Monga India unapangidwa bungwe ndi kasamalidwe pa kulamulira British?

Mbiri ya India lili ndi nyengo kuchepa ndi kutukuka. dziko lodabwitsali amene adakula wolemera pogwiritsa ntchito chuma zake zachilengedwe, ndiye akhumudwa mu umphawi, iye anali pansi pa agonjetsi chachisanu motsatizana. Zikuphatikizapo, ndi British, amene analamulira kumeneko posachedwapa. Ambiri, India - mlandu wapadera (woyamba m'mbiri yamakono), pamene boma wakhala kwathunthu lidzasinthidwa kukula m'malo chachikulu wa njuchi.

Kodi kuli ngakhale kokondweretsa, British anakwanitsa kugwila India ndi mosavuta, makamaka pogwiritsa ntchito zotsutsana ndi ziphuphu pakati pa anthu otchuka m'deralo. Pomaliza, linalanda dzikoli mu 1849, pamene anapambana Chishiite mu Punjab. Koma India unapangidwa bungwe ndi kasamalidwe? Inde, ndi anthu amene ankalamulidwa ndi zazikulu kwambiri sipanatenge aliyense!

Chiyambi cha chilengedwe cha ankapoperamo utsogoleri

Nalanda India anayamba kubwerera East India Company. Kunena mwachidule, kugonjetsa Chishiite anali kuchita kuulula, popeza dziko anakhala njuchi kale zinachitikazo. Woyamba Bwanamkubwa-General anakhala (1774-1785) W. Hastings, ndi protege wa amalonda.

Kwa nthawi yaitali, iwo akulamulira chatsopanochi njuchi pa nzeru zake, ndi mzinda wa mwankhanza ngati perepadalo osati kwambiri. Onse anasintha pambuyo zapita Chitsanzo mayesero potero Hastings, kenako amalonda amakhala mwamphamvu suspend m'manja.

Popeza kuti bungwe ndi boma la India utsogoleri wa East India Company, omwe anali kutali akusangalala ndi masautso zochitika, anayamba kudzikanikizira, kunena kufunika kupatsa impso mphamvu manja a Mfumukazi ndi nyumba yamalamulo.

Ndi 1813 kampaniyo anali ndi udindo wa yekha pakati ulamuliro wa utsogoleri, amene onse achita kuti chuma ndi zinthu zambiri kutumiza ku UK.

Zotsatira za ena amasokoneza

Monga India unapangidwa bungwe ndi kasamalidwe nthawi imeneyi? Ambiri, palibe wapadera anali, woikidwa ndi Kazembe-General, komanso akazembe olamulira zigawo. Iwo anali ndi udindo kutolera misonkho, pakuti yimitsira wa kuukira. Kapangidwe zonse zaboma wakhala "mlandu" ndi madera ena English. Koma kamodzinso ndi ofunika kubwereza kuti India - dziko waukulu ndi zovuta.

The English pafupifupi ananyalanyaza kapena Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira iye, ngakhale kusiyana pakati pa anthu akukhala m'dera, osanenapo zokonda zawo zachipembedzo. Zotsatira inept andale musatenge yaitali kudikira, ukugwira mawonekedwe a Sepoy Kupanduka, umene unayamba mu May 1857.

Ndi, poyamba, chinachitika chifukwa cha kuswa English chikhulupiriro ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu awo anagonjetsa: zinali zachilendo kuyembekezera chinachake chosiyana pambuyo kumayambiriro phukusi kwa makatiriji ndi impregnated ndi ng'ombe wonenepa. Ndipo izo ziri mu India, pamene ng'ombe - umunthu wa Mulungu padziko lapansi!

Disbanding kampani malonda

Pambuyo yimitsira choopsa cha kugalukira Sepoys (pali chithunzi chogwirizana naye mu Vereshchagin) anali wolakwa. More ndendende, ndi "scapegoat." Choncho zikuoneka kuti anali East India Company, omwe unatha nthawi yomweyo. Izi zinachitika mu 1858.

Pa nthawi imeneyo, India ndi mwalamulo pa ufulu weniweni umene nzika, anatenga gawo mu Ufumu wa Britain. Inde, analengeza Mfumukazi Mfumukazi Victoria pa nthawi kulamulira pa mpando wachifumu. positi wolamulira wamkulu wa linathetsedwa, koma panali Viceroy la India. Yothetsera mavuto mwamsanga pa kayendetsedwe ka njuchi (adakali India unakhalabe) anapatsidwa kumene analenga mzere utumiki yamalamulo. akadali kwambiri kusintha zinthu zofunika akhala akuyendera.

kusintha asilikali

Monga kuchitika, maalumali sipayskie anali kwathunthu inasokonekera. N'zochititsa chidwi kuchuluka chiwerengero cha English okha ankhondo, iwo ankagwiritsa anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mercenaries pakati pa Chishiite ndi Gurkhas. Choncho, British India ali nazo ake mphamvu kuti akhoza "falitsani" kusakhutira kulikonse pamaso pa ilo n'kukhala ndi kugalukira latsopano.

kusintha zina

Mfumukazi analonjeza kuti kupitiriza zimakhalira mwa olamulira wamba, kuvomereza kuti udzalepheretsa motsatizana ufumu. The British potsiriza anayamba kuganizira zapadera za dongosolo Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira, amaikidwa ndi Bungwe yoletsedwa amangosankha kuukitsa mtengo wa lendi dziko. Umo ndi momwe iwo unapangidwa bungwe ndi boma la India mu masiku amenewo.

Koma zonse izi chabe chikuto: anaganiza mu 1835 kuphunzitsa ana a anthu otchuka Indian ku England. Choncho iwo atsala pa Amwenye a magazi shawa inasanduka English. Patangopita zaka makumi awiri, tinayamba kugwira ntchito Calcutta, Bombay ndi University Madras, kumene linapanga osankhika latsopano. Kudutsa India chakhala chikukwera chiwerengero cha sukulu osiyana ndi m'makoleji, omwe anali kuphunzitsa pulofesa English mu chingelezi bwino.

Ndipo ndicho osanenapo chakuti ambiri mbewu mabanja makamaka olemera anali anaphunzitsidwa Oxford chomwecho. Choncho m'malo moona British ku India kapena zochepa zofunika mu boma, anthu amenewo analandira, imene onse anali mu mgwirizano ndi malamulo a dziko mayi, ndipo musaime pa mwambo, ngati n'koyenera, ndi mafuko awo omwewo.