Kulumikizana ndi Moscow ukulu wa Tver pamene munthu chinachitika ndi chaka chimene? Kulumikizana Novgorod ndi Tver kwa Moscow ukulu

M'zaka za m'ma XI Old boma Russian unagawidwa maukulu angapo palokha. Pambuyo nkhondo ya Chitata ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa Mongol goli anayamba kuculuka chikoka Moscow. tawuni yaing'ono imeneyi inadzakhala likulu la ndale za mayiko Russian. Moscow akalonga anatsogolera kulimbana ndi okhalamo steppe. Pambuyo wotchedwa Dmitry Donskoy anagonjetsa Mamai mu Nkhondo ya Kulikov, udindo uwu utsogoleri zina mphamvu.

kujowina Novgorod

Komabe, kuwonjezera Moscow, pali anali ochepa olemera ndi zofunika mizinda, amene ankasangalala ufulu. Choyamba anali Novgorod ndi Tver. Iwo Ufumuyo Moscow pa ulamuliro wa Ivan III wa (1462-1505).

Ambuye Novgorod Wamkulu nthawizonse ankaima mizinda ina Russian. M'zaka za m'ma XII izo anakhazikitsa dongosolo Republican boma. Mphamvu mu mzinda kwenikweni m'manja mwa Komiti. Icho chinali kusonkhanitsa nzika, amene tikuchita ndi kayendetsedwe kiyi Novgorod kudzera kukavota. Chotero demokalase linaliponso okha Pskov. Novgorod anasankha kalonga awo. Monga ulamuliro, awa anali olamulira a Rurik mafumu. Kalonga sanathe kusamutsa mphamvu cholowa, monga momwe Adachitidwira m'mizinda ina yakale.

Kulumikizana Novgorod ndi Tver kwa Moscow ukulu zinachititsa kuti kunyema miyambo bwino kuti m'deralo. Ivan III sanali mfundo za ufulu amene analamulira pa magombe a Volkhov. Mu zaka zoyambilira za ulamuliro wake anachita mgwirizano umene Novgorod Moscow autocrat anavomereza woyang'anira wake. Komabe, panali gulu la olemekezeka amene sanafune kulimbikitsa chikoka Ivan. Gulu la boyars, lotsogoledwa ndi Bwanamkubwa Mkazi Marfoy Boretskoy mgwirizano ndi Lithuania. Ivan wosasamala kuchita izi monga kusakhulupirika a. Iye anati nkhondo osamvera. Mu 1478 asilikali ake litafika pa Novgorod ndi linalanda kwa chuma cha Moscow kalonga. Iwo anawachotsa chizindikiro chachikulu cha ufulu wa anthu am'deralo ndi - khamu belo.

Udindo wa Mikhail Khodorkovsky

Panthawi imeneyi, Tver akadali ufulu wodzilamulira wa Moscow. Likulu achinyamata Prince Mikhail Borisovich. Ivan III pa nthawi anatanganidwa unansi wake ndi Tver chifukwa cha nkhondo ndi asilikaliwa. Mu 1480 zinatenga ataima pa za Ugra mtsinje. Pambuyo pake, Ivan potsiriza anamuchotsa wa Golden gulu udindo tributary.

Pambuyo kugwirizana kwa Moscow ukulu wa Tver. Ivan III anali zimakhudza mbali, ndi khamu lalikulu. Tver anali munthu atsopano a malamulo a "kusonkhanitsa m'mayiko Russian" komanso chifukwa umwini wa Mikhail Borisovich kuti zisokoneze ubwenzi Moscow ndi Novgorod.

History Tver

Lisanaperekedwe, m'zaka za m'ma XIV Tver anali mwayi wokhala likulu la ogwirizanitsira maukulu East Asilavo. Kwa nthawi yaitali, olamulira mzinda ngakhale anatenga Vladimir - likulu wakale derali. Komabe, kuyamba mofulumira lina la Tver akalonga kuda nkhaŵa Chitata ndi olamulira ena Russian. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, mzinda anali munthu wa mndandanda wa nkhondo imene anthu onse oyandikana ogwirizana ndi iye. Akalonga atatu a Tver panthawi zosiyanasiyana anataya mitu yawo chiguluchi. Kudzera nkhondo imeneyi ulamuliro pa maiko Russian Moscow anapambana. Ivan III monga m'mene ndidatsiriza ntchito imene anayamba akalambula ake.

