Kupewa ndi chitetezo motsutsana a chiwindi B. The katemera motsutsana a chiwindi B

Chiwindi B - matenda tizilombo kuti nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa kuwonongeka chiwindi ndi mavuto ena. Pakati alionse padziko lonse anthu oposa 350 ndi kachilombo ndi HIV umene za 250,000 amafa chaka chilichonse matenda aakulu chiwindi. Chaka chilichonse, mayina Russia yekha kwa milandu 50 miliyoni atsopano a chiwindi B, ndiponso yathunthu pali za miliyoni 5 onyamula HIV.

"Matenda a chikasu ndiyo" Katemera motsutsana a chiwindi B ndi okhawo odalirika njira kuteteza HIV. Awa ndi matenda owopsa, nthawi zina sapereka zizindikiro zenizeni. Matendawa akhoza kugwirizana ndi amadwaladwala ambiri kufooka kwa thupi, kusowa chilakolako tikamapita ku zakudya mafuta, matenda a chiwindi, kuyabwa ndi chikasu pathupi. Mwatsoka, maonekedwe pachimake za matenda si nthawi zonse curable, ndi 5-10% milandu sizikutha. Ndiye kuti akhoza kuchita matenda enaake ndi khansa chiwindi. Nthawi kwambiri, kuwonongeka chiwindi amapezeka yaikulu zimene zingachititse kuti imfa.

Mitundu ya chiwindi B

Chiwindi B Pali zingapo mitundu ndipo anawonetseredwa mu njira ziwiri:

• pachimake;
• aakulu.

Chiwindi mu mawonekedwe pachimake akufotokozera yomweyo pambuyo kufala kwa HIV ndi munthu ali matenda. Nthawi zina matendawa amakhala aakulu ndi moyo pachiswe mtundu wotchedwa fulminant. Oposa 90% odwala wamkulu ndi pachimake kutupa C kuchiritsidwa, ena matendawa amakhala aakulu.

Ngati mwana wongobadwa kumene matenda a chiwindi kwa mayi pa 95% milandu matenda zipita mawonekedwe aakulu. Popereka zizindikiro mu mawonekedwe a matenda angakhale osiyana ndi zosiyanasiyana mkati osiyanasiyana onyamula, popanda zizindikiro zilizonse mpaka siteji yogwira za matenda aakulu, matenda enaake m'kupita. Izi ndi matenda yodziwika ndi mkhalidwe wapadera wa minofu chiwindi. Pali kusintha dongosolo, mapangidwe mbali yovulazidwa, anaphwanya ntchito zofunika m'thupi.

Matendawa matenda njira

The chiwindi B HIV opezeka mu madzi onse thupi la munthu wodwala matenda HIV. Kuchuluka chachikulu cha zili adzalandira magazi, umuna, ukazi. N'zochititsa chidwi zochepa HIV thukuta, malovu, misozi, mkodzo, ndipo secretions zina za anthu thupi.

HIV imafalikira mwachindunji pokhudzana mucosal kapena kuonongeka khungu gawo la madzimadzi zamoyo odwala anthu.

Katemera motsutsana a chiwindi B

M'mayiko ambiri, katemera chiwindi B chofunika kuti pamalowo dokotala. Yofunika kwambiri ndi katemera wa ana ku HIV m'masiku oyambirira a moyo wawo. Komanso onetsetsani kuti amalandira katemera ndi magulu a anthu, monga:

• Odwala matenda zimene zimafuna ka mtsempha jakisoni, kuika kapena hemodialysis;
• Wogwila mabungwe onse zachipatala
• zachipatala ophunzira;
• sukulu ndi sekondale ophunzira;
• achibale ndi ophimba aakulu a chiwindi B;
• anthu kawirikawiri ku madera ndi mlingo mkulu zochitika;
• anthu amene sanakhalepo kuti katemera HIV.

Amene sizikugwirizana mu iliyonse ya magawo chiopsezo, katemera chiwindi B chikuyendetsedwera pa pempho lawo. Mmene alumikize ayesedwa zochokera maopaleshoni kangati anapita mano ndi zodzikongoletsera, zozipakapaka, tsitsi salons, mfundo yobereka ndi magazi ndi zina. D. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti njira yaikulu matenda ndi kukhudzana kugonana, kuchokera katemera chiwindi B ayenera anaonetsetsa pakalibe bwenzi zonse kugonana.

The katemera ndandanda

Katemera motsutsana a chiwindi B ikuchitika jekeseni mu mnofu katatu pa chaka choyamba cha moyo, ndiyeno akubwerezedwa mu moyo wa mwana mu '14 ndi imeneyi ya miyezi 0-1-6. Katemera motsutsana a chiwindi B kumabweretsa kupanga zoteteza chitetezo chamoyo. Ndondomeko komanso chikuchitidwa kwa anthu amene sanalandire katemera asanafike zaka 14, azaumoyo ndi ophunzira aku chipatala, odwala matenda aakulu a malo awo. Atamwa matenda a chiwindi ndi 5-10% milandu amakhala aakulu, kungachititse matenda enaake kapena khansa chiwindi.

