Kaiser Wilhelm II: Chithunzi ndi biography

Mafumu otsiriza a Germany ankatchedwa Kaisers. Ngakhale kuti dziko la Germany lija lidalamuliridwa ndi mafumu a nthawi zonse ndi anthu, m'mayiko ena a ku Ulaya, mawuwa adagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa oimira atatu okha omwe adakhalapo pa mtsogoleri wa Swabian (kum'mwera chakumadzulo kwa Germany, kumtunda kwa Danube ndi Rhine) wa a Hohenzollerns - Wilhelm I, Friedrich III Ndipo Wilhelm II.

Maonekedwe ovuta m'dziko

Kaiser Wilhelm II sanali chabe mfumu yomaliza ya mafumu, komanso mfumu yomaliza ya mfumu ya Germany. Munthuyu anali ovuta kwambiri. Mwana woyamba wa ana asanu ndi atatu a Friedrich wa Prussia ndi Chingerezi Princess Victoria anabadwa chifukwa cha zovuta zobadwa, zomwe zinali zovuta kwambiri kuti Kaiser Wilhelm Wachiwiri wazaka za moyo wake wonse wa Germany adakali wolemala, ndi kulemala kwakukulu. Dzanja lamanzere linawonongeka ndipo linakhala lalifupi kuposa lamanja la masentimita 15. Kuphulika kwa mitsempha ya brachial ndi torticollis kunaphatikizapo mndandanda wa matenda omwe anapezeka pa kubadwa. Mwanayu adakakamizidwa kuti azikhala ndi zopweteka komanso zopweteka.

Kupanga khalidwe

Mwachidziwikire, kumvetsera kwa iye kuchokera kwa achibale onse olemekezeka anali kukwezedwa - iye anawonongedwa. Kuonjezera apo, makolo omwe ali ndi matupi amapereka malipiro chifukwa cha zofooka zawo ndi maphunziro abwino kwambiri. Ndipo sizosadabwitsa kuti chikhalidwe chomaliza cha German Kaiser Wilhelm yachiwiri sichinali chovuta, koma choopsa - anali wodzikweza, wodzikweza komanso wotsutsa. Malingaliro ake okhulupilira, malinga ndi anthu a masiku ano, anali ndi "kulimba kwa crystalline". Chirombo ichi chinayambitsa Ulaya ku Nkhondo Yoyamba Yadziko lonse. Zithunzi zambiri zinagwidwa ndi ana a nkhope ya munthu wankhanza.

"Chaka cha Amuna Atatu"

Wobadwa mu 1859, kale mu 1888 anakhala mfumu. Kerman wabwino, wotsogoleredwa ndi "Chancellor Iron" Otto von Bismarck, Wilhelm I, amamwalira mu 1888, omwe m'mbiri ya Germany anatchedwa "chaka cha mafumu atatu." Mwana wake Friedrich III wa Prussia Kaiser anakhala masiku 99 okha, popeza anafa mwadzidzidzi ku khansa ya larynx. June 15, 1888 Wilhelm II - munthu wokhala wodzidalira kwambiri, chikhulupiriro chosagwedera mu nzeru zake ndikutha kusintha dziko - anakwera kumpando wachifumu wa Germany.

Kuthamangira ku mphamvu

Poyamba, chikhumbo cholimbikira kukhala choyamba kuti chizitsamwitsidwe ndi zofooka zathupi ndi mavuto a maganizo. Pambuyo pa kukonzedwa, zilakolako zinathawa. Atumiki analetsedwa kudziganizira okha. Bismarck, yemwe William yemwe ndimamutumikira pamaso pake, adatsutsidwa, malamulo ambiri operekedwa ndi womanga mgwirizano wa Germany anachotsedwa, zomwe zinali ndi zotsatira zowawa kwambiri (makamaka kubwezeredwa kwa lamulo motsutsana ndi socialists). Kwa kanthawi kochepa, phwando la Kaiser latsopano, lofuna kusintha pa chikhalidwe cha boma, linapeza mphamvu ndi mphamvu zopanda kale. Izi sizingathetseretu kugwa kwa boma.

Msilikali

Chuma chomwe chinakhazikitsidwa ndi Bismarck, kumapeto kwa zaka zana, chinapanga Germany kukhala dziko lotsogolera ku Ulaya. Kufuna kwa Kaiser kunawotcha, adakonzanso, kukonza ndi kuwonjezera asilikali. Gulu la bajeti linayambika ndi zizindikiro 18 miliyoni, mphamvu ya asilikali inakula ndi anthu 18,000. Izi zikhoza kuchititsa mantha ku Russia ndi Britain, zomwe zachokera ku Germany. Kaiser Wilhelm wa ku Germany anasiyidwa opanda mgwirizano. Mu nkhondo yomwe idagonjetsedwa ndi Austria ndi Hungary okha. Pogwiritsa ntchito kuphedwa kwa Archduke Ferdinand, adalengeza nkhondo ku Russia ndi England, ndiyeno ku Ulaya konse.

