Solzhenitsyn, "Tsiku lina mu Ivana Denisovicha." Analysis, chidule a m'nkhaniyi

nkhani Solzhenitsyn a "Tsiku lina mu Ivana Denisovicha" analengedwa mu 1959. wolemba anazilemba pakati ntchito pa buku "The Circle Choyamba". Mu masiku 40 basi Solzhenitsyn "Tsiku lina Ivana Denisovicha." The kusanthula ntchito imeneyi - mutu wa nkhaniyi.

ntchito lathu

nkhani owerenga amadziwa moyo mu msasa m'dera la wamba Russian. Komabe, nkhani mankhwala Sichikupezeka moyo msasa. Kuwonjezera apulumuke tsatanetsatane mu woyendera nthambi, "Tsiku lina ..." lili zokhudza moyo m'mudzi, anafotokoza mwa prism cha chikumbumtima ngwazi ya. Mu nkhani ya Turin, kapitawo, - umboni wa zotsatira zomwe zinachititsa collectivization mu dziko. Kulankhula osiyanasiyana, amene inakula msasa luntha takambirana zochitika zosiyanasiyana za luso Soviet (ed kuyamba wa Yu Zavadsky, filimuyi "Ivan m'khutu" Eisenstein). Mogwirizana ndi tsoka la comrades wake mumsasa Shukhov anatchula zinthu zambiri mbiri ya nyengo ya Soviet.

Mutu wa tsoka la Russia ndi mfundo yaikulu ya zilandiridwenso wa wolemba ngati Solzhenitsyn. "Tsiku lina Ivana Denisovicha", ndi kusanthula zomwe ndife chidwi, osati yekha. Pali m'deralo, ulusi payekha organically alembedwa vutoli ambiri. Pa nkhani imeneyi, nkhani ya tsoka luso m'dziko ndi ulamuliro wankhanza. Choncho, mumsasa aluso kulemba ufulu zithunzi mabwana awo. Luso m'nthawi ya Soviet Union, malinga Solzhenitsyn, anali mbali ya zida wonse wa chinyengo. Shukhov yanthaŵi kuganiza za kubala akuda "pamphasa" mudzi handicraftsmen anathandiza motif luso kudzitsitsa.

Chiwembu cha nkhani

Topicality wa nkhaniyi nkhani, amene analengedwa ndi Solzhenitsyn ( "Tsiku lina mu Ivana Denisovicha"). Analysis limasonyeza kuti ngakhale maziko zochitika storyline kwamuyaya ndi tsiku limodzi lokha, predlagernuyu yonena za ngwazi kulingalira kulola chokumbukira. Ivan Shukhov anabadwa mu 1911. Iye anakhala kumidzi Temgenevo zaka awo analipo nkhondo. Mu banja lake - aakazi awiri (mwana wamwamuna anafa ali aang'ono). Shukhov lili pa nkhondo ndi masiku chake choyamba. Iye anavulazidwa ndi n'kupita mkaidi, kumene anakwanitsa kuthawa. Mu 1943 Shukhov adatsutsika "woukira boma" pa milandu yabodza. Iye anatumikira pa nthawi kanthu zinachitika zaka 8. Zochita za mankhwala kumachitika Kazakhstan, msasa Wolakwayo. January Tsiku lina mu 1951, Solzhenitsyn anafotokoza ( "tsiku limodzi Ivana Denisovicha").

Analysis wa dongosolo otchulidwa mankhwala

Ngakhale kuti ambiri a zilembo zotsatirazi ndi mlembi laconic njira, Solzhenitsyn chaonekera m'chifanizo cha mawu awo pulasitiki. Tikuona raznotsvete anthu, chuma cha mitundu anthu ntchito "Tsiku lina Ivana Denisovicha." nthano ngwazi akuonetsedwa laconically, koma kwa nthawi yaitali kukhalabe kukumbukira wa owerenga. Wolemba zina zokwanira umodzi wokha wa zidutswa ziwiri zojambula limaonetseratu. Solzhenitsyn (chithunzi wolemba chili m'munsimu) amakhudzidwa dziko, akatswiri ndi chikhalidwe limatchula kalasi ya zilembo anthu analenga.

