Saudi Mfumu Abdullah ndi banja lake

January 23, 2015 mu Riyadh ku matenda a m'mapapo anafa akale kwambiri pa nthawi imeneyo, mfumu ziliri pa dziko - Mfumu ya Saudi Arabia, amene analamulira mu 2005 - Abdullah la Saudi Arabia. The zaka pafupifupi mfumu zaka 91, anali ndi akazi khumi atatu ndi ana oposa makumi anai.

boma limodzi

Dzina la yaikulu mu Arabiya boma amachokera mafumu a dziko kulamulira. Makolo Saudis amadziwika m'zaka za m'ma 15, ndi pakati pa 18 ndi iwo anayamba kumenyana kwa chilengedwe cha boma limodzi. Mu nkhondo imeneyi, anadalira pa mafunde zosiyanasiyana za Islam, kuphatikizapo Wahhabism. Saudis kuti apambane nalowa mapangano ndi m'mayiko - kuphatikizapo Britain ndi US, monga izo zinaliri kale m'zaka 20.

Pamaso Saudi Arabia ankalankhula zikuchitika ndi dongosolo la ndale, panali awiri anayesa atalephera pa maphunziro ufumu Saudi: mu 1744 pansi pa utsogoleri wa Muhammad Ibn Saud mu 1818, pamene mkulu wa maiko Arabia anakhala Turki Ibn Adallo Ibn Muhammad Ibn Saud, ndipo kenako - wake mwana Faisal. Koma kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 19, ndi Saudis anathamangitsidwa Riyadh - Riyadh kwa oyang'anira Kuwait wa banja china champhamvu - Rashidi.

Tate wa mafumu achifumu

Kumayambiriro kwa watsopano - makumi awiri - m'ma pakati Saudis amene ankafuna kuti akonze logwirizana Arabia boma mu ulamuliro wake, panali mnyamata wina, amene mikono ndi sayansi asilikali anakopeka kuposa mathirakiti achipembedzo kapena ovuta nzeru East. dzina lake anali Abdul-Aziz Ibn Abdul Rahman bin Faisal Al Saud, kapena kungoti Ibn Saud - mfumu yoyamba ya Saudi Arabia.

Kuyambira ndi imodzi mwa zigawo - Nejd - kudalira chiphunzitso cha "choyera" Islam, kupanga maziko a asilikali a Bedouins, amene anaphunzitsa kuti zogona, pa nthawi yoyenera zochokera thandizo British, ntchito zomwe luso ndi sayansi yatsopano m'ma - wailesi, magalimoto, ndege, telefoni - Abdul Aziz mu 1932 anali mtsogoleri amene anakhazikitsa boma wamphamvu Chisilamu. Kuyambira pamenepo, mutu wa Saudi Arabia mamembala alternately a banja limodzi: Ibn Saud ndi ana ake asanu.

Likulu la dziko la chisilamu

Pakati achipongwe zobiriwira kupereka wolamulira autocratic la Saudi ufumu, ndi limodzi mwa mayina kwambiri mu dziko Muslim - ". Udindo woteteza awiri Woyera mizikiti" Mfumu ya Saudi Arabia ali m'mizinda kuwiri kwa Asilamu wopembedza - Mecca ndi Medina, ndiwo tiakachisi lalikulu la Islam. Ndi mbali ya Mecca potembenukiranso awo m'mapemphero tsiku Asilamu. Pakati pa Mecca ndi Home, malo, Great Mosque - Al-haram, mu bwalo ndilo Al-kaaba - "nyumba yopatulika" - dongosolo kiyubiki ndi anamanga-mu imodzi mwa ngodya zake Black Stone, amene anatumidwa ndi Mulungu kwa mneneri Adam, ndi kukhudzidwa ndi Mtumiki Mohammed. Izi tiakachisi - cholinga chachikulu anafuna ndi Hajj amwendamnjira.

Medina - mzinda umene yachiwiri yaikulu kwambiri Muslim Mosque - Masjid al-Nabawi - Mosque wa Mtumiki, mu mzikiti wobiriwira amene ali m'manda a Muhamadi.

Mfumu ya Saudi Arabia, mwa zina - munthu, amene ali ndi udindo chifukwa chitetezo cha malo opatulika Muslim, moyo ndi chitetezo cha misa yaikulu anthu - anthu amene amachita Hajj.

Chitatu mwana wa mkazi wake

Woyambitsa wa Saudi Arabia - Abdul Aziz Ibn Saud - anali mkulu woona za kum'mawa: akazi ambiri, amene anawerengedwa dazeni ochepa, anamuberekera 45 ana olowa. Chitatu mkazi, Ibn Saud anali bint Fahd Aziz Asuri, anakwatira pambuyo Saudis anapha mwamuna wake woyamba - mdani zoipitsitsa Abdul Aziz - wolamulira wa mmodzi wa Emirates Arabia dzina lake Saud dzina lake Rashid. Kuti wabadwa Mfumu Abdullah la Saudi Arabia, yemwe anamwalira mu January 2015 ndipo anasiya amaonekera pa mbiriyakale ya Mafumu.

