Nogai gulu

Nogai gulu - kotero lero amatchedwa Chitata boma akale. Iwo ananyamuka m'mayiko a Golden gulu, chimene chinawononga Aksak Timur, mu zoyambirira za m'ma XV. Nogai gulu, amene mbiri kumagwirizana ndi chitukuko cha mayiko monga Great gulu, Kalmyk gulu, Siberia State, Astrakhan, Kazan, Moscow ukulu, ndi chitsanzo chabwino cha mphamvu akale, anapulumuka ndi kugwa.

The prerequisites mapangidwe a Nogai gulu linamasuliridwa Tokhtamysh Khan woyendayendawu Chitata Nogai ulus ku gawo pakati pa Urals ndi Volga. Kara-bek walunjika horde amene anachokera ku Turkey, anasamukira ku Mtsinje Sakmar, ndiye White ndi Kama. Kenako, Nogai gulu anapambana Bulgars, ndipo kenako anasamukira ku Kazanka, pamene mzinda wa Kazan anakhazikitsidwa. Pambuyo gulu mukukhala m'dziko pamodzi ndi mtsinje Vyatka.

Atsogoleri. Atsogoleri a mayiko amene anapanga Nogai gulu anatenga mafuko mangytskie ili mu Khorezm. Pa nthawi imene motsutsa Golden gulu Timur Aksak mogwirizana ndi iwo. Mangyts anali ochuluka ndi amphamvu Tartar fuko. Kwenikweni, iwo ankayang'aniridwa ndi Idegeya. Pamene Aksak Timur anabwerera ku Eastern Europe, Idegei anatsogolera anthu ake mu Khorezm. Mu 1420 Idegei anafa, ndipo anthu ake anabwera pansi pa mphamvu ya khans wa Uzbeks woyendayendawu. mafuko Mangits walunjika Waqqas Bay, udachita mu Chiuzibeki khans beklerbeka positi ndi maopaleshoni asilikali Abuhayra Khan.

Atamwalira Waqqas Bey, m'malo mwake linayamba kulimbana ndi mphamvu ya Chikazaki ndi khans Chiuzibeki. Musa Bey, amene anatsogolera mafuko Mangits, anamenyera ufulu ndi anatha kupanga yopuma. Pamene ilo linali likulu la Nogai gulu mu shedi.

Maonekedwe a Nogai gulu. Kutchula koyamba za Nogays boma anapeza magwero Russian, zokhudzana ndi cha m'ma XV. Musa Bey anatha zolimbitsira ake moti anayamba kuyesa kukopa Great gulu, Kazan, Astrakhan, ku Siberia Khanate. Mu mgwirizano ndi Khan Ibaka iye anayamba kukaona ku Astrakhan Khanate, ndipo pa mapeto a XV atumwi, kugwirizana ndi Siberia Khan anapita ku Kazan Khanate. Panthawi imeneyi, mphamvu ya boma Nogai anali palpable kuti Alexander Kazimirovich - Chilituyaniya kalonga - anawalimbikitsa odana Moscow mgwirizano.

Kenako, Nogai gulu kulankhula mawu amodzi ndi Russia ndi Crimea ndi Wamkulu gulu. Mu 1502 mu wotsika Volga Great gulu anagonjetsedwa ndi mphamvu anzake a Moscow, Kazan ndi Crimea. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, Astrakhan Khanate anagwera mu kudalira kwathunthu pa Nogai gulu.

Nogai gulu: chitukuko cha statehood. Kugonjetsedwa kwa chiguluchi Great anakhala kutsogolera kwa chitukuko cha Nogai gulu. Kuonjezera chiwerengero cha boma wamng'ono, kukodzedwa malire ake, zachitika dongosolo boma. Mutu wa gulu anavomereza Bey. Pambuyo pake, Kufunika kotsatira Nuradinov. udindo wake m'gulu la chitetezo kwa adani ulus. Iye anaikidwa kukhala kekovat. m'dera chidwi m'gulu la kum'mawa malire a boma. Ana Bey anali murzas mutu. Pamene Bey anafa, malo ake anatengedwa ndi mwana wamkulu. Pankhondo yoikidwiratu batyrs - atsogoleri magulu. Izo zinafikira anazindikira wolimba, wolimba ndi aluso amisiri. Padali Nogai gulu ndi atumiki - Karachi - udindo m'dera lawo.

The chipembedzo cha boma ya Nogai gulu anali Islam. Atumiki - Abyz, Sufis, Shaehov, Shoichi - kuchita miyambo Chisilamu. Tidati mu Nogai gulu, m'chilankhulo cha Chitata kuti makalata onse pogwiritsa ntchito script Arabic.

Relations ndi Moscow ukulu. Pamene Ivan m'khutu mothandizidwa ndi ziphuphu ndi chinyengo Nogai gulu chinatsekedwa m'maboma ena Chitata. Chifukwa, pakati pa Nogai gulu ndi Crimea, Kazan ndi Siberia kuti kuvutika chidani ndi kukayikirana. Mu 1556, Nogai gulu anamupeza njala, ndi wa ukulu wa Moscow anakana awathandize. Izi kwambiri kuchichepetsa mphamvu ya Nogai gulu, koma Tartars anali adakali m'dziko lawo. Atangomva Nogai gulu wofooka, Moscow katswiri Chitata m'mayiko, kuchita ntchito yomanga linga. Chiwonongeko cha Nogai gulu anapitiriza Cossacks m'zaka XVI, ndi Kalmyk gulu m'zaka XVII. Ndi chiyambi cha m'ma XVIII izo wawonongedwa otsiriza anthu ake.

Mbiri ya Nogai gulu ndi zogwirizana kwambiri ndi zochitika za Kazakhstan ano. Nogais ndi Kazakhs - anthu a mtundu wina.