Ndondomeko ya boma "Dagestan": kuli kuti, zochititsa chidwi

M'nkhani ino tikufuna kukamba za malo osungirako zachilengedwe a Dagestan Reserve. Iyi ndi malo apadera ndi okongola.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe

Kukamba za kulengedwa kwa malo ku Dagestan kunkachitika kumayambiriro kwa zaka makumi awiri. Komabe, zonse zinatsalira pampikisano ponena za malo ake. Panthawi imeneyi, malo osungirako ambiri adalengedwa. Mu theka lachiwiri la zaka makumi awiri, adabwereranso ku nkhaniyi, posankha malo abwino. Malo a Dagestan akhazikitsidwa mu 1986. Malo ake anali oposa hekta khumi ndi zisanu ndi zinayi. Ndipo adakonzedwa kuti aphunzire ndikusungirako zovuta zachilengedwe m'madzi a Kizlyar Bay (Nyanja ya Caspian). Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti malowa ndi amodzi mwa malo oyamba poyerekeza ndi chiwerengero cha zinyama (zoposa 60 mitundu), zomwe zili mu Red Book ya Russian Federation.

Malo osungirako zachilengedwe "Dagestan" m'dera lawo ali ndi zinthu zambiri zosangalatsa. Kotero, mwachitsanzo, apa pali chikumbutso chachilengedwe cha barhan Sarykum, chomwe chimatengedwa kukhala chachikulu kwambiri ku Eurasia. Malo osungirako malo amakhalanso gawo la malo omwe ali ndi malo ofunika kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi monga malo okhala ndi mitundu yosawerengeka komanso yowopsya (Kizlyar Bay). Kupyolera m'mayiko ake kumadutsa njira imodzi yaikulu ya mbalame zam'madzi.

Kodi malo otetezedwa ndi boma "Dagestan" ali kuti?

Kodi malo otetezedwa ali kuti? Nyanja ya Dagestan ili m'zigawo za Tarumovsky ndi Kumtorkalinsky za Republic Dagestan. Zili ndi zigawo ziwiri: Mtsinje wa Kizlyar uli ndi mahekitala 18,000 ndi Sarikum barkhans omwe ali ndi malo okwana mahekitala 0.6,000. Zotsatira zake, malo onse otetezedwa amakhala ndi mahekitala 19.1,000. Kuonjezera apo, malo osungirako zachilengedwe "Dagestan" akuzunguliridwa ndi malo otetezeka okhala ndi malo okwana mahekitala 18.5,000.

Ndingapeze bwanji ku malo osungira?

Ngati mukufuna, mukhoza kupita ku malo osungira "Dagestan". Momwe mungapitire kumeneko, tidzakuuzani mwatsatanetsatane. Ofesi yosungirako malo ili ku likulu la Dagestan. Mukhoza kupita ku Makhachkala pa sitima yochokera ku Moscow, Rostov-on-Don, Volgograd, Astrakhan, Baku, etc. Pali ndege ya padziko lonse ndi ma basi awiri, kumene ndege zimatumizidwa ku madera onse a Russia.

Ngati mukufuna kupita ku Kizlyar Bay, malo okhala pafupi ndi Kochubei (Tarumovsky district of Dagestan). Mutha kufika pano ndi njira iliyonse yodutsa kuchokera ku Kizlyar kapena Makhachkala. Palinso siteshoni ya sitima. Kuchokera ku Kochubei kupita ku Gulf Kizlyar mukhoza kupita ku galimoto ndi ulendo wa 14 ndi 12, ndiyeno ndi misewu ya dziko.

Kuti mufike ku barkhans la Sarikum, muyenera kuyamba kufika kumudzi wa Korkmaskala. Ndi pafupi makilomita khumi ndi asanu ndi atatu kuchokera ku Makhachkala. Ku Kormakmaskala ukhoza kufika poyendetsa galimoto iliyonse. Ndiyeno pamsewu wonyansa ndi galimoto kupita ku cordon.