Moscow ndi Tver Union

Tver olamulira, kutaya chikoka wake wakale, anayesa kunena mgwirizano ndi Russia, amene iwo adzakhala anthu ofanana. Pamene bambo ake Ivan III, Vasily Mdima, mu ulamuliro wake anayamba chipwirikiti. Nkhondo ya pakati pa zidzukulu Dmitriya Donskogo (pretenders ufumu) kwatanthauza kuti ndiye Kalonga wa Tver Boris anaganiza kuthandiza mmodzi wa iwo. kusankha adagwa pa Mdima Basil. Olamulira anavomera kuti Ivan III anakwatira mwana wa mkulu wa Tver. Pamene Basil potsiriza wotetezedwa pampando wachifumu (ngakhale kuti iye anachititsidwa khungu), mgwirizano anali kuimaliza kukonza.

Komabe, ukwati wa Ivan III kunatheka inalowa ku Moscow ukulu wa Tver. mwana wake woyamba (komanso Ivan), chifukwa mayi ake anali ndi ufulu wonse mpando wachifumu agogo ake.

Mugone kuzirala

Poswekapo ubale wa pakati pa anansi anadza, pamene mwadzidzidzi mkazi wa wafa Moscow Maria B. Duke. Zitachitika izi, maudindo ndi wamasomphenya Tver boyars anayamba kusamukira ku Moscow, pokonzekera nkhondo m'tsogolo. Mmodzi mwa iwo anali Mwachitsanzo, Daniil Holmsky - wotchuka kazembe ndi asilikali. Kulumikizana ndi Moscow ukulu wa Tver anali kuchitika kwa zifukwa mosalephera mbiri, ndi zikamera wa chifukwa anaonekera okha nkhani ya nthawi. Ivan III anamukweza defectors, kuonetsanso boyars ena kuti ndi bwino kusuntha utumiki kwa iye. zonsezi apanga kugwirizana kwa Moscow ukulu wa Tver zolimbitsa mosavuta. Osankhika chosakanikirana ndi mzinda alibe kubzikhotcera mwambo mosalephera.

Kuukira lotsatira pa Mihailu Borisovichu anali kuikidwa wa Bishop wa Tver Bassion. M'dziko anali mwana wa mmodzi wa asilikali Ivan III. Bishopu latsopano anali diso la mfumu ina. Iye anachita zinthu zambiri kuika inalowa la Tver kwa Moscow ukulu. Chaka Bishop Ivan anatumiza akutumiza pa boma la maganizo a anthu apamwamba m'dera.

Latsopano adani Michael

Chiyembekezo lotsiriza la Mikhail Borisovich kusunga ufulu akhoza kukhala mgwirizano ndi boma Chipolishi Chilituyaniya. Kulumikizana Tver kwa Moscow ukulu adzakhala zovuta ngati anayima anansi Western. Poyamba, Michael motsogozedwa ndi magnates chikale ndi ana a Gediminas. Iye anamaliza mabanja dynastic, koma iwo sanali kubweretsa mapindu iliyonse.

Mu 1483 Michael anakhala wosiyidwa. Iye anaganiza kutumiza akazembe chinsinsi kwa Polish mfumu Casimir. Mkulu ankafuna kukwatira mdzukulu wake ndi kulandira angakuthandizeni odalirika. Zitsulo anali Akatolika, ndipo mu Moscow iwo ankapatsidwa kuposa ozizira. Posachedwa Ivan III anaphunzira za asapita chinsinsi Michael. Kenako anaganiza kuyamba Tver kugwirizana Moscow ukulu. Deti la chochitika ichi akupitirizabe likuyandikira.

Igwani Tver

Kumapeto kwa August 1485, Ivan III anasonkhana regiments okhulupirika. Ndi iwo anapita Tver, kulengeza nkhondo Mihailu Borisovichu. Pewani ukulu anali kanthu. Michael anathawira ku Poland. Anatsalira ku boyars Ivan wauzidwa iwo mu utumiki wake kuposa kugwirizana yomalizidwa Tver kwa Moscow ukulu. Chaka Ivan anasiya pang'onopang'ono mnzake popanda mbali ndi chuma. Pomaliza, panali kutsatira Moscow ukulu wa Tver. Ngati munthu akanakhala ndi moyo kapena tsopano mzinda okhala, iwo sakanakhoza kupereka kukana ya boma. Moscow anali zotsatira zachilengedwe za kuwonjezeka ya kulimbana zaka zakubadwa pakati pa maukulu enieni, omwe anali kupambana munthu wina. Pamene mwana wa Ivan III ndi Vasily linagwirizana Pskov ndi Ryazan, imene inatha mgwirizano wa Russia. Moscow wakhala pakati dziko ndale, amene kale anali osati kutsutsana.

Last Prince wa Tver Mikhail Borisovich anali mu Poland, kumene anakafa mwamtendere 1505 (chaka chomwecho monga Ivan III). Ndi Casimir, analandira zigawo zingapo, kumene ankakhala mpaka imfa yake.