Immanuel Velikovsky: yonena ndi chithunzi

Immanuel Velikovsky - amadziwika psychoanalyst, amene anabadwa mu Russian Ufumu. maphunziro pamoyo anakhala moyo mu United States. Mu mbiri ya sayansi, unakhalabe monga connoisseur wa nthaka ndi zakuthambo, wolemba mfundo zingapo pachiyambi. Mwachitsanzo, "revisionist mbiri". Ofotokoza Velikovsky akufuna kuti zayamba kubwereza mbiri yakale, makamaka za Middle East.

Wambiri Velikovsky

Immanuel Velikovsky anabadwa mu Russian Ufumu 1895. Iye anabadwira mu mzinda wa Vitebsk, omwe tsopano ali mbali ya Belarus. Makolo ake anali Ayuda. Bambo anga anali munthu wamalonda. Mu nkhani iyi, banja mosamalitsa Pamilunguyo M'zipembedzo. Bambo a Emmanuel anali mkulu wofuna kuthandiza yogwira. Makamaka, iye ankalalikira mwakhama mu gulu Zionist.

Immanuel Velikovsky anali ndi khalidwe maphunziro zachikhalidwe. Komanso, poyamba kunyumba kusukulu, sanapite, koma makolo anga tcheru kwambiri kukula m'nzeru mwa mwana wake. Ngakhale ndili mwana, Immanuel ankaphunzira Baibulo ndi Ayuda malemba makolo adadziwa Chifalansa ndi Chijeremani.

Pamene mnyamata atakula, anatumizidwa ku Moscow Imperial zolimbitsa thupi. nyumbayi anapulumuka masiku ano. Tsopano ndi zolimbitsa thupi Griboyedov.

Kusankha kopita

Sankhani zimene sayansi adzachite moyo wanga, Immanuel sizinali zophweka. н получал образование в шотландском Эдинбурге. About N anaphunzitsidwa ku Edinburgh, Scotland. Ndipo ndi chiyambi cha nkhondo World ndinalembetsa mu mphamvu ya Medicine. Madokotala omwe okhudzidwa zaka. Koma phunziro ili sayansi okha sadafune kuti asamagwiritse. Mu yomweyi, Immanuel Velikovsky anapita ku mabungwe a mbiri yakale ndipo jurisprudence.

emigration

Mu Russia, banja Velikovsky ankakhala pamaso zitasintha. Kenako zinakakamizika kuthaŵa kum'mwera kwa dziko. Koma apa iwo Sanasangalale, Velikovsky pafupifupi woyera mpirawo.

Iye anabwerera ku Moscow kokha mu 1921. The ngwazi za nkhaniyi anakwanitsa achire pa yunivesite kumene linaperekedwa digiri mbuye mankhwala. Madokotala zinali zofunika kuti boma wamng'ono Soviet.

Komabe, kupeza okha chilengedwe wosinthika kwenikweni Velikovsky sakanakhoza. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, mu 1922, iwo anasamuka ku dziko. Makolo Immanuel anapita ku Palestina, kumene bambo ake anapitiriza zimalimbikitsa mfundo wobwerera ku Israel m'madera makolo, ndi Immanuel anapita ku Germany. Anakakhala ku Berlin.

Mu likulu German, iye anayamba kuphunzira sayansi. Choyamba anali ndi chidwi zamoyo. Mu Vienna ndi Zurich, iye anayamba kuphunzira maziko a psychoanalysis ndipo anachita chidwi mu peculiarities ya ubongo wa munthu.

Ankadziwa Einstein

Velikovsky anakakhala Berlin. Kodi pa nthawi ina iye anatulutsa sayansi magazini otchuka, dzina kwenikweni linamasuliridwa kuchokera ku Chilatini kuti likumasuliridwa kuti "University Kulemba".

M'magazini ino Ndinalemba nkhani Albert Eynshteny pamene naye ndinafunitsitsa Velikovsky. Lolembedwa ndi wotchuka wa sayansi sayansi ndi masamu kuti amene anatuluka mu chimango cha buku "Kulemba University".

