ndi zovuta aerobatics, chimene chimafuna enaake a "woyendetsa" -geymera. Kuchita izo, n'kofunika kupeza liwiro zofunika (amangoona kuti 400 Km / h) ndipo pang'onopang'ono pitiliza wolima ndi kusunga udindo uwu kwa nthawi yaitali m'chizimezime ndi mlingo. Nkofunika kuteteza mpukutu yovuta, chifukwa mu masewera, ndi ukuuluka weniweni khola mu yopingasa kusalankhula tailspin. Kuzungulira ndi kuzungulira mu «nkhondo Thunder» okongola ndi zovuta, koma atakhala pa polojekiti, inu simungathe kwathunthu kulingalira lonse zovuta za zotengeka woyendetsa sitima, zikuoneka kanthawi kochepa mozondoka. Komanso, ngati olephera, zotsatira za zochita cholakwika okha tanthauzo la kukhumudwa. Thambo si kompyuta, sakhululuka zolakwa ...