Pamene mu 1982, Abdullah anali kuyesedwa korona kalonga ndi ufulu wa mkulu, anatenga mpando wake theka m'bale Fahd yaitali anaganizirapo: Zonse Al-Saud, kukamenyana ndi mpando wachifumu, anabadwa mmodzi, mkazi wake wokondedwa wa Ibn Saud - Husoy mtundu wa Sudairy. Koma Abdullah, kunena za mayi wa banja lina - Shamar - anakhala mfumu, ndipo anakhala de A facto wolamulira, Pasanapite nthawi coronation boma (2005) anakhala nduna yaikulu mu 1995, pamene Fahd adapuma, anakhala wolemala pambuyo sitiroko a.

Ndikanakhala kuti mfumu ...

Moyo mu boma Chisilamu m'magawo onse zikuwoneka zachilendo kwa azungu. N'zovuta kulingalira atsogoleri European, amene adzakwatiwa nthawi 30 Korol Abdulla.

Saudi Arabia - Dziko amene amakhala mwa chilamulo Sharia, ndi m'nyumba ya munthu silingathe kukhala ndi moyo akazi oposera anayi, ndicho chimene banja unapangidwa bungwe ndi mfumu Saudi. Abdullah - atate wa ana ambiri, iye anabadwa khumi chabe za anayi ana, kuphatikizapo ana 15.

Abdullah anakhala ubwana wake pakati pa mtundu wa Bedouin, omwe kwakhudza kutengeka ndi, mfumu - iye anali, mpaka posachedwapa, nthawi zambiri mu Morocco, kumene ankachita nawo falconry, ndi khola ake racehorses ankadziwika kuti dziko lonse.

chuma chenicheni

Aliyense amene lero amaona SA likulu - Riyadh - kapena kusonyeza mkati mwa ndege ya Mfumu ya Saudi Arabia chithunzi, kudzakhala kovuta kulingalira kuti nthawi ya mapangidwe mu 1932, Saudi Arabia a mayiko osauka a dziko lapansi. Cha m'ma 30 ntchentche nkhokwe yaikulu kwambiri mafuta ndi gasi kuti chatsegulidwa mu Arabiya. Development ndi chitukuko cha madipoziti anapatsidwa makampani mafuta US, choyamba anachotsa kwambiri phindu la. Pang'onopang'ono, ulamuliro wa mafuta kupanga anasamutsidwa ndi boma, ndiye banja lachifumu, ndipo petrodollars akhala chifukwa cha chuma ufumu Saudi.

Saudis zimapezeka mu bungwe la mafuta Exporting Mayiko, amene akulamulira za kulandilidwa ndi mphambu ziwili za zitsime zamafuta dziko. Mphamvu ya mfumu Saudi pa mapangidwe mitengo chimasanduka Mzimuyo kufunika ndale dziko. Chingasinthe lonse m'zaka za m'ma 20, koma zonse kuchuluka.

Mfumu - wokonzanso

N'zosatheka kuyerekezera n'zotheka kusintha mwadzidzidzi mfundo yachilendo ndi njira zoweta dziko kumene mphamvu ya boma lachifumu mtheradi, kumene podzudzula zochita za Boma zitha kulipira mutu, pamene palibe Mphamvu zokonza malamulo adziko: malamulo - ichi malamulo achifumu. Makamaka chidwi za ulemerero wa mfumu-wokonzanso, amene anali kupereka kwa Korol Abdulla. Saudi Arabia pamene anakumana mpumulo - monga rigor kum'mawa ulemu, komanso chikhalidwe Islam nkhanza akazi.

Mmodzi mwa malamulo loyamba la King 6 wa mfumu Saudi zimafika mwambo wa nampsopsonetsa manja, n'kubweretsa chanza zambiri demokalase. Chigamulo chofunika kwambiri kuti lamulo la Abdullah anakhala anthu a m'banja lachifumu ntchito zosowa munthu wa chuma ndalama boma.

Kukwera chenicheni chinali kukhazikitsidwa kwa University of Science and Technology Mfumu Abdullah pafupi ndi mzinda wa Jeddah, pamene analoledwa maphunziro anzake a atsikana ndi anyamata. No zochepa kugirigisha anali kuikidwa kwa akazi kuti boma: Nora bint (bandeji - wamwamuna kufanizira bin - "Mwana") Abdalla Ben Musaed Al-Faiz anakhala nduna Wachiwiri kwa atsikana. The malowedwe a akazi kuti mitundu ina ya chisankho oyang'anira tauni wapanga chifaniziro cha mfumu Saudi ngakhale okongola kwa mbali ya kusintha demokalase. Kuonetsetsa ndalama kuphunzira ndalama kunja kwambiri analola kuti CA akumakhalira dziko.