Mu kalata iyi panali ambiri asayansi otchuka amene kenako anayambitsa University achiheberi ku Yerusalemu. Pambuyo Germany Immanuel Velikovsky ankakhala Palestine ndi makolo ake, kumene komanso mkonzi wa magazini sayansi maphunziro.

Iye anakhala kusuntha molimba moyo wake mu United States mu 1939. Izo mu America, Velikovsky anayamba njira ndi amange mfundo zawo chosintha sayansi.

malingaliro Velikovsky a

Mu 50-70-ntchentche wa Velikovsky Chatuluka mabuku ambiri, womwe wakhala mwachangu absentia kukangana ndi asayansi monga Charles Darwin, amene anakonza chiphunzitso cha kusankha zamoyo ndi chiyambi cha munthu, ndi Charlz Layel, amene amaonedwa tate wa dziko wamakono wa nthaka.

Velikovsky anakonza chiphunzitso chakuti onsewa dziko ndi mwachindunji ndi zina kukopa zazikulu njira miyala, komanso zambiri pa njira ya mbiri ya dziko lapansi.

The ngwazi za nkhaniyi mwachangu chosangalatsa kwa sayansi yosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo mbiri, geophysics, nthano, zakuthambo zinthu zakale, zilankhulo, ndipo ngakhale folklore. Chifukwa cha Velikovsky anapeza kuti yogwira akatembenuka lapadziko mpumulo chinakhalapo mpaka posachedwapa. Wasayansi woyamba ankaganizira mapangidwe oundana, nyanja, mapiri, ntchito chiphala. Mboni za kutembenuka anali anthu amene analipo pa Nthawi zingapo - mkuwa ndi chitsulo Ages, ndipo ngakhale Neolithic.

Mphamvu pa mbiri yakale

Ndipo Velikovsky ankanena kuti onsewa dziko mukopedwe osati miyala kokha, komanso njira zakale. Makamaka chimene chinali kuchitika mu Middle East. Makamaka, anaona kuti njira yomweyo zimakhudzidwa ndi zochitika za m'Baibulo.

Malinga ndi iye, cataclysms mu dongosolo la zowalitsa anayenera zimakhudza awo mwachindunji. Choyamba, chosinthira Mapulaneti ku zawozo, makhalidwe kusintha kwa kasinthasintha wa dziko lapansi, ndi kusintha nyengo.

Immanuel Velikovsky, amene yonena wakhala zoyenera maphunziro awa, amanena kuti mwambo wa kuiwala zochitika woona kuti sindikukumbukira m'badwo wotsatira chifukwa otchedwa lonse amnesia anthu. Pankhaniyi, asayansi ntchito mfundo za psychoanalysts. Monga asayansi amati, kukumbukira zoopsa za anthu lonse amakakamizidwa kunja kwa chikumbumtima malingaliro, pamene kuwachotsa sikunali kotheka.

Kuwerengera wazolengedwa wakale

Iye anakonza maganizo awo mu mabuku angapo Immanuel Velikovsky. "Wazolengedwa mu kugunda" anali imodzi mwa ntchito zikuluzikulu za sayansi ya. Mu izo, iye ananena kuti dongosolo la chitukuko akale amene ntchito paliponse, ndi cholakwika. Zolakwika namtsata zopindika Egyptologists oyambirira, poyamba molakwa anatsimikiza tsiku la zochitika kiyi mbiri. Choncho ndikofunikira kubwereza m'mbiri, makamaka mu kuwala kwa atulukira posachedwapa zosiyanasiyana za sayansi.

Velikovskiy Immanuil, buku umene panthawi imeneyo ndi chidwi chachikulu, kupeza nthawi ziwiri, iliyonse yotha za zaka 600 imene zinthu zakale ndi zithunzi kuoneka pogwiritsa ntchito mayina osiyanasiyana.

