Michael Wittmann - Hauptsturmfuhrer SS, mtsogoleri wa nkhondo zankhondo. Ndemanga ndi mawu, chithunzi

Msilikali wotchuka wa SS, yemwe anali woyendetsa sitima, amene anaphwanya dziko la France, Poland, Greece, Soviet Union (Kursk Bulge) ndi mbozi, anatumikira ku Wehrmacht mpaka 1936, pambuyo pake - mpaka imfa yake - mu SS. Ku USSR, anakhala mtsogoleri wa gulu lankhondo la mfuti. Kumayambiriro kwa 1944 adasamutsidwa ku Normandy, komwe adawonetsa kuti thanki la German Tiger liposa makina onse ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ogwirizana nawo. Dzina lake likuphatikizidwa mu mazinsi onse a asilikali - uyu ndi Michael Wittmann.

Tank As

Ulemerero wapadera unadzikuta pansi pa tauni ya Viller-Bocage, komwe kunaperekedwa nkhondo yowonetsera: m'miyezi khumi ndi isanu, Michael Wittmann anali ndi zikopa 11, asilikali 13 ogwira zida zankhondo ndi mfuti ziwiri zankhondo. Kotero, iye anawononga kwathunthu nzeru za a British, osati kungodziwa, koma komanso zaulemerero kwambiri kuyambira nthawi ya chipani cha Africa, chomwe chimatchedwa "mphukira zachipululu". Chifukwa cha zochita za "Tiger" imodzi, asilikali a Britain adasiya kuthengo.

St. Aignan de Cramesnil - tawuni ku Normandy, komwe mu 1944 msilikali wolimba mtima wa SS Group Michael Wittmann anadula mutu wake. Sitima imene a German anayikira inagwetsedwa mwachindunji: kuwononga zida, nsanja inatha. Onse omwe anali mu thankiyo anali atangomangidwa.

Pa nthawi ya nkhanza, Michael Wittmann, mtsogoleri wa nkhondo zankhondo, adasokoneza mfuti 132 zotsutsana ndi matani ndi matani 141. Nkhani zambiri za acezi zalembedwa ku Eastern Front.

Brief biography

Mtsogoleri wamkulu wa asilikali ogwira ntchito yamtunda wa nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse - Michael Wittmann - anabadwa mu April 1914 m'banja la mlimi wochokera ku Upper Palatinate. Ali ndi zaka makumi awiri mphambu zisanu ndi ziwiri adalowa ku Workers 'Association (RAD - Reichsarbeitdienst), komwe adatumikira miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.

Mu 1936, Michael Wittmann anamaliza ntchito yake ngati msilikali wosatumidwa, ndipo kumayambiriro kwa 1937 anakhala SS SS 311623. Kumeneko anayamba kuphunzitsa kuyendetsa galimoto yodzitetezera, yomwe inasonyeza zotsatira zabwino.

Poland, Greece ndi zina za Ulaya

Apolisi mu 1939 anali ndi ankhondo, ngati ndi otsika kwa Wehrmacht, ndiye pang'ono. Komabe, ntchito ya ku Germany ku Poland inayankha zizindikiro zonse za blitzkrieg. Mu September chaka chino, Michael Wittmann, Watsopano wa Unterscharfuhrer SS, monga gawo la anzeru pa galimoto yonyamula Sd. Kfz. 232 ndi kupambana komweku kudutsa kudera la dziko lozungulira.

Kale mu Oktoba 1939 Wittmann adakwera mmwamba pa ntchito. Choyamba, adasamutsira ku galimoto yachisanu yachitsulo ku Berlin, komwe kunali "maphunziro" pa mfuti, kenako ku batri yatsopano ya mfuti. Pano anakumana ndipo adayamba kucheza ndi ma aces amtsogolo, omwe adzalandira ndi kuwatsogolera: ndi Hans Philipsen, Helmut Wendorf, Alfred Guenther ndi ena ena.

