Ndicho mimicry chiyani? Mimicry: Zitsanzo

Monga mukudziwa, chikhalidwe Kodi kulenga chirichonse zosayenera. chipangizo iliyonse imene wapereka zamoyo, nthawi zonse zinchito ndi zothandiza. Ndi luso kubisa atsopano zomera, tizilombo, mbalame ndi nyama zina m'kupita kwa zinthu, kusiya okhawo umene umafotokoza kuthandiza kuti apulumuke. Kuti timvetse tanthauzo lalikulu la mimicry, m'pofunika kuti izo ziri ndi chimene cholinga.

mitundu ya mimicry

Masking wa zamoyo zikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu malinga ndi muyezo zosiyanasiyana. The woyamba - cholinga cha mimicry kuti akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri:

1. Modzikhulupirira: chilombo zikulumikizana ku maziko kuti awalande nyama yake. Nthawi zambiri ndi khalidwe kapena mtundu mimicry. Zitsanzo za nyama alenje, ntchito yake, akhoza kutchulidwa kwa nthawi yaitali: mkango merges ndi savannah, nyalugwe mikwingwirima kupanga izo wosaoneka nkhalango, chimbalangondo kumalo ozizira ndi wosaoneka pa maziko a chisanu ndi ayezi.
2. Kungochita: lakonzedwa kudzibisa edible nyama. N'zovuta kwambiri, ngakhale yekha mu mtundu.

Mitundu njira mimicry ntchito akhoza wachinsinsi motere:

1. Mtundu. Ndipo mwina osati masking malo, komanso otsanzira mitundu ina yoopsa zomera mu nkhani ya mipherezero chabe masking.
2. Mimicry mawonekedwe - lililonse tizilombo ndi nyanja ndi chitetezo mipherezero. Iwo akuwonetseredwa mu kufanana zithunzi ndi "uninteresting" chilombo zinthu zachilengedwe. Mwa nyama apamwamba palibe zitsanzo za masking amenewa. Ndipotu, akamanena za mawonekedwe a mimicry? Musamadzinamize kuwala. A nyama mu kusakasaka zochokera makamaka pa kununkhiza.
3. Sound mimicry. Mtundu womwewo wa chitetezo. Kulankhula kutsanzira phokoso nyama zolusa. Chitsanzo adzakhala Sichik kalulu, waukulu ngati njoka.

mtundu mimicry

The yofala kwambiri yodzibisa. Njira yosavuta - kuti kuphatikiza ndi maziko - ntchito mu zolinga za makani chabe. Kwambiri zinthu zamoyo ntchito yodzibisa "ali" mtundu onse moyo wake. Komabe, pali miyambo ina yofanana ndi mtundu mimicry. The woyamba - pa nyengo mtundu kusintha. Chitsanzo adzakhala kalulu. Ngakhale kwambiricho limagwirira wa masking mu zamoyo m'munsi kuti angathe kusintha mtundu malinga ndi maziko pa chimene iwo anaonekera. Kuphatikiza ndi mtundu wa pamwamba - kuti ndicho mtundu mimicry. Chitsanzo wotchuka ndi bilimankhwe, wokhoza "penti", ngakhale mu mtundu wa chessboard lapansi. Koma iye ali ndi luso lake: chimbalanga Smerinthus tiliae amakhala mtundu wobiriwira, atakhala pa tsamba, ndi repainted mu bulauni, mbaberwa thunthu.

kukopera woopsawo

Mfundo limanenanso za mtundu wa mimicry. Komabe, njira zina zovuta kumvetsa. Kudzibisa mitundu monga chakupha ndi inedible ntchito ndi tizilombo, zokwawa komanso achule. Ambiri osiyanasiyana pankhani imeneyi mimicry agulugufe. Mwachitsanzo, vuto lililonse woyera gulugufe chakupha ochekenera heliconiinae. Kusiyanitsa pakati pa iwo okha pa kapangidwe ka thupi. Komabe, iwo osati anakopera achibale. Gulugufe Kaliga ali ndi chithunzi kuyenera kwambiri pa mapiko, ofanana pamaso pa kadzidzi ndi.

Koma pansi pa yodzibisa achibale oopsa chotchuka kwambiri mu dziko moyo. An analogue njoka athu - mkaka njoka - umawononga chakupha nkhondowo mtundu matanthwe adder, vuto lililonse chule Allobates zaparo utoto oopsa otchedwa Epipedobates bilinguis. Komabe, chakudya "Maso" - malo pamwamba - amagwiritsidwa mantha phwando.

The chikhalidwe zazikulu zimene ayenera kukwaniritsa kuti chinthu "kusweka" moto - mimikrantov chiwerengero ayenera kukhala wotsika kuposa chiwerengero cha liwonerere. Ogwirira zina pano "kuyesa dzino 'inedible nyama. Ndipo ngati osachepera theka la milandu adzakhala zokoma, coloration zoteteza adzaleka ntchito.

chilengedwe potsanzira

Sizachilendo osati pa dziko komanso nyanja ndi nyanja madzi. Anapanga ofanana si chakudya - ndicho akamanena za mtundu uwu mimicry. Kumugwiritsa nkhanu onse akufanana mwala, nkhanu Palemon - pupyrchatye bulauni Seaweed kwa Nyanja Sargasso, kumene akukhala. mimicry wotero khalidwe zosakhalitsa: kubisala tentacles nyamayi atamukoka okha, kusintha mtundu (monga momwe tikuonera, palibe osakaniza mitundu iwiri ya kubisa) ndi arches "kumbuyo." Zotsatira: kutsogolo kwa inu wotopetsa ndi achabechabe mwala.

The kusemphana mimicry ndi

M'zaka zaposachedwapa, akatswiri ambiri anayamba kukayikira kudalirika kwa njira ya chitetezo - Mulimonsemo, imitative. mfundo ndi yakuti masking-mimicry zachokera makamaka pa view chinyengo. Koma ngakhale mbalame insectivorous oongoka osati pa zithunzi zithunzi, komanso fungo. Choncho, ngati fungo zokoma, iwo akhoza sangamvetsere kwa chakuti ndodo tizilombo zikuwoneka ngati nthambi, nudye. Kufumbwa utoto, mu maganizo awo, aluso - mbalame adzakhala kuuluka pafupi mokwanila kuona ngati weniweni kadzidzi maso kuyang'ana pa iye mu mtengo. Komanso, tizilombo phylliidae kudya masamba, kazinji kene asadya achibale awo kusokoneza iwo ndi chakudya awo achilengedwe. mbozi A, wotchedwa zemlemerkami, tadulidwa munda, kusakaniza ndi zikumera ndi. Komabe, munthu zosavuta kuonera kuposa adani awo achilengedwe. Komabe, chifukwa cha zimenezi tinganene kuti funso, kodi akamanena za mimicry, kachiwiri sanayankhidwe.