Choncho, mu bukhu lake, Emanueli Velikovsky ( "Mkangano Chifukwa wazolengedwa", kerala-buku la zomwe zingapezeke) akufotokozera chifukwa palibe machesi kwa nthawi pakati magwero amasimba pa dzanja limodzi, Igupto, pa zina - nkhaniyo Old Testament. Velikovsky kuika patsogolo pa kungoganizira ya kukhazikitsanso zina za mbiri. Iye analola kuti iye ikukhudzana zina, mafotokozedwe amene sanapezeke kale.

kukhazikitsanso mbiri

Zitsanzo ukutchulidwa Immanuel Velikovsky ( "kugunda wazolengedwa" anali wodzipereka kwa izi) Hyksos. Ili ndi dzina la anthu, anapambana gawo la Egypt. Iwo ankaganiza kuti iye kwenikweni Aamaleki - anthu anakubwera Arabia ndi Palestine. Ndipo Afilisti anatenga ulamuliro ankhondowo Persian, ndi mercenaries Greek.

Kuchokera pa mfundo imeneyi, Velikovsky kuzindikiridwa Aigupto regent Hatshepsut ndi mfumukazi Sheba anatsimikiza OT ndi Thutmose III, limene, mogwirizana ndi Egyptologists anagonjetsa Palestine ndi Syria, poyerekeza m'Baibulo mfumu Shishakov, zomwe ziri zodziwika bwino wakubayu Yerusalemu kachisi mu X atumwi BC.

Chitukuko, "mizukwa"

Lingaliro la mbiriyakale ya Velikovsky padera lingaliro tsivilizatsiyah- a "mizukwa". Iwo, malinga ndi malingaliro a sayansi linauka chifukwa cha zolakwa mwa dongosolo chikhalidwe. Mwachitsanzo, iye ankaganiza kuti sanakhaleko Ufumu wa Ahiti. Ndipo kwenikweni anali Chaldean wa Babulo chitukuko omwe analipo nthawi ina.

Pa nkhani imeneyi, munthu yemweyo anali ku Babulo wolamulira Nebukadinezara ndi Mhiti mfumu Hattusili.

kuwerengetsa Velikovsky a

Mu asayansi malingaliro Velikovsky ali ofunika mosiyana. Wotchuka mbiri ya ngwazi za nkhaniyi analemba ion Degen. "Immanuel Velikovsky" - iyo imatchedwa. Mmenemo wolemba mwatsatanetsatane za tsogolo la wasayansi, anthu kugwirizana nazo.

Immanuel Velikovsky, amene chithunzi pakati pa XX atumwi, limapezeka nthawi zambiri mu masamba a magazini otchuka, zikuoneka kuti chikunena za chitukuko amakezana m'pofunika kusintha kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, inakwaniritsidwa pa Mediterranean, Mesopotamia, Foinike ndi Iguputo, Greece, Babulo, Asuri ndi Yuda.

Komabe, mwa ambiri oimira anthu sayansi lingaliro la Velikovsky anachititsa kutsutsa lakuthwa. Mu Isiraeli, pakuti yapindula mbiri kathyali. Ndipo apa mu US mabuku ake pikhabuluka mwa anthu wamba, amene angayerekezedwe ndi otchuka mu Russia Anatoly Fomenko, komanso amakonda mbiri njira ina. Koma US asayansi komanso malingaliro awa sagwirizana.

Velikovsky zochitika

Chifukwa cha Mphekesera kucenjerera wasayansi anathyola ngakhale kutchedwa "Velikovsky chibwenzi." Iwo anali ngati maziko osati chiphunzitso, komanso umunthu wa wolemba mbiri. Ndinayamba manyazi kwambiri.

Kudana anzake pansi shopu kungasokoneze pa boma maganizo ndi maganizo Velikovsky. Pamapeto pake anafika zovuta kwambiri mwauzimu. Kumapeto kwa moyo wake ndi ntchito, iye anasiya chikhulupiriro pofuna kutsimikizira osachepera wina ndi anzake otchuka mu kumanja. Ngakhale sichitha kuti amange mfundo zawo.