Njira yopita ku thanki

Anayamba ndi tank kwenikweni ntchito ya Michael Wittmann. Kumapeto kwa 1940, ku Greece ndi Yugoslavia, Michael Wittmann anali atalamula kalembedwe ka mfuti ya StuG. III Ausf. A, komwe anakhala mpaka June 1941. Pa June 11, kugawidwa kwa LSSAH, kumene ntchito yake inachitikira, adachoka ku malo ndikupita kummawa, kumene dongosolo la Barbarossa linali kuyembekezera kukhazikitsidwa . Poyamba, Michael Wittmann anamenyana kumadera akum'mwera kwa USSR.

Chifukwa cha kuwonongedwa kwa akasinja a Soviet pa July 12, 1941, Witman adalandira kale iron Cross II, anavulala pang'ono, koma adatsalira pang'ono, ndipo pa September 8 analandira mphoto yomweyi ya digiri ya I. Nkhondo zomwe zinali pafupi ndi Rostov zinamubweretsa Tank Assault Medallion (chifukwa matanki 6 anawonongedwa pa nkhondo imodzi panthawi) ndi mutu wa Oberscharfuhrer. Kotero iye anamenyana mpaka June 1942, ndiye chifukwa cha utumiki wapadera iye analowa mu cadets kwa maphunziro apamwamba ku Bavaria. Mu September 1942 anamaliza maphunziro kumeneko monga mphunzitsi wamatabwa.

Tank wa Grenadier Division

Pambuyo pa ntchito ndi kukonzedwanso kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 1943, Michael Wittmann adayamba kale ntchito yake ya nkhondo ku "Tigre", yomwe idakhazikitsa mapiri a Kursk pamtunda wakumwera. Pa tsiku loyamba Wittmann anatha kuletsa matanki 13 T-34 ndi mfuti ziwiri zotsutsa. Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, adathandizira kupulumuka chipani cha Helmut Vendorf, yemwe anali m'mavuto aakulu. Pa nkhondo yonse ya Kursk ndi Kharkiv, kumapeto kwa opaleshoniyi mpaka July 17, 1943, Vitchi "yakumwa yachitsulo" inapha mabomba 28 a Soviet ndi matanki 30.

Mu August, gululi linatumizidwa kuti libwezeretsenso ku Italy, komwe idagwiritsidwenso ntchito kuyang'anira madera omwe adakhalamo. Msilikali wamtundu watsopano wa SS wotchedwa SS, Michael Wittmann anatumikira ndi anthu opha anthu monga akatswiri amadzi a Franz Staudeger, Helmut Wendorf, Jürgen Brandt. Mtsogoleri wa gululi anali SS Geitz Akuponya pa "Tigre" pa nambala 1301.

Kukhumudwa kwa nyundo ya Red Army ya 1943

Ogonjetsa ku Germany anachoka kudziko la Soviet ndi nkhondo zamagazi. Nkhondo ya tank, imene Michael Wittmann anatumikira, inatumizidwa ku Eastern Front - ku Kiev. Pambuyo pa "Tiger" yake ndi chilombo chaching'ono, Wittmann anawombera matanki 20 T-34 ndi mfuti 23 zotsutsana ndi October 13 yekha. Mu Januwale adalandira mtanda wa knight kuchokera kwa mkazi wake.

Kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa January, asilikali a Soviet adalongosola kuti kayendetsedwe ka thankiyo ikuyenda bwino, koma panjira yopita patsogolo, Wittmann "Tiger". Pa January 13, monga wailesi ya ku Germany inanena mosangalala, nkhani ya Whitman ya teknoloji yoonongeka inali magulu 88 a matanki ndi kayendedwe kodziletsa. Mfuti wa Wittmann, Balthasar Wol, nayenso anali ndi mtanda wake wazithungo, popeza ankatha kugunda. Kenako Wittmann anakhala Obersturmfuhrer SS. Adolf Hitler adayamika tank ace, adayamika chifukwa cha zochita zake zamphamvu ndipo adapereka "Oak Leaves" ku chizindikiro cha knight. M'munsimu mungaganizire: mkulu wa antchito - Michael Wittmann. Chithunzicho chikuwonetsa "Tiger" yake, pamphepete mwa mfuti yomwe ili ndi mphete 88, zomwe zikusonyeza kupambana.

