Pirate mbendera mbiri, ndi zithunzi. Chidwi mfundo za Wakuba mbendera

Masiku ano ana, komanso anzawo zaka zambiri zapitazo, malotowa polera Wakuba mbendera pa bwalo lake ndi kukhala agonjetsi oopsa a kuya nyanja. Mabuku, mafilimu ndi masewera a pakompyuta pa nkhaniyi Musataye kutchuka kwawo ndi kukhala maziko masewera ana. Chifukwa "Jolly Roger" monga otchedwa Wakuba mbendera, amaona chizindikiro chachikulu achifwamba, pakuti zifukwa zina munakhala kwa dzina, ndi kumene izo zikuchokera, ndi kuti ndikutanthauza zilembo za pa izo? Tidzayensa kuzilingalira izo.

Tiyeni kumbukirani, amene anayesedwa Pirate, zimene anthu awa pamaso kuyankha mafunso.

Iwowa ndi ndani?

Mu zenizeni, achifwamba sanali ngati oseketsa pamene yosonyezedwa mosangalatsa filimu "Abrafaks pansi Wakuba mbendera." Mawu "Wakuba" ndi akale kwambiri ndipo amakhulupirira kuti unachokera mu BC V m'ma Tamasulira kuchokera ku Latin, amatanthauza "nyanja bandit amayesetsa chimwemwe." M'kupita kwa nthawi, panali maina ena: Buccaneer, Privateer, filibuster, privateer, Buccaneer, Corsair.

Cholanda "chilamulo"

Privateers, freebooters, buccaneers ndi privateers ankachita Wakuba adzafunkha zotengera za mitundu ina pa nkhondo, kuyamba makalata ili la marque - chilolezo nduna imodzi kapena ina ya nyumba yachifumu. Pakuti laisensiyo kutengedwa ndi adani onse deducted kuchuluka zina za boma zimene zathandiza kuti thumba. Ziwembu pa zombo za adani iwo kulera mbendera ya dziko limene anailola. Koma anaukitsa wakuda mbendera Wakuba anatanthauza kupereka kuti musankhepo amupereke m'manja. Zikatero, ngati mdani si muchita izo, privateers ndatambasula wofiira mbendera chenjezo kuti sipadzakhala chifundo.

Pambuyo pa mapeto a nkhondo, wolipidwa ambiri achifwamba sanafune kusiya chotero ntchito yapamwamba. Iwo anapitiriza adzafunkha zombo wamalonda adani akale, komanso ambuye awo akale.

Kodi izo zonse zinayamba

Kwa nthawi yoyamba, "Jolly Roger" monga Wakuba mbendera, malinga ndi umboni zopelekedwa, anayamba ntchito Emmanuel Vine kumapeto XVII - oyambirira XVIII zaka. Kudziwika kwa ife lero, fano pa mbendera wake lowonjezera hourglass zikutanthauza otsatirawa: "nthawi yanu ikutha." M'tsogolo, ambiri mwa atsogoleri a achifwamba anayamba Baibulo lapadera chithunzi "Jolly Roger". Kulera mbendera izi akazembe anachenjeza za amene iwo adzakhala ndi kuzipirira.

The wamkulu wa kupulumuka mbendera Pirate, zithunzi zomwe mungathe onani pansipa, ndiye mu Museum National wa Portsmouth Navy England. Anagwidwa mu nkhondo ya gombe African mu 1780. Ndipo lero n'zotheka kuona mabowo ang'onoang'ono chipolopolo m'mbali yopsereza.

Mtundu wanji umene uli?

Bwino kwa ife mafilimu ndi zojambula Wakuba mbendera wakuda. Komabe, sizinali nthawi zonse. achifwamba poyamba ntchito nsalu wofiira, umatanthauza kuti chilichonse sitiyenera kuyembekezera chifundo lidzawonongedwa. Komanso, achifwamba akanakhoza ntchito ngati mbendera boma kuopseza kapena kuchepetsa maso adani awo, ndi mbendera ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kusonyeza kuti adani okha.

Nchifukwa chiyani amatchedwa choncho?

Anthu ambiri amaganiza za chiyani Wakuba mbendera amatchedwa "Jolly Roger." Today pali maganizo ambiri amene amafuna kuti ndifotokoze izo.

The oyamba limanena kuti pa mliri ndi matenda ena opatsirana pa zombo anakweza mbendera wakuda ndi mikwingwirima awiri woyera wochenjeza ena za kuopsa bwalo. Kenako gulu zitsulo anawoloka. Iwo anali olumikizidwa ndi chigaza cha munthu, amene anali achifwamba nyanja.