Pa ntchito yomanga mbiri ya dziko lakale ndalemba buku kuposa wina, Velikovskiy Immanuil. "Ages mu Chisokonezo" Mwachitsanzo, zoyenera nkhaniyi. Koma, monga ambiri a ntchito zake zina, ntchitoyi anali azitengapo anakumana ndi akatswiri. The anaonazo ziwachitikira buku la "Dziko Lapansi kulanda boma la." Immanuel Velikovsky ndi wofalitsa lake kuwaopseza, mabuku ake boycotted, ndi mbali Ankawaphwanyira ntchito.

ofufuza za mbiri yakale

Ndicho chimene amasonyeza polemba chinenero mabuku ambiri amene analemba Velikovskiy Immanuil. "Oedipus ndi Akhenaten" - mmodzi wa ntchito.

owerenga amasankha kukhala kufufuza chidwi cha zinsinsi mbiri ndi masamu. Choonadi n'chotheka pamaziko a mosamala a mbiri yakale ndi maumboni a dziko wakale.

Pa mfundo imeneyi, wolemba amaika patsogolo, pa koyamba maganizo zosaneneka, chimene sangathe kukhulupirira, mpaka mutu si mukuyamba chidwi amanena za mbiri yakale. Mu buku lino, wolemba amayesetsa kuyankha funso la amene anali makamaka Mfumukazi ya ku Sheba, kuposa pakati ofanana Farao Akhenaten ndi Mfumu Oedipus lodziwika bwino.

mbiri wosamala ndi ndiwofatsa ndithu kudabwa, popeza ndizolowere mfundo zimene amachita Velikovsky. Koma owerenga Mulimonsemo kuti adatengedwa. Iwo akuyembekezera kuwerenga nkhani.

Kodi Velikovsky anali kulondola?

Patapita nthawi, zinadziwika kuti ambiri malingaliro ake Velikovsky anali kulondola. Analidi posachedwapa ndi mokwanira kufufuza.

Mwachitsanzo, buku la zomwe dziko Jupiter limatulutsa phokoso wailesi, zomwe anasonyeza nkhani pa University Princeton mu 1953, zaka ziwiri asonyeza zakuthambo Franklin ndi Burke.

Mu 1969 Velikovsky ananena kuti nthaka mwezi ali ndi nyese katundu. Research Nthaka American spacecraft "Apollo 14" ndi "Apollo 15" zikutsimikiziridwa.

Mu 1950, m'buku lake "wazolengedwa mu kugunda" wasayansi kunena kuti nikulingana ndi kuwerengetsera wake, Venus, kutentha Lapansi ndi apamwamba kwambiri. Momveka kumatsimikizira mawu awa anakwanitsa zaka 11 pambuyo zakuthambo Drake.

Kenako mu 1961, US danga zasayansi anatsimikizira kungoganizira wina Velikovsky za Venus. Kunapezeka kuti dziko kwenikweni ali ena katundu anomalous. Mwachitsanzo, ndi chibadidwe kasinthasintha retrograde.

M'buku lomweli, "wazolengedwa mu kugunda", Velikovsky ankanena kuti Venus kachulukidwe ndi apamwamba kuposa Dziko Lapansi. Mu zaka 60 anafika kutali dziko danga kafukufuku "Woyendetsa Chombo", ndipo kunapezeka kwenikweni bwino.

Scientist anamwalira mu 1979 mu United States, mu Princeton, New Jersey. Iye anali ndi zaka 84. Dziwani kuti a dziko lonse sayansi okha Einstein nthawi kwambiri za malingaliro ake. Onse a anadzudzula Zina mwa otsatira ake Velikovsky molimba chifaniziro cha wofera wa chowonadi amene unazokotedwa osafuna kusintha motsimikiza. Mu Russian misa mabuku ake ochokera. Mungapeze mabuku okha.