Mwana wamkazi wa Mfumu Abdullah - Mfumukazi Adilla - anakhala pa nkhope ya dongosolo ndiwofatsa boma. Mkazi wa nduna ya maphunziro, wokongola, chikhulupiriro mkazi, anthu ambiri monga chizindikiro cha watsopano, ngakhale kuti palibe funso la kuunikanso kwakukulu a udindo wa akazi mu Islam.

mwambo inviolable

Komabe, chinthu chachikulu banja akulamulira ufumu - kupatulika ndi yakuti miyambo zochokera mwambo wa Sharia.

Chilango chomenya akazi kuti 'khalidwe loipa' kapena zovala lightheadedness, kudula manja kuba, chilango Chaukali maula onse "matsenga", etc. - .. Sizachilendo mchitidwe mu moyo wa anthu Saudi.

miyambo zikuphatikizapo ndi ostentation azinga Saudi achifumu wachifumu. Private ndege Mfumu ya Saudi Arabia ku mfundo luso view - yodalirika ndege zaka za m'ma XX-TH, koma ulemerero mkati amaoneka ngati Fairy-nthano panyumba ya Sultan la nthano "Chikwi ndi usiku wina."

Ndipo inakwaniritsidwa analeredwa ambiri, ma yatchi ndi magalimoto a m'banja lachifumu.

Mmodzi wa olemera Mafumu

Kuwerengetsa mosaphonyetsa, mfumu mwayi munthu kuli kovuta, makamaka m'dziko kutsekedwa kwa alendo, monga Saudi Arabia. Otchedwa manambala kuchokera $ 30 biliyoni 65. Mulimonsemo, si munthu wosauka, ngakhale tikambirana chiwerengero cha mamembala a m'banja lachifumu. Pali munthu amathera petrodollars - akazi a Mfumu ya Saudi Arabia ndi harem chidwi, ngakhale Korani amaletsa yokhala kuposa anayi. Tiyenera mwakhama ntchito Institute chilekano, amene kum'mawa wopanda zamawonekedwe zosafunika.

Nkhani banja

Masiku ano m'dzikoli ndi ntchito kuwombola nkhani, zikubweretsa milingo yosiyana. Kumapeto kwa 2013 mu kuyankhulana ndi manyuzipepala British, amene anapanga mwana wa Abdullah Mfumu ya Saudi Arabia Mfumukazi Sahara. Iwo anali ananena kuti iye ndi alongo ake atatu kwa zaka 13 m'ndende panyumba, zomwe chikangoperekedwa pa iwo bambo.

M'manyuzipepala ndi pa makonde uthenga afalitsa nkhani zokhudza miyambo ya harems achifumu. Iwo anali mtsikana ndi mayi Sahara a - mkazi wakale wa Mfumu ya Saudi Arabia. Photos Al-ANMC Daham al-Bakhit Al-Fayez, amene pa zaka 15 anakwatiwa ndi Abdullah, ndipo mosatsata bulanchi ndipo adawapitikitsa pambuyo pa chilekano, kuwonjezera sewero zaka khumi.

Zosokoneza watikoka chidwi vuto la kusala akazi mu dziko Muslim. Nkhani za lochitira zoopsa pakati pa amuna ndi akazi pa anthu Saudi anasefukira ndi kusindikiza ndi kompyuta. zithunzi makamaka wotchuka, pamene ndegeyo anawomberedwa mfumu ya Saudi Arabia - chizindikiro cha kalembedwe akale a boma, zochokera mwanaalirenji mosadziletsa.

Koma sizinali zophweka choncho, dziko akadali mosalekeza. Ine ndinakwera yoweyula wina. Anthu mabungwe Chisilamu, Mwa omwe panali akazi ambiri ndi chimodzimodzi chilakolako mlandu atolankhani ndi andale pofuna kukakamiza anthu makhalidwe wawo kwa anthu, limene iwo sadamlandire Kudzidalira. The Zionetsero ndi anthu ankhanza kubzala maganizo Western pa moyo ankaoneka ngati chenicheni ndi wolungama.

Mfumu akufa, ndi moyo wautali, mfumu

Lero, pa mpando wachifumu mu Riyadh Salman la Saudi Arabia - chiwiri mfumu ya Saudi Arabia. Photos, amene anajambula mfumu yatsopano, musati amasiyana kwambiri mu maso a ku Ulaya ndi zimene zachotsedwa pa moyo wa Mfumu Abdullah. Mbiri ya boma Saudi akupitiriza.