Kubverana otchulidwa imvera ufumu okhwima mu msasa ntchito "Tsiku lina Ivana Denisovicha." A chidule cha moyo wonse kundende ya protagonist ndi, akuimira mu tsiku lina amatsogolera kunena kuti pakati pa akuluakulu a msasa ndi akaidi - ndi kusiyana akuluakulu. Alimiwa kwina izi maina buku, maina ndi zina kuchuluka kwa alonda ndipo owayang'anila. The payekha amene atchulidwa imapezeka mu mitundu ya nkhanza, komanso mu mlingo wa ferocity. M'malo mwake, ngakhale homogenizing dongosolo manambala, akaidi ambiri mu malingaliro a ngwazi za alipo ndi mayina, ndipo nthawizina ndi patronymic lapansi. Izi zikusonyeza kuti iwo anasunga payekha. Ngakhale satifiketi iyi siligwira ntchito kwa otchedwa informers, nitwits ndi wicks anafotokoza ntchito "Tsiku lina mu Ivana Denisovicha." atchulidwa komanso mulibe maina. Ambiri, Solzhenitsyn limatiuza mmene dongosolo anavutika akufuna kupatutsa anthu m'magulu ya makina wankhanza. Makamaka kwambiri mbali imeneyi, koma khalidwe waukulu, zifanizo za Turin (ndi kapitawo), Paulo (wachiwiri wake), Buinovska (kavtorang), ndi Chilativiya Baptist Alyosha Kilgasa.

protagonist

Ntchito "Tsiku lina mu Ivana Denisovicha," chifaniziro cha khalidwe ndicho chidwi kwambiri. Solzhenitsyn anamuika munthu wamba, Russian wamba. Ngakhale mwachionekere "wapadera" zinthu za moyo wa msasa, wolemba mkhalidwe lake mwadala anatsindika akunja zamasiku, "wamphamvu" khalidwe. Mu maganizo a Solzhenitsyn, tsogolo la dziko zimadalira makhalidwe titadziwa ndi kukana achilengedwe a munthu wamba. The Shukhov zofunika - wambawamba mkati ulemu. Ivan Denisovich wadikira pa solagernikam kwambiri ophunzira zaka zakubadwa makhalidwe wamba sasintha nokha ndipo mulibe kusiya.

Nkofunika mu mapangidwe a ngwazi za ntchito yake Dexterity: Shukhov anacititsa trowel wabwino; kuti nkhungu spoons kenako amabisa zidutswa za waya zotayidwa; Iye machined mpeni kungomanga ndi luso Umbombo izo. Komanso, mfundo wamba kuti alengeze kuti kuli khalidwe, khalidwe lake, ngati wamba ulemu, zizoloŵezi - izi zonse kulingana ndi nkhani walembedwa ndi mfundo kuti amakulolani moyo mavuto mu munthu. Shukhov Mwachitsanzo, nthawi n'kudzuka maola 1.5 pamaso lithe. Iye yekha limabweretsa mphindi m'mawa. Nkofunika ngwazi nthawi imeneyi, ufulu lenileni komanso chifukwa mukhoza kupeza.

"Cinematic" njira compositional

Tsiku lina mu mankhwala lili anthu tsogolo aumirira distillation a moyo wake. N'kosatheka kuti muzindikire digiri yapamwamba ya mwatsatanetsatane: iliyonse mfundo munkhaniyi lagawidwa m'zigawo zing'onozing'ono, ambiri mwa umaperekedwa closeup. Mlembi anagwiritsa ntchito "cinematic" njira compositional. Iye mosamalitsa, kwambiri mosamala oyang'anira njira asanachoke nyumba khalidwe lake amavala kapena wanyeketsa mafupa a nsomba yaing'ono, analowa msuzi. A umodzi "chimango" ndi kupereka mu nkhani ngakhale chotero wamba kuti alengeze mwatsatanetsatane za gastronomic maso nsomba, akuyandama mu msuzi. Mu ichi mudzaona powerenga ntchito ya "Tsiku lina mu Ivana Denisovicha." The zili mitu ya nkhani imeneyi tikawerenga bwinobwino amalola kuti muli zitsanzo zambiri monga.

