Features wa dziko ano. Features kulankhulana Masiku ano

Pa chiyambi cha kukambirana kuti akhoza ngakhale pang'ono bwanji makhalidwe a dziko chi, m'pofunika kuthandauza terminology lapansi. Pali awiri kwenikweni osiyana ndi mzake mwa njira ya ulimi capitalist: ndi bizinesi chapakati (ortokapitalizm, kuchokera Greek - weniweni, molunjika) ndi zotumphukira bizinesi (parakapitalizm, kuchokera Greek - za). Umoyo ndi zachuma formations zosiyanasiyana mogwirizana: ortokapitalisticheskaya ndi parakapitalisticheskaya.

World malo m'mbiri

Kudulidwa kwa danga mbiri dziko inkayenda mwa chiyambi cha zaka mazana makumi awiri. Malire ali kwakukulukulu lofanana ndi dongosolo lonse capitalist anagawa m'magulu awiri otsutsanawa dziko mbiri; mmodzi wa iwo - a azungu ortokapitalisticheskaya dongosolo, ndi zina - periphery m'dzikoli, kumene kunali parakapitalizm.

Potsatira vekitala chitukuko cha dziko masiku ano, Russia walowa mu dongosolo yozungulira periphery m'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi mochedwa, pamodzi ndi mayiko ena ambiri, amene anapanga parakapitalizm.

mbali zapadera Masiku ano - ndi ndondomeko ya m'malo kudalirana internationalization. Chirengedwe cha dongosolo lonse la zinthu mbiri anthu - internationalization izi. A kudalirana sociohistorical amalenga thupi limodzi. The lonse ndondomeko - kwathunthu anthu onse.

Umoyo-mbiri thupi, yemwe kubadwa tikulalikira tsopano ndi kalasi, chifukwa muli magawano a. Ortokapitalichtichesky pakati, powononga periphery - m'mayiko a Azungu. Unathandizira Peripherals - lonse. Features za chitukuko cha dziko la masiku kwathunthu zimadalira maonekedwe a njira ya kugawanika izi. Ndi padziko lonse kalasi nkhondo tikulalikira pa mphindi.

Wodzilamulira kuopsezedwa

Chida cha kalasi wolamulira dziko lonse boma zida, lomwe limalamulira mapangidwe ndi mosalephera. The ulamuliro wa pakati kumadzulo ndi kulandidwa kwa chenichenicho ufulu andale ndi azachuma wa zamoyo zonse sociohistorical pa periphery wa - makamaka dziko ano.

Kudalirana zikutanthauza kuti ngati mayiko Western adzautaya kuthekera ntchito lonse, iwo ayenera kuwononga bizinesi. Iwo mwina. Ngati njira zonsezi za bizinesi - ndi chapakati ndi zotumphukira - kufa, inafika nthawi kumanga anthu ayambe mtundu wosiyana.

Mwina kukhala popanda chuma payekha ndi masuku pamutu wa anthu wina ndi mzake. Mwina kukhala wosakwatiwa - popanda kugawa ndi pakati ndi periphery. Chotero kuti zimene zikhoza analosera mwa kupenda njira chitukuko ndi makhalidwe a m'dzikoli masiku ano.

Kudalirana: mumaganiza ambiri

dongosolo mgwirizano wa mayiko amakhala ndi kusintha kumayambiriro kwa XX-XXI zaka. Kudalirana akuchita ngati zovuta zochitika Geo chuma, geopolitical ndi geogumanitarnyh ndi mphamvu pa moyo wa maiko ali nawo mbali imeneyi. Kusintha zikuchitika muzochitika zones za moyo pagulu: chikhalidwe, chuma, mfundo, ndale, chikhalidwe, chilengedwe ndi moyo.

Mawonedwe pa zimene zikuchitika ndipo zikuchepa mwapang'onopang'ono kudalirana, osokoneza, ngakhale umasemphana kotheratu. Ena loopsa kwambiri kwa nkhani zachuma dziko, pamene ena mwachidwi patsogolo chuma ndi ukuyenda wonse wa anthu, ndi njira iyi akutchedwa kudalirana.

Kudalirana amasintha danga ndi nthawi ya coexistence anthu. danga ali wothinikizidwa, nthawi mbamuikha, malire, onse m'mayiko ambirimbiri ndiponso yapakati boma, amakhala mandala. Munthu amamva chakuti pali kutali malo ake, ngakhale pa Chigawo zina za dziko.

More mbiri ya mawu ndi mfundo

American zachuma Theodore Levitt mu 1983 anayambitsa mawu akuti "kudalirana" chikunena za pophatikizana a msika wa malonda a TNCs (transnational makampani). Zikamera mawu amenewa ndiye kuti Katswiri American Richard Robinson.

Komabe, anthu ambiri amavomereza umodzi tanthauzo la chodabwitsa cha kudalirana kwa sayansi yamakono dziko sanabadwe otukuka. Chiphunzitso cha chinthu ofotokoza kapena matanthauzo ofananafanana.