Baibulo lina zachokera mfundo zalembedwa kuti corsair mbendera ya France inali yololedwa otchedwa Joyeux Rouge -. «mokondwera wofiira" achifwamba British rethought ndi kumva choncho: Jolly wa Roger (Jolly Roger). Ndiponso mukumbukire kuti kumapeto kwa XVII atumwi malamulo UK ndi umbava ukule unatengedwa - malamulo Rouge, ndi mawu akuti "zamveka" akhoza kumva ngati "oonera", "wopemphapempha", "Kunkapezekanso". Komanso, m'madera a kumpoto kwa England ndi Ireland, ndi "Roger akale" limatchedwa mtsogoleri wa asilikali mdima.

Pali kungoganizira wina: dzina Wakuba mbendera chifukwa Mfumu Roger II wa Sicily (1095-1154 biennium). wolamulira wotchuka kunkhondo ambiri onse pa nyanja ndi pa dziko pansi pa mbendera wofiira, umene Buku crossbones.

otchulidwa Popular

Tiyenera kuzilingalira zokongoletsa Wakuba mbendera (chithunzi pansipa), chigaza cha munthu ndi mafupa awiri kuwoloka wakuda maziko.

Ndithudi, chizindikiro ichi cha imfa ambiri ankagwiritsa ntchito mu malo a achifwamba, ndi gravestones ku England. otchulidwa osati zochepa wamba, amakumbukira kuti onse manda kuyembekezera, anali mafupa a, hourglasses, malupanga ndi mikondo, anawoloka malupanga ndi sabers anakweza magalasi ndi mapiko. Anthu ambiri otchulidwa, amene akanakhoza kumvetsa iliyonse. Choncho, hourglass ndi mapiko anatanthauza nthawi ikuthamanga, ndi galasi zonse - Tilandire imfa. Zithunzi zofanana zinachitika kuyambira pa aliyense payekha komanso osakaniza osiyanasiyana.

munthu Roger

Monga tanenera kale, chigaza ndi crossbones - wakale kwambiri ndi odziwika mabaibulo "Jolly Roger". Tikumbukenso kuti ofunikira icho chinali kugwiritsidwa ntchito Edward England - nyanja wakuba ku Ireland, ankasakidwa kuba mu nyanja ya Indian Ocean kotala zoyambirira za m'ma XVIII. atsogoleri ambiri ayesetsa kulenga zawo mosavuta kuzindikira chithunzi pa mbendera.

Choncho, ndithu wotchuka Wales Captain Bartholomew Roberts, ankasakidwa m'zaka XVIII mu Nyanja Caribbean, chokongoletsedwa Wakuba mbendera (chithunzi ndi pang'ono m'munsimu) yekha ataima pa zigaza awiri pa achidule ndi AMS (A Martiniquar Mutu - «chigaza martiniktsa") ndi ABH (A Barbadian Mutu - «Barbadians chigaza"). Mwanjira, ndi Welshman kwambiri ankadana okhala pazilumba, ndi timvetsetsetse lingaliro, oweruza a m'mbali ankakonda kupereka popanda kumenyana.

Pirate m'dera la Carolina m'zaka za m'ma XVII, Christopher Mudin ndi Pirate mbendera, chithunzi chimene inu mukhoza kuwona pansipa, chokongoletsedwa ndi chigaza ndi crossbones, ndi hourglass ndi mapiko ndi dzanja ndi lupanga anamuukitsa.

Mbendera ya Edvarda Ticha, imadziwika Chernaya Boroda, utoto mafupa ndi hourglass ndi umalimbana magazi mtima mkondo.

Amene tsopano aukitsa Wakuba mbendera?

Musaganize kuti "Jolly Roger" limatuluka lero mwana kapena wamkulu yekha maphwando. Kutchula mu First World nkhondo mwambo wa submariners kulowa doko pambuyo ntchito bwino ndi anakweza mbendera Wakuba moyo lero mu fleets ambiri. Ngakhale pamene nkhondo ndi Iraq, ambiri sitima zankhondo British analeredwa "Jolly Roger", kubwerera ku maziko a.

Pa mbendera izi yophiphiritsira idapereka la chombo, komanso zipambano ake. The gulu la sitima zapamadzi kuchita Wakuba mbendera ndi manja anu, kuwonjezera ziwalo zosiyanasiyana, pambuyo ntchito bwino. zosonkhanitsira masiku ano chi "Jolly Roger" mu English Museum wa Royal Navy sitima zapamadzi ali makope khumi, amene yodziwika ndi anthu awo wapadera. Mwachitsanzo, mipiringidzo wofiira amaimira usilikali, ndipo woyera - wamalonda zombo. Image Chigawenga limasonyeza kuti sitima zapamadzi anali nawo espionage kapena ntchito covert ku gombe mdani.