Kuti mufike ku Agrakhan zakaznik, choyamba muyenera kupita kumudzi wa Staroterechnoe ndi basi. Mtunda woyandikira ndi kilomita 120. Komanso, ogwira ntchito yosungira malowa adzakutengerani ku Chakan, komwe kuli zofunikira kwa alendo.

Kuti mufike ku malo osungirako nyama zakutchire a Samursky, nkofunikira kuthetsa makilomita pafupifupi 250 kuchokera ku Makhachkala kupita kumudzi wina: Samur, Khtun, Tagirkent, ndi Biel-Bil.

Pambuyo pa Tlaratinsky Wildlife Refuge mungapezeke ndi taxi kuchokera ku Makhachkala kupita ku Tlarata, ndiye mudzatengedwa ndi antchito. Muyenera kukhala ndi pasipoti ndi inu, kuyambira kumalire.

Sarykum

Nyanja ya Dagestan ku Russia ndiyo yokhayo yomwe ili ndi barkhan yaikulu kwambiri yomwe ndi yaikulu kwambiri mu Eurasia yonse. Kutalika kwake kukufikira mamita 262. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti Sarykum ndi malo okha ku Dagestan komwe, kwa miyezi isanu, kutentha kwakukulu kuli kuposa madigiri makumi awiri.

Ndipo pa phazi lake linatentha kutentha kwa Dagestan (42.5 °). Chodabwitsa ichi chodabwitsa chikufotokozedwa ndi kutentha kwakukulu kwa mchenga. M'nyengo yotentha, mapiri otsetsereka a kum'mwera amakwera madigiri makumi asanu ndi limodzi. Ngakhale mwezi wa April kutentha kwaposa madigiri makumi atatu.

Zinyama

Malo osungira "Dagestan" amakhala ndi nyama zakutchire zosiyanasiyana. Komabe, tisaiwale kuti pakalipano chiwerengero chonse cha mitundu yonse ya zinyama ndi zinyama zakutchire sizinakwaniritsidwe komabe. Mitundu 40 ya zinyama, mitundu ya mbalame 250, mitundu 70 ya nsomba ndi mitundu ya nsomba, komanso mitundu 21 ya zinyama. Zamoyo zosadziŵika bwino sizikumvetsetsedwa bwino.

Sarykum Fauna

Malo osungira "Dagestan" amadziwika padziko lonse ndi barchan wotchuka Sarykum, koma nyama zake, mwatsoka, sizimvetsetsedwa bwino. Zimadziwika kokha kuti mitundu yokwana 148 ya tizilombo ta tizilombo ndi 141 mitundu ya mabomba ya pansi yomwe inalembedwa pansi pa barkhana. Mu mapulani a asayansi ogwira ntchito yosungirako malo kuti aziphunzira mozama kwambiri za subspecies ndi mitundu yatsopano, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti tingayembekezere kubwezeretsanso kwa mitundu yomwe ikupezeka m'zaka zikubwerazi.

Chodabwitsa kwambiri ndi dziko la Lepidoptera barkhan. Ziwerengero zoyambirira zimasonyeza kukhalapo kwa mitundu yoposa chikwi ya agulugufe.

Zozizira zazing'ono zili zambiri pano. Ndi buluzi lofulumira komanso lozungulira. Amapezeka pansi pa barkhana, ndi pamapiri ake. Pano pano mungapeze mlalingo wofiira, slide, western boa constrictor, njoka. Nyanja ya Dagestan yasonkhanitsa mbalame zambiri pamtunda wake, zolembedwa m'buku la Red Data Book of the Russian Federation (kurgans, nkhono wakuda, mbuzi yoyera, steppe kestrel, kadzidzi wa chiwombankhanga, black griffon).

Sarykum, ndipotu, ndi malo okhawo ku Russia, kumene mitundu yosawerengeka kawirikawiri imatetezedwa: shrike wofiira, sitofu ya ku Spain, mpheta yaying'ono, mphero bluebird.