Kukula kwa msika lonse zimapangitsa dziko la zachuma phindu. Ngakhale kuti kuwululidwa ndi zimene kudalirana ndipo kodi makhalidwe a m'dzikoli masiku ano kuti zinasintha patsogolo yake yaikulu: Kudziwa za akulembayo kapena lachibadwa, ndipo mwina - bungwe, cholinga ndi kubweretsa mayiko onse ndi muyezo winawake.

The internationalization za cuma

Choyamba, kudalirana - mlingo wapamwamba wa kudalirana mabungwe onse a zachuma. The chachiwiri - kukula kwa zokolola ndi mpikisano apamwamba likuvutika kukula mfundo voliyumu ndi khalidwe la chidziwitso, komanso chitukuko luso.

Ndiko kuti, pamodzi ndi ndondomeko pophatikizana chuma chikuyendera dziko mu dongosolo lonse, ndondomeko ya kudalirana - ndi zikamera wa anthu ndi dongosolo yofunika. Kutanthauzira wachitatu akuti - njira dziko zosintha dongosolo.

Mulimonsemo, ndale, chuma, chikhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe muzochitika m'mayiko osiyanasiyana amakonda kuphatikiza, monga kudalirana kukula kwa amitundu, ndi thupi lonse chikhalidwe pang'onopang'ono wina. Awa ndi maonekedwe a dziko zamakono - sayansi chikhalidwe, kuphunzira kudalirana amasangalala zosiyanasiyana amalanga zovuta kwambiri kucheza ndi mzake.

Kudalirana ndi kutanthauzira

The lonse kudalirana wachibale, zidzachitika mu chitukuko munthu, ndi pakati pa chitukuko osiyana, ndondomeko chimakwirira dziko lonse, ndi unkafalikira zimakhudzanso m'madera onse atsopano ndi m'matanthwe onse lalikulu la anthu. makhalidwe Political a masiku ano - kudalirana. 10 kalasi iliyonse sukulu akuyendayenda ndale monga chodabwitsa pachisangalalo. Ndipo tsopano zonse ntchito pa kudalirana.

Koma aliyense kanthu ali counteraction Choncho, pamodzi ndi kudalirana, pali mbali zina za dziko masiku ano. Studies Social, mwachidule kuzipenya za khalidwe la anthu, sayansi zandale komanso nzeru, amanena kuti kuonera ndondomeko ya kudalirana Tingaone bwino ndi kuwonekera kutanthauzira mu mawonekedwe a kuphatikiza pa maziko a mfundo onse a mitundu ndi civilizational mabungwe. Choncho pali milandu chikhalidwe kudzipatula nkhani payekha thupi lonse.

Integrated dongosolo la chitukuko dziko

Kudalirana, ndithudi, ndondomeko lonse. Kuwonjezeka kudalirana kwa chuma m'mayiko munthu, kukula kufotokoza ntchito, katundu, luso, zachuma, olowa vuto kuthetsa - chakudya, zachilengedwe, kusamuka, chiwerengero - zonsezi ndi mbali ya makono view dziko.

Komabe, kudalirana sangathe okha yosavuta kukula kudalirana zinthu zamalonda m'mayiko payekha. Umabweretsa pamodzi m'madera onse a anthu, pang'onopang'ono amasintha danga dziko mu zone limodzi - usilikali ndale, chuma, pazankhani, chikhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe. N'zosavuta kusuntha zambiri, katundu, maganizo, umisiri ndi chuma.

Features kulankhulana Masiku ano yodziwika ndi kupezeka kwambiri nthawi zonse polumikizana ndi kulongosola chitukuko cha anthu padziko lonse dongosolo la kukhulupirika mtheradi. Kudalirana - cholinga ndondomeko, anakonza zonse magawo chitukuko cha chuma dziko. Komabe, zimakhudza mitundu yonse ya zinthu zotengera malingaliridwe.

Zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa kudalirana

Global chuma, ndale, chikhalidwe kusakanikirana ndi yogwirizanitsa - apa zimaonetsa za dziko masiku ano. Tebulo limasonyeza mbali yaikulu ya kudalirana.

Muwona ndi kuunikira njira ya kudalirana angakhale osiyana. Monga ulamuliro, kuwalandila iwo mu dziko anayamba ndi dziko osauka kwambiri adawopa. Ndipotu, mtundu limati palibe zimafika ndipo iwo sadzafa, ndi lingaliro la bizinesi lonse Kungoti yotheka. Mayiko ndi chuma ofooka zina chabe kuchepetsa mwayi wa, chifukwa tsopano m'gulu la zachuma ndondomeko lonse pansi pa chikhalidwe cha kugonjera ndi mtima wonse zofuna za makampani ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Kachiwiri, awa ali mbali ya dziko ano. Mwachidule mwachidule, timasonyeza chitsanzo kumachitika chifukwa.