Wosakwiya komanso wosasangalatsa

Koma pakuyamba nkhondo, Mfumu ya Germany yomaliza inalephera kukondwera ndi kuphedwa kwake komwe adayambitsa, ndipo poyambira mu 1915 iye sanalepheretsere kanthu kalikonse. Nkhondo yonse ya ku Ulaya inatsogoleredwa ndi akuluakulu a boma Hindenburg ndi Ludendorff. Pulogalamu ya Revolution ya November inayamba ku Germany pa November 4, 1918. Ufumuwo unatha, Wilhelm anachotsedwa ku mphamvu, ndipo anathawa ndi banja kupita ku Netherlands. Ankafuna kuti aweruzidwe ngati wachifwamba, koma mfumukazi ya dziko lino Wilhelmina anakana kum'tenga. Anakhala kwa zaka makumi awiri (20), akusangalala ndi mtima wonse pa zochitika zonse za fascists, ndipo adadzaza Hitler ndi telegrams yokondweretsa. M'nyumbamo yake Dorn, adafa pa June 4, 1941 ndipo kugonjetsedwa kwa "Germany yaikulu" sanawone.

Ndalama za ndalama

Pansi pa Otto von Bismarck, yemwe ankaonedwa kuti ndi "womanga nyumba" wa mgwirizano wa Germany, sikunali Ufumu wokha womwe unalengedwa, chuma chinapangidwa, ndalama imodzi imapezeka m'dziko lino. Ndalama za siliva za Kaiser Wilhelm I zinayamba kupangidwa pambuyo pa nkhondo ya Franco-Prussia ya 1870-1871. Zinalembedwa kuyambira 1873 mpaka 1919. Poyambira mu 1924 a Reichsmark, ndalama zasiliva zinayambikitsidwa.

Chigololo kwa agogo a agogo aamuna

A German, monga anthu ena, amalemekeza zochitika za mbiri yakale. Mpingo wa Kaiser Wilhelm ku Berlin ndi mtundu wa chikumbutso kwa mafumu oyambirira ndi omalizira a Germany. Dzina lina lalifupi ndi Gedektniskirkha, ndipo a Berliners amatcha "dzino lopanda". Nyumba yomanga Chiprotestanti inamangidwa malinga ndi ntchito ya Franz Schwechten. Ichi ndi msonkho kwa mdzukulu wa mdzukulu wake. Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Church inamangidwa mu 1891-1895. Kwa nthawi yayitali anakhalabe wapamwamba kwambiri ku Berlin - imakwera mamita 113.

Kubwezeretsedwa kwa tchalitchi kunawonongedwa ndi chiwonongeko

Nyumba yapachiyambiyo inawonongedwa ndi bungwe la Allied ndege pa November 23, 1943. Koma kukumbukira kwake kunali kofunika kwa a Berliners kuti pamene malo ake akuluakulu a mzinda adaganiza zomanga nyumba yatsopano, adanyamuka kuti ateteze tchalitchi. Nyuzipepala zonse zinadzazidwa ndi makalata okwiya komanso okwiya. Chiwonetserocho chinapambana. Mpingo wa Kaiser Wilhelm unamangidwanso malinga ndi ntchito ya Egon Ayermann. Mabwinja a nsanja yaikulu mamita 68 adasungidwa, ndipo kuzungulira kwawo womanga nyumba anamanga nyumba zamakono, makamaka, nsanja ina yokhala ndi mtanda, ndipo ili ndi mazana ambiri a buluu. Belu imalira pa nsanja ola lililonse.

Zamakono zamakono

Kuyambira kwa nyumba yomanga nyumba yobwezeretsedwa kunathandiza alendo a likulu kuti amutche "Blue Church". Magalasi osawerengeka a mtundu uwu amalowetsedwa mu zisa za konkire, mkati mwawo ndizo magetsi. Nyumba yonse yatsopano imapeza kuwala kodabwitsa kwa buluu. Kuwala komwe kumachokera kunja ndikuwotchera mkati mwa nyumba kumabweretsa zotsatira zodabwitsa. Kuyandama kwa pafupifupi mamita asanu ndi atatu a Khristu ndi manja otambasula ngati kuti akukwera pamwamba pa guwa lansembe. Mpingo watsopano unapatulidwa mu 1961. Masewera olimbitsa mlungu uliwonse amakhala otchuka kwambiri pakati pa Berliners ndi alendo a likulu la Germany. Mpingo wa Kaiser Wilhelm, womwe uli pa Bright Square, pambuyo pa kumangidwanso unakhala mtundu wa chikumbutso cha chiwonongeko ndi chilengedwe. Mabwinja a nsanja yakaleyo atsala ngati malo ochenjeza.

Chinthu china chosakumbukika

Kukumbukira kwa Mfumu Yomaliza ya ku Germany kumasungidwa pamalo amodzi. Pali njira ya Kaiser Wilhelm m'dzikoli. Mtsinje wa Kiel umatha kuyenda ndipo umagwirizanitsa ndi Baltic ndi North America. Kutalika kwake kuchokera pakamwa pa Elbe ku Kiel Bay ndi kilomita 98. M'lifupi ndi mamita 100, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zombo zizitsatira kuchokera ku nyanja ya Baltic kupita ku North Sea osati kuzungulira Denmark, koma mwachindunji. Njirayo, yomwe inakhazikitsidwa mwaulemu mu June 1895 ndi Kaiser Wilhelm II, ikugwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama. Ndi lotseguka kuti ntchito yapadziko lonse.