Mwa mitundu yosawerengeka, palinso ndodo ya Mediterranean, collar eyrenis, gyurza. Komanso malo omwe amakhalapo amakhala ndi zikopa zoyera, zofiira, mchenga, capercaillie jerboa, voles, mbulu, hare-hare, nkhandwe.

Dziko la masamba

Malo otetezekawa ali ndi zomera zambiri m'madzi. Mphepete mwa nyanja ili ndi dera, nyanja, nyanja zamtunda komanso zapululu.

Mtsinje wa Kizlyar uli wokhazikika, ndipo madzi omwewo ali osakanizidwa bwino. Pansi pake ili ndi chigawo chachikulu cha silt. Zinthu zoterezi zimathandizira kuti chitukuko chikhale pamwamba pa madzi ndi osaya kwambiri: ng'ombe zochepa, bango lamtsinje, bango lachibadwa. Pamwamba pake pamakhala ndi ma carpets opangidwa ndi marshwort ya sclerophyllous, nsapato zazing'ono, duckweed ya katatu, loti salvinia ikuyandama. Palinso meadows m'madzi omwe amadabwa ndi kuchuluka kwa zomera zam'madzi.

Mitengo ya zomera imayimilidwa ndi mabango ndi bango. Kutalika kwa mabango mumtsinje kukufika mamita asanu. Chaka chilichonse maderawa amadzaza madzi kwa miyezi iwiri kapena inayi, ndipo malo otsika amatha kumizidwa chaka chonse.

Zomera zam'mphepete mwa nyanja zimamera zomera monga wheatgrass, chimanga cha cornflower, kuthamanga pamoto, Persian convolvia, buluu buluu. Mphepete mwa nsombayi imakhala ndi phokoso, zowawa, zowawa.

Mitsinje ya Mtsinje ndi ya nyanja imafesedwa kwathunthu ndi zomera zamchere. Komanso m'deralo pali madera a m'chipululu ndi chipululu. Sarykumsky barkhan imodzi yokha ili ndi mitundu yoposa mazana atatu, yomwe ilibe mitundu yochepa chabe, komanso mitundu yowopsya: mchenga vaida, astragalus, leafless dzhuzgun, Eremosparton bezlisty. Ambiri a barkhana ndi mchenga wouma. Zophimbidwa ndi zomera ndi m'munsi mwa mapiri. Kumbali yakum'mwera ndi mapiri otsetsereka a Narat-Tyube, omwe ali ndi zomera zosiyana.

Reserve "Dagestan": ndemanga

Odzipereka omwe amagwirizana ndi malowa amayamikira kuyamikira antchito ake, chifukwa amawona mmene amachitira ntchito yawo komanso momwe amachitira ndi malo awo enieni. Onse okonda zomera ndi zinyama angayendere kuno, akatswiri adzagawana nawo chidziwitso cha chirengedwe cha malo awa. Ndipo apa ndithudi pali chinachake choti muwone, chifukwa chosungirako "Dagestan" (chithunzi chikuwonetsedwa mu nkhaniyi) chiri ndi gawo lokongola kwambiri lomwe liri ndi chikhalidwe chodabwitsa ndi chachilendo cha Dagestan.

Osati kale kwambiri malowa adayamba kuchita maulendo paulendo wawo. Amene adakwanitsa kupita ku Sarykum barkhan achoka ku maumboni okhutira kwambiri pa zomwe adawona, akunena kuti iyi ndi ulendo wokondweretsa komanso wochititsa chidwi kwambiri. Ndipo izi ndi zoona, chifukwa pali chinachake choti muwone, makamaka kwa iwo omwe amayamikira ndi kukonda chirengedwe. Kulandira alendo komanso kuchereza alendo kumakhala kosangalatsa koma kumveka bwino momwe akukhudzidwira kwambiri bizinesi yawo ndipo akufuna kugawana nawo bwino, chidziwitso ndi machitidwe awo ndi alendo.