Izo zikuwoneka ngati kamba popanda likule: malongosoledwe, makhalidwe ndi mfundo zosangalatsa

Aliyense amene anapita ku sukulu, onetsetsani kupita ku maphunziro a sayansi. Komabe, mukafunsa anthu zana zimene zikuwoneka ngati kamba mkati, 99 a iwo sangathe kuyankha. Pali maganizo alionse amaphatikiza akhoza bwinobwino kusiya nyumba zawo leathery ndi kupita kokayenda. Tione ngati izi ziri choncho. Izo zikuwoneka ngati kamba popanda chipolopolo, ndipo kodi ndi iye - kukhala nyumba kapena zovala? Tiyeni tiyese poyankha mafunso awa.

aulesi kusanduka

Monga mukudziwa, chikhalidwe ndi wochedwa. Pakuti aliyense, nthawizina kusintha pang'ono amatenga zaka zambiri, ngakhale zaka zambiri. A chitsanzo chapadera zingakhale Odontochelys semitestacea kapena fulu wakale popanda likule. zaka zoposa miliyoni mazana awiri zapitazo, izi amphibian ndi kwenikweni analibe "nyumba" yake ndiponso ndi nyama zosavuta zolusa. Mwamwayi, anadumphirapo kusanduka, ndi agogo aakazi kamba ali chigoba chake zoyambirira - chishango pa mimba.

Inde, akamba nyumba anapanga pang'onopang'ono, choyamba mmunsi, kenako pamwamba. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti waukulu adani Odontochelys semitestacea zambiri anaukira iwo ndendende ya mimba. Ndi chishango kuteteza kamba popanda chipolopolo ndi kukhala wochepa osatetezeka, koma posakhalitsa ndi ogwirira aphunzira kuukira kuchokera ku mbali yina - pamwamba. Ndiyeno kachiwiri, amayi Nature linalowererapo - Odontochelys semitestacea ali weniweni, chipolopolo ake zonse zimene tingapereke kusunga lero.

kamba zamakono

Monga mukudziwa, achule amenewa ndiwo zolengedwa wakale ndithu. Malinga ndi sayansi, maonekedwe awo sanasinthe zaka miliyoni 140-150. Inali pa nthawi iyi kamba wakale popanda likule analandira komaliza "awiri amaganiza" buku la nyumba yake.

. Carapace wa akamba ano, komanso zaka 150 miliyoni zapitazo, imakhala ndi mbali ziwiri:

• carapace - chapamwamba, dorsal gawo la mthunzi;
• plastron - m'munsi, m'mimba mbale.

Nyumba yonse ndi zovuta amaphatikiza leathery ndi mafupa mapangidwe, amene amathandiza amphibian kudziteteza ku makhalidwe chowawa kunja. Mu chochitika cha zosayembekezereka ngozi kamba akhoza kwathunthu umabisika m'nyumba mbali zofewa thupi lake: mutu, yoteroyo ndi mchira.

Kodi kamba chipolopolo?

Amene amanena kuti kamba popanda chipolopolo angakhale akadali mwamtheradi, zoipa monga kusukulu, chabwino, kapena analilumpha zamoyo kalasi. Kutsimikiza kuti ndicho chimodzimodzi chimene ayi, tiyeni tiyang'ane pa dongosolo la mthunzi.

Choncho, monga zanenedwa, akamba nyumba tichipeza magawo awiri - m'munsi ndi chapamwamba, olumikizidwa mwa iwo wokha. Mosiyana ndi zimene ambiri amakhulupirira, amaphatikiza chipolopolo si chidutswa chimodzi, ndipo imakhala ambiri kutseka kuti uchiwo usatuluke zikopa fupa. achule onse kuchokera forte kuti sikisite mbale amenewa. Sutures mkati ndi kunja fupa mbale nyanga kutseka kuti uchiwo usatuluke sizigwirizana - ukupereka zida mphamvu yake.

Kamba House ikukula zokha, mwachitsanzo mbale latsopano awonekere m'mbali. The achule achinyamata ndi anthu wamba ndithu amene chipolopolo ndi lotseguka mumbali, ngati iwo ali pakati chimakwirira awiri. akamba awa ali pachiopsezo kwambiri, koma m'kupita chatsekedwa chipolopolo mu amphamvu odalirika zida.

Ndingathe kukhala popanda chipolopolo amaphatikiza

kamba nyumba Osangopereka Ufumuyo thupi lake - iye zinaphatikizidwa ndi gawo la mafupa ndi nthiti. Choncho, mosiyana ndi nkhono, zimene kusiya zipolopolo awo ngakhalenso kumanga, kamba chigoba chake sangachoke. Chimakula pamodzi ndi moyo wawo wonse.