Mwachitsanzo, Greece sikuloledwa kwa katundu ndi wotchuka mafuta Union a European maolivi Komanso iye amakakamizidwa kugula tomato Dutch, tsabola ndi anyezi. Chifukwa masamba Dutch mtengo, oipitsitsa, ndipo iwo saloledwa kuti zimagulitsidwa. Kodi anthu a dzuwa Greece kupirira kugula masamba kuchokera kumpoto kwa dziko - mungathe kungoganiza. Koma chinthu chofunika ndicho chuma Greece a Kodi sangapambane mu mgwirizano umenewu ndi chilichonse.

mavuto Global

mavuto padziko lonse ali osiyanasiyana, koma kugawana kulunjika wamba zingapo zochititsa wamba.

• Mavuto dziko, zogwirizana ndi zofuna ndi tsogolo la anthu onse.
• Kuopseza chitukuko anthu.
• Mavuto amene afunikira yankho mwamsanga.
• Mavuto okhudzana ndi mzake.
• Mavuto amene amafuna kanthu fuku wa anthu padziko lonse.

Mwachitsanzo, mavuto a umphawi, underdevelopment, Kusiya, kupewa nkhondo, chakudya, mphamvu ndi zipangizo zinthu zachilengedwe, malo okhala anthu, chitukuko anthu - makamaka Masiku ano. Studies Social mwachidule formulates ndi mavuto, kuphatikiza iwo m'magulu atatu.

• Intersotsialnye mavuto: mpikisano manja, backwardness a mayiko ena, chitetezo ndi zina zotero.
• Mavuto a umoyo-zaziwerengero: umphawi, kuchuluka kwa anthu, matenda, chakudya ndi zina zotero.
• Mavuto a chikhalidwe cha anthu ndi chilengedwe: zipangizo, malo kufufuza, kuipitsidwa ndi zina zotero.

Anthu ayi odalirika kuletsa masoka padziko lonse. Ndiponso mantha nthawi zonse kuwonjezeka chifukwa zochita za njira zothandiza anthu ndi nyumba za anthu. Mwachitsanzo, uchigawenga padziko lonse bwino amafuna nkhondo yolimbana izo lonse dera. Features kulankhulana Masiku ano kale kulola mwaphindu zinthu malangizowo.

Vuto wosankha

Ambiri amakhulupirira kuti kudalirana adzapindula mayiko olemera ndipo potsiriza kuwononga osauka. Mwina choncho. Tsoka la anthu tsopano zimadalira sanapezebe neglobalisticheskogo ntchito m'mapulaneti. Angakane kudalirana mwa chilengedwe cha dongosolo m'dera yapakati boma m'mayiko ena.

Mwina adzalenga lero Atsogoleri dziko, monga China, India, Latin America ndipo, ndithudi, Russia. vuto awo ndi kulenga wamba mapulaneti kukhulupirika, ndi kukhulupirika zosowa kupanga kuti apulumutse makhalidwe dziko ndi abwino miyambo mtundu uliwonse. ntchito imeneyi ndi mzimu mkulu!

Global cataclysms zimachitika nthawi zambiri chifukwa kupanda kusanthula mizu majini ndi mbiri ya mtundu uliwonse ndi machitidwe munthu zachuma, komanso danga onse padziko lonse chuma, amafuna kufufuza bwino dongosolo lawo ontological.

Aliyense dziko lili ndi mwini dziko malamulo chibadwa, zimene ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza mapulani kwa njira padziko lonse kupulumuka mangawawo. Kumene, njira limeneri lagona pa kapangidwe zachuma, chifukwa cha zinthu dziko nyumbayi, ayenera kupereka kayendedwe zonse chuma mmwamba.

Chitukuko cha chuma chilichonse dziko zimakhudza padziko lonse kukula chuma amatenga khalidwe chilengedwe, monga chigawo ake, osati chuma ndi luso, komanso mwauzimu ndiponso chikhalidwe. Features kulankhulana Masiku ano kulola interpenetration dongosolo lililonse.

Komabe, lonse lathunthu dziko chuma ndi chodziwikiratu kuti akhale konsekonse. Choncho, muyenera kupanga azisiyana - kuti lizigwirizana kudalirana komanso mabungwe a zachuma a m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Miyambo sangalepheretse zikamera padziko lonse iwo okha kuthandiza kupewa incitement mikangano dziko pa malo mitundu.

Mungathe kuona bwinobwino anayamba chuma China, ngakhale anatha kusunga mabungwe onse chikhalidwe. Ganizo latsopano lachifumu anatsimikizira yotheka ndithu, nayenso ndi chenicheni njira kuti kupulumutsa lonse Western globalism ndi lathu kwa dziko unipolar.

About Russia - mawu wapadera. njira Kudalirana bwanji pa iye, ndipo iye yekha kusankha mbiri. Iye ali ndi tanthauzo lapadera chifukwa anali ndiye kuti tsoka adzakhala anaganiza, ndipo boma Russian ndi anthu okhala pa malire ace, ndi kuti Mbali yaikulu - tsogolo lonse la dziko.