Islam: Mapangidwe ndi chitukuko cha dziko la chipembedzo

Today pali ena oposa 800 miliyoni a zipembedzo monga Islam. Zikamera wa chikhulupiriro uyu anali kumbuyo mu chiwiri m'ma AD, koma mpaka tsopano sanataye kutchuka kwake ndi akadali zogwirizana. Ndipotu, kodi chipembedzo, ife kumvetsa lero.

Mbiri ya kuwuka kwa Islam

chipembedzochi ali kusanduka kutali. Kugonjera, kudzipatulira kwa chifuniro cha Mulungu - izo zikutanthauza pomasulira mawu akuti "Islam". Zikamera wa chipembedzo kugwirizana ndi dzina la Muhammad, chimodzi cha aneneri a Mulungu. Dzina lenileni la munthuyu - Ubu-il-Kassim. Muhammad - uwu si mneneri wapadera. Asilamu amalemekeza amadziwika Orthodoxy Nowa, Abulahamu, Mose Yohane, ndi Yesu Khristu. Muhammad imatengedwa wamkulu wa aneneri ndi wotsiriza wa iwo. Pa nthawi yomweyo zikamera ndi kufala kwa Islam imatengedwa njira oona kupitirizabe ziphunzitso za Old Testament.

Muhammadi

Woyambitsa wa wophunzira Muslim anabadwa cha m'ma chiwiri BC, pa nthawi imene mosavuta chikhulupiriro cha anthu Arab linali yambiri ndi kupembedza mafano. Aluya wakale ankalambira milungu yambiri, ndipo angelo daemons (Gene). Muhammad unawonongedwa ndi kupembedza muno wake. Iye anapita kukakhala ku phanga mu mapiri. Akafike zaka 40 anayamba kuoneka kwa masomphenya mneneri wotumidwa kwa iye Arhangela Gavriila. The nyengo mabvumbulutso mngelo anamuuza kuti alembe ziphunzitso zake zonse. Kenako, zolemba izi munapanga Koran - gwero zoyambirira za chipembedzo cha Chisilamu. Zikamera wa chikhulupiriro ichi poyamba osati mwachangu amaona Aluya, ndi mneneri, ngakhalenso kuzunzidwa ndi mlandu chifukwa cha malingaliro awo. Akatswiri Muslim akhala opanda pake kwa amalonda amene analandira ndalama kuchokera amwendamnjira kulambira mafano mafuko.

Atamwalira mkazi wake Khadija, Muhammad ndi mtima wonse kuthandiza chipembedzo linakhazikitsidwa ndi iye, Mneneri anakakamizika kupanga kuthawa mwachizolowezi wake Mecca pamodzi ndi wophunzira ake Abu Bakrn mzinda wa Yathrib. mphindi ino ndi zinasintha kwa chikhulupiriro lonse lotchedwa Islam. Zikamera wa kalendala Chisilamu anali pa nthawi ino kwambiri. Tikhoza kunena kuti kuyambira nthawi imeneyi anayamba mbiri boma la chipembedzo. Pambuyo pake, iye anali atagwa kutsogolo kwa Muhammad, mzinda wa Yathrib anadzatchedwa. dzina lake latsopano adawomba, ndipo zikumveka akadali ngati Medina. Muhammad ophatikizana mphamvu za ndale ndi chipembedzo, iye anali mfumu komanso mneneri. Medina anali pa nkhondo ndi Mecca, imene mapeto anagonjetsedwa. mafano onse anawonongedwa, koma mzinda anapitiriza kukhala lopatulika, koma tsopano - otsatira a Chisilamu. Chifukwa, ndi mapeto a moyo wake Mneneri anali wolamulira wa zonse Arabia.

chitukuko cha zikhulupiriro

Guulu la Mohammed agwirizana kuti awo chipembedzo, Syria, Egypt, Yerusalemu, Persia ndi ku Mesopotamiya, kumpoto-kumadzulo India ndi zigawo Europe. Lero, Islam ndi amphamvu gulu mphamvu m'mayiko Arab ndi zikhulupiriro zazikulu.