"Magulu"

Kumapeto kwa February, chipindacho chinali ndi mitunda isanu ya mtanda: Staudegger, Wendorf, Woll, Kling ndi Wittmann. Koma chifukwa cha kunyada kodziwika kokha kunali kumapeto - masamba a oak kupita ku mtanda. Ndipo kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa March, magetsi onsewa adachokera ku Eastern Front. Michael Wittmann, amene anatchulidwa mawu ake, ananena kuti sitima za Soviet n'zosavuta kupha, Soviet anti-tank mfuti, ndipo zinali zovuta kuti zitenge.

Pa March 1, 1944, Wittmann anakwatira mtsikana wina dzina lake Hildegard Burgmer, yemwe anali katswiri wamatabwa, Balthasar Wolle, mfuti yake, analipo pa ukwatiwo monga mboni. Panthawiyi Michael Whitman, Hauptsturmfuhrer SS, anakhala msilikali wa dziko lonse, chithunzi chake chikawoneka kwenikweni m'nyumba iliyonse. Makina ofalitsa ankagwira ntchito yake. Mwa njira, mfuti Wolde anapulumuka nkhondoyo, anamenyana mpaka tsiku lotsiriza. Anamwalira mu 1996.

Kugonjetsa kwakukuru

Mu April 1944, Wittmann adayendera fakitale ya Henschel ku Kassel, adayankhula ndi antchito, adayamika a Tigers, omwe adawapanga ndi manja awo, adayamika ntchitoyo, anayendera mavalo atsopanowa. Pamene chinachake chinanenedwa ndi chimphona cha ku German Michael Wittmann, mawu ake anali olembedwa bwino.

Mu May 1944 Wittmann anabwerera ku bungweli - osati ku Eastern Front, koma ku France, ku tauni ya Norman ya Ligier, ndipo pa June 6 ogwirizana a USSR anafika ku Normandy. Wittmann adalandira "Tiger" yatsopano yatsopano. Panthawi imene ntchitoyi inkagwiritsidwa ntchito, maulendo a ndege omwe tinkagwirizana nawo anali ofooka kwambiri ndi mizere yaying'ono ya matanki achi German. "Tigers" mu kampani ya Wittmann adangokhala asanu ndi limodzi okha. Komabe, pa June 13, mabwinja a kampaniyi anawononga kwathunthu 4th Tank Regiment ya British. Zinali choncho.

A British sanapambane nkhondoyo

A Chingerezi adalowa mumzinda wa Viller-Bocage m'mawa kwambiri. Mitu yamutu ya "Desert Rats" (Bungwe la 7 la British Armored Division), pokomana ndi anthu a komweko omwe anasangalala ndi kufika kwawo, anatuluka mumatangadza ndi kumasuka pang'ono. Kapena ngakhale pang'ono, ngati mutalingalira zomwe zinachitika kenako. Pa nthawiyi, gulu lachinayi ndi kampani ya tank "Cromwells", mwana wololera ndi kuyendetsa njinga anaganiza kuti apite kukayendera ndi kuwonekera, ngati iwe upita ku Kahn. Montgomery, panthaŵiyi, anatumiza telegalamu kwa mkulu wa antchito a de Gigand za momwe zinalili zotheka kuti agwire mdaniyo pang'onopang'ono.

Ndipo kachiwiri, panthawi imodzimodziyo, kuchokera kumwambamwamba, yomwe ili pafupi, Michael Wittmann wochokera ku nsanja ya "Tiger" yake yosadziŵikayo adawona chithunzi chonsecho, ndipo Colle adayang'ana kukonzekera kayendetsedwe ka chitsogozo, akudandaula kuti a British adzichita ngati kale Nkhondo yonse inapambana. Wittmann anali ndi matanki asanu: "Tiger" 4, imodzi mwa iyo inali ndi kuwonongeka, "Panther" imodzi. Kulimbana ndi matanthwe ambirimbiri a gulu lonse la Britain. Komabe, onse anali kukonzekera nkhondoyi, kuti asalole kuti Britain azidutsa asilikali a Germany kuchokera kumbali.

