"Njira Mdima": a kusanthula nkhani Ivana Bunina

Bunin Ivan Alekseevich ndi mmodzi wa olemba bwino a dziko lathu. deta yake yoyamba ya ndakatulo anaonekera mu 1881. nkhani "Pa nsonga ya dziko", "Tanya", "News ku dzikolakwathu," iwo ndiye anajambula ndi ena. Mu 1901 iye anatulutsa zosonkhanitsira latsopano "Listopad", umene wolemba analandira Pushkin Prize.

Kuti wolemba kubwera mu kutchuka ndi kuzindikira. Iye anakomana ndi Gorky, A. P. Chehovym, Leo Tolstoy.

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 20, Ivan amalenga nkhani "Zahar Vorobiev," "Pine", "Antonov maapulo" ndi ena amene anagwidwa Russian chikhalidwe, tsoka kwa anagonjetsa, anthu osauka, komanso kuwonongedwa kwa zigawo za amazikonda anthu otchuka.

Utasintha The October ndi emigration

October kuukira boma Bunin anazindikira zoipa ngati sewero chikhalidwe. Iye anasamuka mu 1920 ku France. Apa iye analemba, mwa ntchito zina, mkombero wa nkhani yochepa lotchedwa "Mdima makwalala" (Nkhani kusanthula dzina womwewo wa chopereka ife basi pansipa). Nkhani yaikulu kuzungulira - chikondi. Ivan akuulula kuti si mwachonga izo, komanso wa mdima, umboni ndi dzina kwambiri.

Bunin ndi tsoka zinali zomvetsa chisoni komanso osangalala. Mu luso lake iye wafika pamwamba kuposa woyamba wa olemba zoweta analandira yapamwamba Nobel Prize. Koma anakhala zaka makumi atatu m'dziko lachilendo, achibale ndi ubale ndi iye.

Zosonkhanitsira "Mdima makwalala"

Zochitika zimenezi anatumikira monga kutsogolera kwa chilengedwe cha mkombero "Alley mdima", limene ife tisanthule. Pamodzi fomu iyi chidule choyamba anaonekera ku New York mu 1943. Mu 1946 ku Paris kuti anachokera kope yotsatira, womwenso 38 nkhani. Collection zikuchepa osiyana amanena kuchokera ku kukhala mutu wa chikondi amakonda anaphimba mabuku Soviet.

view Bunin cha chikondi

Bunin anali wosiyana ndi ena, maganizo ake a kumverera uku. Omaliza icho chinali chimodzi - imfa kapena kupatukana, ziribe kanthu momwe zilembo kukondana. Ivan ankaganiza kuti izi kumverera ngati kung'anima, koma ichi ndi wokongola. Chikondi pa nthawi m'malo mwa chikondi, amene pang'onopang'ono inasanduka moyo. ngwazi Bunin ali mosatsata izo. Iwo kudutsa yopuma mmwamba ndi kung'anima, sangalalani.

Taganizirani mankhwala "Mdima makwalala". Analysis nkhani kutsegula lotchedwa mkombero adzayamba ndi kufotokoza mwachidule chiwembu.

Ndale za nkhani "Mdima makwalala"

chiwembu ndi kumveka. Gen. Nikolai, munthu wokalamba, afika ku siteshoni positi kukakumana wake wokondedwa pano, Ndaona kuti pafupifupi 35. Ine ndikuyembekeza amaphunzira mwakamodzi. Tsopano iye ali - mwini nyumba ya alendo, kumene kunali msonkhano wawo woyamba. The ngwazi lapeza kuti nthawi yonseyi adakonda basi.

Nkhani "Mdima makwalala" akupitiriza. Nikolai akuyesera zifukwa mkazi chinachake chimene sichiri kukamuona kwa zaka zambiri. "Chirichonse akudutsa," - iye anati. Koma kwambiri mwamasewera, zosamveka mafotokozedwe awa. Mwanzeru Yankho Hope General, kuti achinyamata kumachitika nthawi zonse, ndi chikondi - palibe. Mkazi limatonza wokonda ake kuti iye anasiya omangidwa iye, kotero izo nthawi zambiri amafuna kudzipha, koma amadziwa kuti tsopano mochedwa kwambiri kuti chitonzo.

