Nthanthi Anthropology

Kudziwa nthawi ya maonekedwe a Anthropology nthanthi monga chilango osiyana nthanthi si zotheka. nkhani Human, mwanjira ina, anayesa kuthetsa , anthu a Greece wakale, India ndi China. Nthanthi Anthropology - nzeru za umunthu, ubale wake ndi chilengedwe ndi anthu, iyemwini, ndi ena, magwero ake malamulo zikuluzikulu za umunthu wake.

Jobs Helvetia K. "O munthu," kapena "Anthropology," Kant - ndi kafukufuku pa vuto la munthu. Mu zaka za m'ma 20 nzeru za akuyesera kuthetsa ntchito Osamva kukhala chiphunzitso logwirizana la anthu mwadongosolo. Kant ankakhulupirira kuti nzeru imene amatipatsa mafunso zinayi (kodi ine ndikudziwa chimene ine ndiyenera kuchita chiyani ine angayembekezere ??? Kodi munthu?), The woyamba mafunso atatu ayenera kuchepetsedwa kwa kotala, ndi onse sayansi alipo - kwa Anthropology. Malinga Kant, ndi nzeru zaumunthu Anthropology - sayansi achikhazikitso, koma umaoneka iye yekha pamene munthu wayamba kuganiza za yemwe iye anali, kumene iye anali kubwera kumene akupita ndipo tingawadziwe bwanji kuti nyama, ndi nkhani zina.

ndi mutu wa sayansi chiyani? ndi nkhani izo ikufotokoza tsopano, ndipo adzapitiriza kuphunzira ndi chiyani? Phunziro nzeru zaumunthu Anthropology: akamanena za munthu, chiyambi chake, kufanizitsa, zigawo maganizo ndi uzimu pa dongosolo anthu ubale wa anthu (kwa anthu onse, kwa ena, chikhalidwe, chikhalidwe, etc.), kuchotsedwa zochitika anthu alipo (ntchito, ntchito, imfa, masewera , chikondi, etc.)

Scheler analemba kuti m'nthawi yathu, kwa nthawi yoyamba mu zaka zikwi khumi, anawulula vuto wa munthu - sakudziwa iye ali, koma iye akudziwa kuti iye sadziwa. The ntchito sayansi Martin Buber, M. Scheler, A. Gehlen, H. Plessner nthanthi anali kuoneka yaikulu ya "Kulowera anthropological". Koposa asayansi chikugwirizana ndi mavuto anthropological ndi chifukwa pali mbali ziwiri: mbali imodzi gawo asayansi amafuna kuti sayansi ndi zinthu zonse zokhudza munthu, koma ena - pali kuyesayesa kuthana ndi Anthropology, monga iwo amati, "anthropological kugona", "anthropological misala "ndi kubwera ku chidziwitso cha cholinga, thunthu zoona, maphunziro azachilengedwe, free munthu.

Asayansi kutsutsana sayansi si chaka choyamba, ndipo kumalizidwa zokambirana ndi sayembezereka posachedwapa. Chifukwa, nthanthi Anthropology Onse ayenera kuyambitsa chinachake, kukangana, mwachitsanzo, kuti palibe kuphunzira anthropological mfundo zina monse muniwutuke mfundo wamumtima ndi tanthauzo. Mwachitsanzo, mu sayansi synergy zikuoneka otchedwa Anthropic mfundo, nawatsimikizira kuti chilengedwe ndi katundu amene amalola kukhala moyo wanzeru, amene ali, mu nkhani iyi, munthu.

Nthanthi Anthropology zaposachedwapa ayamba kuyesezera zatenga malo a latsopano lofunika sayansi wa munthu, osati kukhala gawo mu nzeru za sayansi. Kuti zifukwa njira imeneyi nthawi zonse iye amapanga sadayeserepo kulenga chinenero chimene amalankhula zinsinsi zazikulu za munthu wokhalapo, nthambi ndi kukhudza muyaya, ukulu wa mzimu wake ndi zilakolako lowland nyama, wokhulupirika ndi kusatsatira. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti nthawi zina asayansi amene sali mbali ya Anthropology nthanthi Komabe, Polemeretsedwa chinenero chake, kukhala m'gulu lake njira zake zoyambirira ku kusanthula umunthu. Mwachitsanzo, izo zinachitika ndi oimira postmodernism. Iwo kulenga m'chinenero chawo, ndipo mosadziŵa anathandiza kuti chitukuko cha mawu, ndi amene anafotokoza tanthauzo la linakhalapo.

Komabe, tisaiwale kuti chinenero adakali silinakwaniritsidwe anaukhazikitsa, ndipo nthanthi Anthropology sanabadwe kukhala mwadongosolo lofunika sayansi za munthu.

Mwina iye sadzakhala yekha kuposa kale, koma kufunika maganizo, kufunafuna cholinga cha moyo ndi tanthauzo lalikulu la anthu mu sayansi amenewa adzakhala nthawi zonse.