"Iwo akulakwitsa"

Ili ndilo mau omwe anayankha Michael Wittmann, Hauptsturmfuhrer SS (panalibenso wina woti alembe nthawi ino), kwa Kolle akudandaula. Mphepete mwa matanthwe a British intelligence pa nthawi ino yayandikira kale kutalika kwa Witton, pa mamita 200. "Panthers za Nyanja" mwakachetechete anakwera msewu waukulu, ndipo wamtali, mitengo yokongola yomwe ikukula kumbali zonse ziwiri za msewuyo inakondweretsa maso awo. Chabwino, ndemangayi yatsekedwa, ndithudi, pafupifupi kwathunthu.

Mkhalidwe wa m'dera lino la kutsogolo, Witton pa nthawiyi sankamudziwa, iye mwini adachoka kuno ku Paris kokha usiku, koma adakumananso ndi mavuto a British air aces. Komabe, mwamtendere anawerenga zonse "Cromwells", "Sherman", "Brenov" - gulu lonse la zida zankhondo mu mbozi yakuda kwambiri iyi. Kulimbikitsidwa pa wailesi kunali kale, panali njira ziwiri kunja: kuyembekezera kapena kuzunzidwa. Yachiwiri ndi kudzipha koyera.

Kusankhidwa kumapangidwa

Wittmann sakanatha kupeza tank yake, kotero iye anasamukira ku galimoto yapansi, adamuuza zoyenera kuchita ku malo ena onse, ndipo anatsogolera "Tiger" kukakumana ndi mdaniyo. Akudula mtunda wa mamita zana, adakantha matanthwe awiri a British, ndiye thanki lomaliza m'mbali mwake, atseka mpumulo wonsewo mumsewu waukulu, womwe uli ndi mitengo, yomwe sitima ya Wittmann imateteza ndi kubisala. Kulowa mchira wa mndandanda, Wittmann anawombera pang'onopang'ono-amalembetsa galimoto yonse ya Chingerezi yomwe inkaonekera. Zina mwa "Cromwells" zimangothamanga, kuti zisasokoneze patsogolo.

Mphindi 20, pafupifupi onse adatha ndi gawo la 7 la Armored Great Britain. Zosowa zonse: 21 akasinja, magalimoto 28 a magalimoto ena, zida 14 zokha ndi zida 14 zogwira ntchito zankhondo. Pambuyo pa izi, Wittmann anabweranso pang'ono. Popanda kuwonongeka pang'ono. Mabanki anayi otsalawo anaphimba mtsogoleriyo. Pakalipano, reinforcements anafikanso - matanki ena 8 kuchokera ku kampani yoyamba adalowa ku Villers-Bocage kumbali ina kuti atulutse magulu ena a British kuchokera mumzindawu.

Nazi izi "nthata"

Wittmann anasokoneza chitetezo chake ndipo anathamangira pakati pa mzinda. Kumeneku kunali matanki atatu a Chingelezi anayi, anagwidwa m'njira, anagunda, ndipo wachinayi anachoka pamtunda. Iye sakanatha kuwombera: mfuti wake sanathe kubwerera ku malo ake. A Chingerezi amamasuka, ndithudi, mokwanira. Koma palinso wachisanu "Sherman", yemwe adayendayenda pakhomopo ndikuwombera maulendo anayi m'galimoto ya Wittmann pafupi ndi malo osalala, ndipo "Tiger" nthawiyo idatseguka mbali yake ku tanka la adani. Chipolopolo chimodzi chinagunda, kusokoneza tank ya Wittmann "nyongolotsi."

Wittmann, ndithudi, anayankha motere: theka la nyumbayi inagwera pa "Sherman" ndipo anam'lemetsa kwambiri. Ndipo anapitiriza kupsa. "Cromwell" yotsiriza, yomwe popanda mfuti, inapezedwanso ndipo inagonjetsedwa. Sitima yosayenerera inali Wittmann mwamphamvu. Anabwerera ku skyscraper, komabe anayamba "Tiger" wake, refueled ndipo adalowanso kuti adziphatikize, pomwe adagonjetsanso otsala a Britain. Pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi, Hitler anapatsa Wittmann ndi "malupanga" kuti "Oak Leaves" ku Knight's Cross. Motero, sitima yoyenera kuposa Witton, asilikali a Germany sanafike. Komabe, ntchito yaikulu yotsatira ya usilikali ya British kumadzulo inatha mu kulephera. Kumayambiriro kwa August 1944, thankiyo inamwalira, kumene anthu onse a Michael Wittmann anali.