Tiyeni akukhala pa nkhani "Mdima makwalala". Analysis wa mankhwala limasonyeza kuti Z sizikuwoneka kudzimvera chisoni, koma Nadezhda zoyenera kuti aiwala pambuyo pa zonse, osati onse. General komanso sanaiwale mkazi uyu, chikondi chake choyamba. Pachabe iye anam'funsa kuti: "Choka, chonde." Ndipo adanena kuti ngati Mulungu wamukhululukira, ndi chiyembekezo, zikuonekeratu anakhululukidwa kale. Koma likukhalira kuti pali. Mkazi ananena kuti iye sakanakhoza kuchita izo. Choncho, ambiri anakakamizika kupeza zifukwa, kupepesa kwa mbuye wake wakale, kuti sanali wokondwa, koma mkazi wanga wokondedwa popanda kukumbukira, ndipo iye anaponyamo Z, anapereka iye. Mwana wokondedwa, anali kuyembekezera, koma kunapezeka kuti squirt, ILO, wopanda ulemu, mtima, chikumbumtima.

Kaya kupulumutsa chikondi akale?

Tiyeni tione ntchito ya "Alley mdima". kusanthula Nkhani limasonyeza kuti maganizo a m'nkhaniyi musati adzafota. Zimaonekeratu kuti pali chikondi akale, mawonekedwe a ntchito iwo amakondana kwambiri. Kusiya General anavomereza yekha kuti mkazi uyu n'kumupatsa mphindi kwambiri. Atapereka woyamba chikondi anabwezera ngwazi tsoka lake. Sindikupeza chimwemwe mu moyo wa Z banja ( "mdima Alley"). kusanthula likutsimikizira kuti amakhala. Iye anazindikira kuti anaphonya chopatsika kamodzi mwayi tsoka. Pamene General akuuza dalaivala kuti mbuye izi akaganizira ndalama pa chiwongoladzanja, ndipo kwambiri "ozizira", ngakhale kuti ndi zoona: si anabwerera pa nthawi - kotero mlandu, Nikolai mawu awa ntchito kumtunda moyo wake amaganiza kuti izo zikanakhala ngati iye sanafooke mkazi uyu.

Nchiyani chakuletsa Mwamwayi Makhalidwe waukulu?

Pa nthawi, tsankho kalasi kupewedwa kulumikiza tsogolo la tsogolo la onse ndi munthu wamba. Koma chikondi cha mbali yaikulu mtima silinathe ndi kuteteza kukhala osangalala ndi mkazi wina, kutenga mwana woyenera, monga kuwunika ikuchitika mwa ife. "Mdima makwalala" (Bunin) - ntchito amene ali azioneka zomvetsa chisoni.

Chiyembekezo ndi chikondi yatengedwa mwa moyo ndipo pamapeto pake, nayenso, anali mmodzi. Chifukwa mavuto onse amene amayamba kukhululuka ngwazi iye sakanakhoza chifukwa iye anali mu moyo wake kwambiri munthu wokondedwa. Nikolai analephera kuswa malamulo okhazikika m'deralo, sanayese n'komwe kuchita ndi iwo. Ndipotu, kukwatira General chiyembekezo iye adzakumananso kunyozana ndi kusamvetsa ena. Ndipo msungwana osauka analibe bwanji kugonjera kwa tsoka. M'masiku amenewo wakhala zosatheka kuwala chikondi Alley pakati m'mphawi mkazi ndi njonda. Vuto limeneli kale anthu, osati.

Olinganiza zoikidwiratu Kochititsa a m'nkhaniyi

Bunin ntchito yake, anafuna kusonyeza Olinganiza zoikidwiratu kochititsa kaso kwa zilembo zazikulu, amene anakakamizika kusiya, kukhala mu chikondi wina ndi mzake. Mu dziko lino chikondi amwalira, ndipo makamaka wosalimba. Koma anatsindika moyo wawo wonse, ine nthawizonse kukhala mu chikumbukiro mphindi bwino. Achikondi, wokongola nkhani, ngakhale kwambiri.

Bunin mu mankhwala "Mdima makwalala" (kusanthula kwa nkhaniyi, ife tsopano akuchititsa) mtanda kudula mutu wa chikondi ndi cholinga. Chimaonekera chilengedwe chonse, motero zingwe emigre ndi nthawi Russian. Timatha wolemba kufotokoza izo ndi zochitika za zochitika kunja maganizo, komanso pafupi ndi chinsinsi cha moyo wa munthu, chifukwa cha polojekitiyi kuti zenizeni cholinga.

Pomaliza pa kusanthula nkhani Bunin a "Mdima makwalala". Chikondi aliyense akumvetsa mu njira yake. Ndi kumverera zodabwitsa sizinachitike kuthetsedwa. Mutu wa chikondi ndi zonse zoyenera, chifukwa cha anakopa zochita zambiri anthu tanthauzo la moyo wathu. Mfundo imeneyi amatsogolera, makamaka, kusanthula wathu. "Mdima makwalala" Bunin - zoyankhulidwa kuti ngakhale dzina akuganizira lingaliro limene kumverera n'chosamveka mpaka mapeto, ndi "mdima", koma pa nthawi yomweyo wokongola.