Lingaliro la "nthawi"

Nkofunika kuti lemba ntchito ndi mzake pafupi limodzi, nthawi zina kukhala pafupifupi n'chimodzimodzi ndi mfundo monga "tsiku" ndi "moyo." mgwirizano amenewa ikuchitika ndi wolemba mwa mfundo yonena za "nthawi" mu nkhani konsekonse. Akuti - ndi chilango ankachitira mkaidi nthawi yomweyo malamulo a mkati mwa moyo mu ndende. Komanso, ambiri Chofunika, ndi lofanana ya mapeto a munthu ndi chikumbutso cha comaliza, zofunika kwambiri nthawi ya moyo wake. Zosakhalitsa lakuti potero mumoyo mankhwala kwambiri apamaliro makhalidwe abwino ndiponso maganizo.

powonekera

Powonekera ndi yofunika kwambiri. akaidi lankhanza la msasa danga, oopsa ndi madera poyera za woyendera nthambi. Akaidi mofulumira kuwoloka posachedwapa pakati pa zipinda. Iwo anachita mantha kukodwa mu malo awa, pansi pa chitetezero cha afulumira whisk m'chipindacho. Mosiyana ndi anthu amene amakonda mtunda ndi thambo la ngwazi za mabuku Russian, Shukhov ndi akaidi ena ndimalota za malo ogona ambiri. Kwa iwo, kanyumba ali kunyumba.

Chimene ine ndinali tsiku lina Ivana Denisovicha?

Makhalidwe imachitika Shukhov tsiku m'modzi kwapatsidwa mwachindunji ndi mlembi ntchito. Solzhenitsyn anasonyeza kuti lero moyo wa khalidwe lalikulu anali opambana. Kuganiza za izo, wolemba ananena kuti ngwazi sanali m'selo yandekha, osati akankhidwira pa Sotsmistechko brigade, iye zakosil phala nkhomaliro, ndi kapitawo otsekedwa bwino protsentovku. Shukhov kuika pakhoma zosangalatsa, kodi si kuuka kwa Shmona ndi hacksaw ndi, madzulo kupeza Caesar ndi kugula fodya. The protagonist komanso anadwala. Wadutsa unalloyed tsiku, "pafupifupi osangalala". Iyi ndi ntchito mu "Tsiku lina Ivana Denisovicha" chidule cha zochitika zikuluzikulu. Mawu omaliza a phokoso la wolemba monga epic bata. Iye ananena kuti masiku amenewa anali mu nthawi Shukhov 3653 - 3 masiku owonjezera kuti atenge chifukwa cha zaka adzatumpha.

Solzhenitsyn ali anapewa kusonyezedwa lotseguka kutengeka ndi mau akulu akulu: wokongola, ndi kuti owerenga tanthauzo lenileni la yoyenera. Ndipo kungakupatseni zogwirizana mapangidwe nkhani za mphamvu anthu ndi mphamvu ya moyo.

Pomaliza

Choncho, ntchito yake "Tsiku lina Ivana Denisovicha" nkhani zinakambidwa apakhungu kwambiri pa nthawiyo. Solzhenitsyn imabereka mbali yaikulu ya lothandiza pamene mavuto zosaneneka ndi kuzunzika amwalira anthu. Mbiri ya zodabwitsazi sayamba mu 1937, chinali kuyan'anila loyamba Party ndi moyo boma, koma kale kwambiri, kuyambira chiyambi cha nzeru Russia opondereza boma. Mankhwala Choncho anapereka aumirira amaganiza anthu ambiri Soviet amene anakakamizika amavulala chifukwa zaka za kuzunzika, manyazi, m'misasa utumiki wodzipereka ndi wokhulupirika. Mlembi wa buku "Tsiku lina mu Ivana Denisovicha" anadzutsa nkhani izi kwa wowerenga kuganizira za chilengedwe zodabwitsa anaona anthu, ndipo anapanga okha mfundo iliyonse. Wolemba si moralize, sankatanthauza chinachake, izo limalongosola zenizeni. Zojambula kwa izo yekha ndiye amalandira mphoto.