Mu chikhalidwe, pali anthu oposa mazana atatu mitundu akamba, ena a iwo ndi N'zosavuta kunyamula zili mu ukapolo. Pakati pawo ndi red-opindika m'makona sliders. Popanda zida iye kwenikweni ena onse, sakhoza kukhala moyo. Komabe, ena obereketsa nthaŵi zina anakumana ndi chakuti chigoba cha chiwetocho pansi pa kusintha zina. Mwachitsanzo, chishango akhoza yokutidwa ndi mawanga leathery, flaking ndi akulimbana, pokonza.

Zofewa chipolopolo - ponseponse kapena matenda

Ngati mumaikonda - red-opindika m'makona sliders, zofewa chipolopolo ndi zizindikiro za moyo kungakhale chizindikiro cha chochitika chomvetsa chisoni kwambiri. Mmodzi matenda kwambiri mitundu amphibian (mu ukapolo) ndi zazing'ono rickets. Pokonza wa chipolopolo amasonyeza kuti nyama si kashiamu zokwanira ndi vitamini D. Ngati inu musayambe chithandizo mwadzidzidzi, ziweto akhoza kufa. Kupewa zotsatira zoipa, muyenera kulowa zakudya amaphatikiza mlingo wokwanira wa kashiamu ndi mavitamini, ndi zonse kukonza ultraviolet "kusamba." Kusankha zinthu bwino kuthandiza owona zanyama.

Komabe, zofewa-shelled akamba ndi ine nthawi zonse chizindikiro cha matenda. Mu nyama mpaka chaka - zimenezi si zachilendo. Ndi zaka miyezi 11-12, mafupa a sliders red-opindika m'makona kwathunthu wochiritsidwayo, ndi nyumba adzakhala otetezeka.

3 nthano za akamba

Nzeru. No maganizo wapadera ndipo pali nzeru zambiri pa zaka zambiri za moyo wawo sanaulule. Kumene, monga nyama zina zambiri, akamba akhoza kumva maganizo a munthu, ndipo ngakhale amaulandira.

Akuchedwa. M'mikhalidwe wabwinobwino, achule amenewa ndi zosamveka kwambiri, koma sizikutanthauza kuti iwo sangakhoze ndithu kuthamanga mwamsanga. Anthu ena akhoza kukhala ndi liwiro pafupifupi 1 Km / h. Ndipo m'minda. Mu madzi, nyama zimenezi ndi amasamukira maulendo 30 mofulumira.

Kulephera kuphunzitsa. Kumene, kamba - si galu, mwini slippers ake iye sangathe kubweretsa. Koma ngati inu kulankhula naye kawirikawiri, iye akuyamba mutu n'kunena poyankha ndipo ngakhale waggle mphamvu. Mukhozanso kumuphunzitsa kusewera mpira. Kuti tichite zimenezi, kusiya Aquarium yaing'ono yowala mpira ndi kuchokapo. Chifukwa chidwi zachilengedwe amaphatikiza posachedwapa kuyamba kukankhira patsogolo.

mfundo zosangalatsa

Monga momwe taonera, kamba popanda chipolopolo, apo panali okha pa chiyambi cha kusanduka ake. mfundo Kodi zina zosangalatsa zikhoza za iwo?

1. kamba nyumba tichipeza mayunitsi makumi asanu osiyana ndi zikuoneka ife monga munthu.
2. Khomo lachiberekero msana wa amphibian ili ndi zigawo zitatu. Kuti retract mutu, kamba amakakamizidwa anagona khosi lake katatu, monga chilembo English S.
3. Ena mitundu amatha amaphatikiza mabowo mwamphamvu chatsekedwa kwa mutu ndi mchira wa gulu kutsetsereka pa mthunzi.
4. Kale wotchuka Belka ndi Strelka anapita Moon ali kamba. Izo zinachitika mu 1968 ku Soviet Union. Achule sanali kokha moyo, koma ndithu wathanzi, pang'ono chabe wonenepa.
5. Ambiri akamba - ogwirira zachiwawa. Ngakhale kuti alibe mano, iwo kudya nyamazo, ntchito yolimba leathery mulomo.
6. Iwo alibe timinofu, koma iwo zingabweretse phokoso - Wuhan, grunting, waukulu, ndi chinachake monga cackling a. Iwo amachita zimenezi m'njira yapadera, kugwedeza mutu wake, ndipo potero kupangitsa mpweya wothinikizidwa mu mapapo.
7. Mitundu ina akamba kupuma kupyolera bulu awo. Chotulukira (cloaca) adatsinzina Kakhungu yapadera yomwe pansi submersion angathe kudutsa mpweya mu magazi yaitali.

Tikukhulupirira, m'nkhani anali chidwi kwa inu.