Chiwindi B katemera ikuchitika mu magawo angapo. njirayi ndi kuvomerezedwa kwa ana onse. The katemera ndandanda:

• mlingo woyamba - atabadwa, katemera mwana intramuscularly jekeseni pa tsiku loyamba;
• mlingo wachiwiri - masabata 6-8 zaka katemera kutumikiridwa intramuscularly;
• chachitatu mlingo - pa mwezi wa 7 wa katemera moyo kutumikiridwa komanso.

Katemera njira khanda motsutsana a chiwindi B yodziwika ndi kukumbukira m'thupi otchedwa yaitali, i.e. pambuyo makonzedwe katemera wa chitetezo kwa nthawi yaitali anakhalabe pa mlingo mkulu. Ngati pali matenda ndi kukana ku HIV wagwa, pali kufunika kukonzanso katemera.

khanda amakhudzidwa kwambiri kuti matendawa. Ngati matenda kwachitika mu nthawi ino, ngozi za kupitilira kwa ukuwonjezeka aakulu 100%. Koma pa zifukwa zomwezo m'thupi kuti kulenga serums ndi katemera mu m'badwo uno, ndi kulimbikira kwambiri.

Ana nthawi yomweyo pambuyo pa kubadwa katemera pa zipatala umayi. maulendo awiri - mwezi ndi miyezi sikisi pambuyo katemera choyamba. Katemera motsutsana a chiwindi B ayenera kukhala chipatala cha ana. Ndi yoyenera katemera chiwembu popanda mipata anapereka 100% chitetezo chokwanira kokhazikika, zaka zosachepera khumi ndi zisanu.

Pali nthawi imene katemera chiwindi B sasamalira munthu amene m'thupi. Izi 5% ya anthu ya chonse cha anthu. Ndiye muyenera kuyang'ana njira zina kuti adziteteze ku HIV, pogwiritsa ntchito katemera ndi katemera mitundu ina.

Jekeseni motsutsana a chiwindi B, kuloledwa Russia

Pakali pano, kukhala zinthu zamakono yokonzekera oyamba mu thupi la munthu kuti adziteteze ku kachilombo. Mu Russia, ntchito katemera motsutsana a chiwindi B, "Engerix-B", "Regevak B", "Eberbiovak HB", Sci-B-Vac, ndi zophatikizananso yisiti katemera motsutsana a chiwindi B. mankhwala awa makamaka chopangidwa zochokera mwayeretsa chiwindi B HIV antigens pamwamba pa akamagwira kukonza majini kudzera maselo kuswana yisiti odzipereka pa hydroxide zotayidwa. katemera izi kupangira kupanga chitetezo loletsa HBsAg Antigen. Malinga ndi mayesero ovutika katemera wothandizila izi amatiteteza polimbana ndi matendawa 95-100% a makanda, ana ndi akulu pangozi. 95% wa makanda ndi amayi, amene wapezeka ndi Antigen kwathunthu kutetezedwa ku matenda a chiwindi B pambuyo katemera chiwembu 0 1, 2, miyezi 12. kapena 0 1, miyezi 6. Mu anthu wathanzi kwa zaka 15 wa ntchito, katemera malinga chiwembu 0 1, miyezi 6., Pali zoteteza oteteza mlingo patatha miyezi isanu ndi iwiri kuchokera katemera choyamba. Komabe, pali mankhwala akadali asanamvetsetse. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala "Euvaks" lero analetsa ntchito latsopano la Russia, monga waphetsa ana ambiri ku Vietnam.

Contraindications ndi zotsatira zake zoyipa

Katemera motsutsana a chiwindi B ndi contraindication kokha mu mawonekedwe a wophika mkate yisiti tsankho, monga katemera anyamula kuda iwo. Komanso, makanda msanga akhoza kukhala otsika chitetezo poyankha katemera. Ndiye katemera chiwindi B kudzachitike mpaka kulemera kuwonjezeka mwana mpaka 2 kg.

Nthawi zina kutentha thupi katemera limapezeka limodzi kapena masiku awiri, limodzi ndi malaise ambiri. kawirikawiri anati, thupi lawo siligwirizana mu mawonekedwe a urticaria.

Nkofunika kuti mimba ndi mkaka wa m'mawere si contraindications cheni katemera. Pankhaniyi, osavomerezeka katemera moyo mabakiteriya, mosatsata virulence. Komanso pa mimba anali kutumikiridwa katemera yolimbana ndi matenda opatsirana zotsatirazi: chikuku, chikuku, katsabola, nthomba, chifuwa chachikulu.